Isifo seGallbladder

Umxholo

• Zithini iintlobo zesifo se-gallbladder?
• Amatye egall
• ICholecystitis
• Choledocholithiasis
• Isifo se-gallal bladder
• Idyskinesia yenyani
• Ukubola kwe-cholangitis
• Umhlaza wenyongo
• Iiplyps ze-gallbladder
• Ukuqhuma kwe-gallbladder
• Ithumba lenyongo
• Sichongwa njani isifo se-gallbladder?
• Imbali yonyango eneenkcukacha
• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Isifuba kunye nesisu seX-ray
• I-Ultrasound
• Ukuskena iHIDA
• Olunye uvavanyo
• Sinyangwa njani isifo senyongo?
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
• Unyango
• Ugqirha
• Ubunzima bexesha elide besifo se-gallbladder
• Ngaba isifo se-gallbladder singathintelwa?

Isishwankathelo sesifo se-gallbladder

Igama elithi isifo se-gallbladder lisetyenziselwa iintlobo ezininzi zeemeko ezinokuchaphazela i-gallbladder yakho.

I-gallbladder yipakethi encinci emile ngathi iphantsi kwesibindi. Owona msebenzi wakho we-gallbladder kukugcina inyongo eveliswe sisibindi sakho kwaye uyidlulise ngomjelo okhuphela emathunjini amancinci. Ibile ikunceda ukwetyisa amafutha emathunjini akho amancinci.

Ukudumba kubangela uninzi lwezifo ze-gallbladder ngenxa yokucaphuka kweendonga ze-gallbladder, eyaziwa ngokuba yicholecystitis. Oku kudumba kuhlala kubangelwa ngamatye enyongo athintela imibhobho ekhokelela emathunjini amancinci kwaye ibangele ukuba inyuke. Ingakhokelela ekugqibeleni kwi-necrosis (ukutshabalalisa izicubu) okanye ukubola.

Zithini iintlobo zesifo se-gallbladder?

Zininzi iintlobo zesifo se-gallbladder.

Amatye egall

Amatye e-gallstones akhula xa izinto ezikwi-bile (njenge-cholesterol, i-bile salts, kunye ne-calcium) okanye izinto ezivela egazini (njenge-bilirubin) zenza amasuntswana alukhuni athintela indlela eya kwi-gallbladder kunye ne-bile ducts.

Amatye e-gallstones nawo adla ngokwakha xa i-gallbladder ingabinanto ngokupheleleyo okanye rhoqo. Zingabancinci njengokhozo lwesanti okanye zinkulu njengebhola yegalufa.

Zininzi izinto ezinegalelo kumngcipheko wamatye enyongo. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu
• unesifo seswekile
• uneminyaka engama-60 okanye ngaphezulu
• ukuthatha amayeza aqukethe i-estrogen
• ukuba nembali yosapho yeenyongo
• ukuba ngumfazi
• ukuba nesifo sikaCrohn kunye nezinye iimeko ezichaphazela indlela ezondliwa ngayo izondlo
• ukuba nesibindi okanye ezinye izifo zesibindi

ICholecystitis

I-cholecystitis lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesifo se-gallbladder. Izibonakalisa njengokudumba okungapheliyo okanye okungapheliyo kwe-gallbladder.

Cholecystitis Acute

I-cholecystitis yesiqhelo ibangelwa ngamatye enyongo. Kodwa inokuba sisiphumo samathumba okanye ezinye izifo ezahlukeneyo.

Inokubonisa iintlungu kwicala lasekunene lasekunene okanye kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu. Intlungu ithambekele ekubeni yenzeke kanye emva kwesidlo kwaye isusela kwiintlungu ezibukhali ukuya kwiintlungu ezibuthuntu ezinokuthi ziphume egxalabeni lakho lasekunene. Cholecystitis Acute nako kunokubangela:

• ifiva
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• inyongo

Cholecystitis engapheliyo

Emva kohlaselo oluninzi lwe-cholecystitis etsolo, i-gallbladder inokuncipha kwaye ilahle amandla ayo okugcina nokukhupha i-bile. Intlungu zesisu, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kunokwenzeka. Utyando ihlala inyango efunekayo ye-cholecystitis engapheliyo.

