Iswekile yegazi: yintoni le nto, indlela yokulinganisa kunye namaxabiso esalathiso

Umxholo

• Indlela yokulinganisa iswekile yegazi
• 1. I-capillary glycemia
• 2. Ukuzila ukutya kweglucose
• 3. Ihemoglobin enamafutha
• 4. Igophe leglycemic
• 5. Iposi yeswekile yeglucose
• 6. Inzwa yeglucose yegazi engalweni
• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Athini amaxabiso ekubhekiswa kuwo
• 1. Iswekile yegazi esezantsi
• 2. Iswekile yegazi ephezulu

IGlycemia ligama elibhekisa kwinani leswekile, elaziwa ngcono njengeswekile, egazini elifika ngokungenisa ukutya okunee-carbohydrate, ezinje ngekhekhe, ipasta kunye nesonka, umzekelo. Ukuxinana kweswekile egazini kulawulwa ziihomoni ezimbini, i-insulin ejongene nokwehla kweswekile egazini kunye neglucagon enomsebenzi wokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokulinganisa amanqanaba eglucose egazini kuvavanyo lwegazi, njengokuzila ukutya kweglucose kunye nehemoglobin eglycated, okanye ngeendlela ezisebenziseka lula zeemitha zeswekile yegazi kunye nezixhobo umntu anokuzisebenzisa.

Amaxabiso esalathiso seglucose egazini kufanele ukuba abe phakathi kwe-70 ukuya kwi-100 mg / dL xa uzila ukutya kwaye xa ingaphantsi kweli xabiso ibonisa i-hypoglycemia, ebangela iimpawu ezinje ukozela, isiyezi nokuba utyhafe. I-Hyperglycemia, kwelinye icala, kuxa i-glucose yegazi ingaphezulu kwe-100 mg / dL ngelixa uzila ukutya kwaye inokubonisa uhlobo lwe-1 okanye udidi lweswekile lwesibini, oluthi, ukuba alulawulwa, lunokubangela iingxaki, ezinje ngombono iingxaki kunye nonyawo lweswekile. Yazi ezinye iimpawu zesifo seswekile.

Indlela yokulinganisa iswekile yegazi

Iglucose yegazi ibhekisa kuxinzelelo lweglucose egazini kwaye inokulinganiswa ngeendlela ezininzi, ezinje:

1. I-capillary glycemia

Iglucose yegazi leCapillary luvavanyo olwenziwa ngokuhlaba komnwe emva koko ithontsi legazi lihlalutywe kwiteyiphu eqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-glucometer. Okwangoku, kukho iimodeli ezininzi zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeglucometer, iyafumaneka ukuthengiswa ezikhemesti kwaye inokwenziwa nangubani na, ukuba nje yayijolise ngaphambili.

Olu hlobo lovavanyo luvumela abantu abanesifo seswekile ukuba babe nolawulo olukhulu kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi, kuthintelwe iziqendu zehypoglycemia ngenxa yokusebenzisa ii-insulins, ukunceda ukuqonda indlela ukutya, uxinzelelo, iimvakalelo kunye nokuzilolonga okutshintsha amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.iswekile yegazi kwaye iyanceda ukuseta idosi echanekileyo ye-insulin eza kwenziwa. Jonga indlela yokulinganisa i-capillary glucose yegazi.

2. Ukuzila ukutya kweglucose

Ukuzila ukutya kweglucose luvavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ukujonga amanqanaba eglucose kwaye kufuneka lwenziwe emva kwexesha ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukusela, ngaphandle kwamanzi, ubuncinci iiyure eziyi-8 okanye njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha.

Olu vavanyo lunceda ugqirha jikelele okanye i-endocrinologist ukuba ichonge isifo seswekile, nangona kunjalo, ngaphezulu kwesampulu enye kufuneka iqokelelwe kwaye kuqhubeke iimvavanyo, ezinjenge-glycated hemoglobin, kunokucetyiswa ukuba ugqirha avale isifo seswekile. Ukuzila ukutya kweglucose kungenziwa kugqirha ukuvavanya ukuba ngaba unyango lwesifo seswekile luyasebenza okanye ukujonga ezinye iingxaki zempilo eziguqula amanqanaba eglucose egazini.