Choledocholithiasis

Amatye anokuthi afakwe entanyeni ye-gallbladder okanye kwimibhobho ye-bile. Xa i-gallbladder ixhunyiwe ngale ndlela, i-bile ayinakuphuma. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni i-gallbladder ivuthe okanye iphazamiseke.

Imibhobho ye-bile exhunyiwe iya kuthintela ngakumbi inyongo ekuhambeni ukusuka esibindini ukuya emathunjini. I-Choledocholithiasis inokubangela:

• iintlungu ezigabadeleyo embindini wesisu sakho esingasentla
• ifiva
• Ukugodola
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• inyongo
• eziluhlaza okombala okanye ezodongwe

Isifo se-gallal bladder

Isifo se-gallalladial gallicladral kukukrala kwenyongo eyenzeka ngaphandle kobukho benyongo. Ukuba nesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye imeko yezonyango enzulu kubonisiwe ukuqala kwesiqendu.

Iimpawu ziyafana ne-cholecystitis etsolo ngamatye enyongo. Ezinye zezinto ezinobungozi kule meko zibandakanya:

• ukonzakala okukhulu emzimbeni
• uqhaqho lwentliziyo
• utyando lwesisu
• ukutsha kakhulu
• iimeko ezizimeleyo ezifana ne-lupus
• usulelo lomsinga wegazi
• ukufumana ukutya okunesondlo ngaphakathi (IV)
• izifo ezibalulekileyo zebhaktiriya okanye zentsholongwane

Idyskinesia yenyani

I-biliary dyskinesia yenzeka xa i-gallbladder inomsebenzi ongaphantsi koqhelekileyo. Le meko inokuthi ihambelane nokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder eqhubekayo.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya iintlungu zangaphezulu esiswini emva kokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukudumba, kunye nokugaya. Ukutya ukutya okunamafutha kunokubangela iimpawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo akukho ziinyongo kwi-gallbladder ene-biliary dyskinesia.

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukusebenzisa uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-HIDA scan ukunceda ukuxilonga le meko. Olu vavanyo lilinganisa umsebenzi we-gallbladder. Ukuba i-gallbladder inokukhupha kuphela iipesenti ezingama-35 ukuya kuma-40 zeziqulatho zayo okanye ngaphantsi, i-biliary dyskinesia ihlala ifunyaniswa.

Ukubola kwe-cholangitis

Ukuqhubekeka kokudumba kunye nomonakalo kwinkqubo ye-bile duct kungakhokelela ekunqandeni. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-sclerosing cholangitis. Nangona kunjalo, akwaziwa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela esi sifo.

Phantse isiqingatha sabantu abanale meko abanazo iimpawu. Ukuba iimpawu zenzeka, zingabandakanya:

• ifiva
• inyongo
• ukurhawuzelela
• ukungaphatheki kakuhle kwesisu.

Ngokumalunga nabantu abanale meko banesifo sokukrala kwezilonda. Ukuba nale meko kuyonyusa umngcipheko womhlaza wesibindi ngokunjalo. Okwangoku, unyango olwaziwayo kuphela kukufakelwa kwesibindi.

Amayeza acinezela amajoni omzimba kunye nalawo anceda ukwehlisa i-bile ejiyileyo anokunceda ukulawula iimpawu.

Umhlaza wenyongo

Umhlaza we-gallbladder sisifo esinqabileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza womhlonyane. Banokuba nzima ukunyanga kuba abaqhelekanga ukuxilongwa kude kube sekupheleni kwesifo. Amatye e-Gallstones yinto eqhelekileyo yomngcipheko womhlaza we-gallbladder.

Umhlaza we-gallbladder ungasasazeka ukusuka kwiindonga zangaphakathi ze-gallbladder ukuya kwiindawo ezingaphandle emva koko uye kwisibindi, i-lymph node, kunye namanye amalungu. Iimpawu zomhlaza we-gallbladder zinokufana nezo cholecystitis ebukhali, kodwa akunakubakho zimpawu kwaphela.

Iiplyps ze-gallbladder

Iiplyps zegallbladder zizilonda okanye ukukhula okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwenyongo. Bahlala benobungozi kwaye abanazimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kucetyiswa ukuba inyongo isuswe kwiipolyps ezinkulu kune-1 sentimitha. Banethuba elikhulu lokuba ngumhlaza.

Ukuqhuma kwe-gallbladder

I-gangrene inokwenzeka xa i-gallbladder ikhula ngokwaneleyo ukuhamba kwegazi. Le yenye yezona ngxaki zinzima cholecystitis etsolo. Izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko wale ngxaki zibandakanya:

• ukuba yindoda kwaye ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-45 ubudala
• unesifo seswekile

Iimpawu ze-gallbladder gangrene zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu ebuthathaka kwingingqi ye-gallbladder
• ifiva
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• ukudideka
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi

Ithumba lenyongo

Ithumba lenyuke ngenxa yesinyongo. I-Pus kukuqokelelwa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, izicwili ezifileyo, kunye neebhaktiriya. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya iintlungu ezisemacaleni ezisekunene esiswini kunye nefiva kunye nokugungqa ukugodola.

Le meko inokuthi yenzeke ngexesha le-cholecystitis etsolo xa ilitye lenyongo livimba i-gallbladder ngokupheleleyo, ivumela i-gallbladder ukuba igcwalise ubofu. Kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Sichongwa njani isifo se-gallbladder?

Ukufumanisa isifo se-gallbladder, ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza malunga nembali yakho yezonyango kwaye enze uvavanyo lwesisu. Oku kuya kubandakanya ukukhangela iintlungu esiswini. Olunye okanye nangaphezulu kolu vavanyo kunye neenkqubo zinokusetyenziswa:

Imbali yonyango eneenkcukacha

Uluhlu lweempawu ohlangabezana nazo kunye nayiphi na imbali yobuqu okanye yosapho yesifo se-gallbladder zibalulekile. Uvavanyo lwempilo ngokubanzi lunokwenziwa ukuqaphela ukuba ngaba akukho miqondiso yesifo se-gallbladder sexesha elide.

Uvavanyo lomzimba

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza into ekhethekileyo ngexesha lokuhlolwa kwesisu ukukhangela oko kubizwa ngokuba "ngumqondiso kaMurphy."

Ngexesha lokuhamba, ugqirha wakho uya kubeka isandla sakho kwisisu sakho phezu kwendawo ye-gallbladder. Baya kuthi emva koko bacele ukuba uthathe umoya ngelixa uvavanya kwaye uziva indawo. Ukuba uziva ubuhlungu obukhulu, iphakamisa ukuba unokuba nesifo se-gallbladder.

Isifuba kunye nesisu seX-ray

I-cholecystitis yempawu ngamanye amaxesha iya kubonisa amatye kwizisu ze-X-ray ukuba amatye ane-calcium. IX-ray yesifuba ingabonisa ipleurisy okanye inyumoniya.

Nangona kunjalo, i-X-ray ayilona vavanyo olufanelekileyo lokuchonga isifo se-gallbladder. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukulawula ezinye izinto ezinokubangela iintlungu ezingahambelani namatye enyongo, i-gallbladder, okanye isibindi.