3. Ihemoglobin enamafutha

I-hemlylobin eglycated, okanye i-HbA1c, luvavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ukuvavanya ubungakanani beswekile ebotshelelwe kwi-hemoglobin, icandelo leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, kwaye ibhekisa kwimbali yeswekile yegazi ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-120, ngeli xesha lobomi begazi elibomvu iseli kunye nexesha elichaphazeleka kwiswekile, lenza i-hemoglobin eglycated, kwaye olu vavanyo yeyona ndlela isetyenziswayo yokufumanisa isifo seswekile.

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ekubhekiswa kuwo kwihemoglobin eglycated kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-5.7%, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, isiphumo sehemoglobin eglycated sinokutshintshwa ngenxa yezinye izinto, ezinje ngeanemias, ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye nezifo zegazi, umzekelo. Uvavanyo lwenziwa, ugqirha uya kuhlalutya imbali yezempilo yomntu.

4. Igophe leglycemic

Ijika le-glycemic, ekwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lokunyamezelwa kweswekile, luqukethe uvavanyo lwegazi apho ukuzila ukutya kwe-glycemia kungqinisiswa kunye neeyure ezi-2 emva kokufaka i-75 g yeswekile ngomlomo. Kwiintsuku ezi-3 phambi koviwo, umntu kufuneka atye ukutya okunotye okunee-carbohydrate, ezinje ngezonka kunye neekeyiki, umzekelo, emva koko kufuneka azile ukutya iiyure ezili-12.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba ngaphambi kokuba uthathe uviwo, umntu khange ayifumane ikofu kwaye khange atshaye kangangesithuba seeyure ezingama-24. Emva kokuba kuqokelelwe isampulu yegazi yokuqala, umntu uya kugalela iswekile aze aphumle iiyure ezi-2 ukuphinda aqokelele igazi. Emva koviwo, iziphumo zithatha phakathi kweentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ukuba zilungele, kuxhomekeke kwilabhoratri kwaye amaxabiso aqhelekileyo kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-100 mg / dL kwisisu esingenanto kunye ne-140 mg / dL emva kokufakwa kwe-75g yeswekile. Ukuqonda ngcono iziphumo zekhephu yeglycemic.

5. Iposi yeswekile yeglucose

I-postprandial blood glucose luvavanyo lokuchonga amanqanaba eglucose egazini 1 ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini emva kokuba umntu etyile kwaye esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya iincopho zehyperglycemia, enxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wentliziyo okanye ingxaki yokukhutshwa kwe-insulin. Olu hlobo lovavanyo ngokubanzi lucetyiswa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-endocrinologist ukuncedisa uvavanyo lweglucose yegazi kunye namaxabiso aqhelekileyo kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-140 mg / dL.

6. Inzwa yeglucose yegazi engalweni

Okwangoku, kukho isivamvo sokujonga iswekile yegazi efakwe engalweni yomntu kwaye ivumela ukuqinisekiswa kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokuhlaba ngomnwe. Le isivamvo sisixhobo ngeenxa kunye inaliti entle kakhulu ukuba ifakwe ngaphakathi ingalo, ayibangeli iintlungu kwaye ayibangeli ukungakhululeki, ukuba isetyenziswa kakhulu nakubantwana abanesifo seswekile, njengoko kunciphisa ukungonwabi kokugqojozwa umnwe .

Kule meko, ukulinganisa iswekile yegazi, zisa nje iselfowuni, okanye isixhobo esithile sophawu, kwi-sensor yesandla kwaye emva koko ukuskena kuya kwenziwa kwaye isiphumo siya kuvela kwiscreen sefowuni. Inzwa kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-14, kodwa akukho mfuneko yokwenza naluphi na uhlobo lokulinganisa, olwahlukileyo kwisixhobo esiqhelekileyo seglucose yegazi.