I-Ultrasound

I-ultrasound isebenzisa amaza esandi ukuvelisa imifanekiso ngaphakathi komzimba wakho. Olu vavanyo yenye yeendlela eziphambili ugqirha wakho azisebenzisayo ukwenza isifo se-gallbladder. I-ultrasound inokuvavanya i-gallbladder ngobukho bamatye enyongo, iindonga ezixineneyo, iipolyps, okanye abantu. Inokuchonga nayiphi na imiba ngaphakathi kwesibindi sakho.

Ukuskena iHIDA

Iskena se-HIDA sijonga inkqubo ye-duct ngaphakathi kwe-gallbladder kunye nesibindi. Ihlala isetyenziswa xa umntu eneempawu ze-gallbladder kodwa i-ultrasound ayibonisanga sizathu seempawu. Ukuskena kwe-HIDA kunokusetyenziselwa uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwenkqubo ye-bile duct.

Olu vavanyo lunokuvavanya umsebenzi we-gallbladder usebenzisa into engenabungozi kwi-radioactive. Le nto ifakwa emthanjeni ize ijongwe njengoko ihamba ngethambo lenyongo. Enye ikhemikhali inokufakwa inaliti ebangela ukuba inyongo ikhuphe inyongo.

Ukuskena kwe-HIDA kubonisa ukuba i-gallbladder ihambisa njani i-bile ngenkqubo ye-bile duct. Inokulinganisa kwakhona inqanaba le-bile ephuma kwi-gallbladder. Oku kwaziwa njengeqhekeza lokukhutshwa. Iqhekeza lokuchithwa eliqhelekileyo kwi-gallbladder liqwalaselwa phakathi kwama-35 ukuya kuma-65 ekhulwini.

Olunye uvavanyo

Ezinye iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-CT kunye neMRI scan, zinokusetyenziswa. Uvavanyo lwegazi luyenziwa ukukhangela ukwanda kokubalwa kweeseli ezimhlophe kunye nokusebenza kwesibindi ngokungaqhelekanga.

I-Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) luvavanyo ngakumbi kodwa oluluncedo. Ikhamera eguquguqukayo ifakwa emlonyeni ize yehle idlule isisu siye emathunjini amancinci. Idayi yokwahlula-hlula itofelwe ukubonisa inkqubo ye-bile nge-X-ray ekhethekileyo.

I-ERCP luvavanyo oluluncedo ngakumbi ukuba kuthintelwa ukubhloka ngenxa yamatye enyongo. Naliphina ilitye lenyongo elibangela ukuvaleka kunokususwa rhoqo kule nkqubo.

Sinyangwa njani isifo senyongo?

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila

Kuba iimeko ezithile zempilo zonyusa umngcipheko wokwenziwa kwenyongo, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ukulawula isifo se-gallbladder kubantu abangenazimpawu. Ukutyeba kakhulu nokuba nesifo seswekile kwandisa amathuba okuba nenyongo. Ukuphulukana nobunzima kunye nokulawula kakuhle isifo seswekile kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Nangona kunjalo, ukunciphisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza kunokubangela ukuyilwa kwamatye. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela ezikhuselekileyo zokunciphisa umzimba.

Ukonyusa imisebenzi yomzimba kukwabonakala ngathi kunciphisa ukwenziwa kwenyongo kunye nokuhla kwe-triglycerides ephezulu, uhlobo lwamafutha egazini. Kuhlala kunconywa ukuyeka ukutshaya kunye nokunciphisa utywala ngokunjalo.

Unyango

Isiqendu sokuqala sokuvuvukala kwe-gallbladder sihlala siphathwa ngamayeza eentlungu. Ngenxa yokuba iintlungu zihlala zibuhlungu, amayeza kagqirha ayafuneka. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza nge-codeine okanye i-hydrocodone. Amayeza e-anti-inflammatories e-IV anokumiselwa, okanye amayeza eentlungu anamandla njenge morphine.

Amayeza e-counter-counter njenge-ibuprofen (i-Advil) kunye ne-naproxen (i-Aleve) ayinakusetyenziswa rhoqo ngenxa yomngcipheko okhulayo we-nausea kunye nokuhlanza. Ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni, iziyobisi ezichasayo zisenokubangela imiba yezintso.

Uninzi lwabantu lunobunzima ekulawuleni iintlungu kunye neempawu ezihamba nazo ekhaya. Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuxoxa ngonyango olulungileyo.

Uphando oluqhubekayo lujonge ekusetyenzisweni kweyeza ezetimibe kunye nendima yalo ekunciphiseni ukwenziwa kwamatye e-cholesterol. Olu nyango lutshintsha indlela umzimba oyifunxa ngayo i-cholesterol kwindawo yamathumbu.

Ugqirha

Utyando luya kucetyiswa ukuba ususe i-gallbladder yakho ukuba uye wafumana iziqendu ezininzi zokudumba. Utyando lwe-gallbladder luyaqhubeka luyindlela efanelekileyo yokunyanga isifo se-gallbladder esisebenzayo.

Utyando lunokwenziwa ngokuvula isisu sakho ngokusikwa, okanye nge-laparoscopically. Oku kubandakanya ukwenza imingxunya emininzi ngodonga lwesisu kunye nokufaka ikhamera. Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic luvumela ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza. Le ndlela ikhethwa kubantu abangenazo iingxaki zesifo se-gallbladder esibalulekileyo.

Emva kotyando lwenyongo nangayiphi na indlela, akuqhelekanga ukuba abantu bafumane urhudo oluthile. Ngokwe-Mayo Clinic, ukuya kuthi ga kubantu abathathu kwabali-10 banokuba nesifo sorhudo emva kotyando lwenyongo.

Kubantu abaninzi urhudo luya kuhlala iiveki ezimbalwa. Kodwa kwiimeko ezimbalwa, inokuhlala iminyaka. Ukuba urhudo luyaqhubeka emva kotyando ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini, thetha nogqirha wakho. Kuxhomekeke kwezinye iimpawu, unokufuna uvavanyo lokulandela.

Ubunzima bexesha elide besifo se-gallbladder

I-gallbladder inokwenza indlela engaqhelekanga, okanye i-fistula, phakathi kwe-gallbladder kunye namathumbu ukunceda ukuqhubekeka kwenyongo yesibindi. Oku kuhlala kuluxinzelelo lokudumba okungapheliyo okunxulumene namatye enyongo.

Ezinye iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• isithintelo samathumbu
• ukudumba kunye namabala
• ukutyhoboza (umngxunya kwi-gallbladder)
• ukungcoliseka kwebhaktiriya kwesisu, esaziwa njenge-peritonitis
• Utshintsho olubi (iiseli zotshintsho ziba sisifo somhlaza)

Ngaba isifo se-gallbladder singathintelwa?

Imingcipheko ethile yesifo se-gallbladder, enje ngesini kunye nobudala, ayinakutshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukutya kwakho kunokudlala indima ekuphuhliseni i-gallstones. Ngokwe-National Institute of Diabetes kunye neDigestive kunye neZifo zeZintso (i-NIDDK), ukutya okuphezulu kwifayibha kunye namafutha asempilweni kunokunceda ukuthintela inyongo.

Iinkozo ezicoliweyo (ezifumaneka kwiisiriyiti ezineswekile kunye nerayisi emhlophe, isonka, kunye ne-pasta) kunye neelekese ezineswekile zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wesifo se-gallbladder. Ukutya konke okufana nerayisi emdaka kunye nesonka sengqolowa kunye namafutha asuka kwiintlanzi kunye neoyile ye-olive konke kuyacetyiswa.

Iingxaki ze-gallbladder zangaphambili ziyaqatshelwa kwaye ziphathwe, iingxaki ezincinci ezinokubakho ziya kwenzeka. Kubalulekile ukuba uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu okanye iimpawu zesifo senyongo.