Yenzelwe ntoni

I-Glycemia iboniswa ngugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye i-endocrinologist ukujonga amanqanaba eglucose egazini kwaye oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kufumaneke izifo ezithile kunye neemeko, ezinje:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 yeswekile;
• Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile;
• Isifo seswekile;
• Ukuxhathisa kwe-insulin;
• Utshintsho lwe-thyroid;
• Izifo zepancreatic;
• Iingxaki zehomoni.

Ukulawulwa kwe-glycemia kunokuncedisa ukuxilongwa kwe-Dumping syndrome, umzekelo, imeko apho ukutya kudlula ngokukhawuleza ukusuka esiswini kuya emathunjini, okukhokelela ekuveleni kwe-hypoglycemia kunye nokubangela iimpawu ezinjengeziyezi, isicupunu kunye nokuthuthumela. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokulahla isifo.

Rhoqo, olu hlobo lohlalutyo lwenziwa njengesiqhelo esibhedlele kubantu abasesibhedlele kwaye abafumana i-serum ene-glucose okanye basebenzise amayeza kwimithambo yabo enokubangela ukuba iswekile yegazi yehle kakhulu okanye inyuke ngokukhawuleza.

Athini amaxabiso ekubhekiswa kuwo

Iimvavanyo zokujonga i-capillary glucose yegazi ziyahluka kwaye zinokwahluka ngokwelabhoratri kunye novavanyo olusetyenzisiweyo, nangona kunjalo iziphumo kufanele ukuba zibe namaxabiso njengoko kubonisiwe kule theyibhile ingezantsi:

Emva kokujonga iziphumo zovavanyo, ugqirha uya kwenza uhlalutyo lweempawu ezivezwe ngumntu kwaye unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ukujonga izizathu ezinokubangela iswekile yegazi esezantsi okanye ephezulu.

1. Iswekile yegazi esezantsi

Iswekile yegazi esezantsi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hypoglycemia, kukuncipha kwenqanaba leswekile yegazi, echongwe ngamaxabiso angaphantsi kwe-70 mg / dL Iimpawu zale meko zinokuba sisiyezi, ukubila kubanda, isicaphucaphu, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekuphelelweni lithemba, ukudideka engqondweni kunye nesiqa ukuba ayibuyiswa ngexesha, kwaye oku kungabangelwa kukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-insulin kwindawo ephezulu kakhulu amathamo. Bona ngakumbi yintoni enokubangela i-hypoglycemia.

Kwenziwe ntoni: i-hypoglycemia kufuneka inyangwe ngokukhawuleza, ke ukuba umntu uneempawu ezinzima, ezinje ngesiyezi, kuya kufuneka unike ibhokisi yejusi okanye into emnandi kwangoko. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kwenzeka ukubhideka kwengqondo nokuphelelwa ngamandla, kufuneka ubize i-ambulensi ye-SAMU okanye umse kwimeko kaxakeka, kwaye unike iswekile kuphela xa umntu esazi.

2. Iswekile yegazi ephezulu

Iswekile yegazi ephezulu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hyperglycemia, yenzeka xa amanqanaba eswekile esegazini ephezulu kakhulu ngenxa yokutya ukutya okumnandi kakhulu, okune-carbohydrate, okunokukhokelela kwisifo seswekile. Olu tshintsho aluhlali lubangela iimpawu, nangona kunjalo, kwimeko apho iswekile yegazi iphezulu kakhulu kwaye ixesha elide, umlomo owomileyo, intloko ebuhlungu, ukozela kunye nokuchama rhoqo. Jonga ukuba kutheni i-hyperglycemia isenzeka.

N Iforum yokuHambaKwiimeko apho isifo seswekile sele sifunyenwe, ugqirha uhlala ecebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe iziyobisi zehypoglycemic, ezinje nge-metformin, kunye ne-insulin enesitofu. Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, i-hyperglycemia ingaguqulwa ngotshintsho kwindlela yokutya, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kokutya okunotye iswekile kunye ne-pasta kunye nemisebenzi eqhelekileyo yomzimba. Jonga kule vidiyo ingezantsi yeyiphi imithambo ekhuthazwa kakhulu kwabo banesifo seswekile: