Isiseko

I-Acromegaly yimeko apho kukho ukukhula okuninzi kakhulu kwehomoni (GH) emzimbeni.

I-Acromegaly yimeko enqabileyo. Kubangelwa xa i-pituitary gland yenza ukukhula okukhulu kwehommone. Idlala lepituitary yincindi encinci ye-endocrine encanyathiselwe emazantsi engqondo. Ilawula, yenza, kwaye ikhuphe iihomoni ezininzi, kubandakanya ukukhula kwehomoni.

Ngokwesiqhelo ithumba elingahlanjululwanga (benign) lengqula yedlala lengqula likhupha ihormone yokukhula kakhulu. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, izilonda zepituitary zinokufunyanwa njengelifa.

Kubantwana, i-GH eninzi ibangela i-gigantism kune-acromegaly.

Iimpawu ze-acromegaly zinokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ivumba lomzimba
• Igazi esitulweni
• Isifo seCarpal tunnel
• Ukwehla kwamandla emisipha (ubuthathaka)
• Ukuncipha kombono wecala
• Ukudinwa okulula
• Ukuphakama okugqithileyo (xa ukuveliswa okungaphezulu kwe-GH kuqala ebuntwaneni)
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukwandiswa kwentliziyo, enokubangela ukuba uphelelwe ngamandla
• Ukurhabaxa
• Intlungu yomhlathi
• Intlungu edibeneyo, ukunyakaza okuhlangeneyo, ukuvuvukala kweendawo zebony ezijikeleze idibeneyo
• Amathambo amakhulu obuso, umhlathi omkhulu nolwimi, amazinyo abanzi kakhulu
• Iinyawo ezinkulu (tshintsha ubungakanani besihlangu), izandla ezinkulu (tshintsha iringi okanye ubungakanani beglavu)
• Amadlala amakhulu kulusu (amadlala asebusweni) abangela ulusu olunamafutha, ukuqina kolusu, iithegi zolusu (ukukhula)
• Ukulala ngokuphefumla
• Yandisa iminwe okanye iinzwane, ngokudumba, ukuba bomvu kunye nentlungu

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kwesi sifo:

• Iicolyp polyps
• Ukukhula okungaphezulu kweenwele kwabafazi (hirsutism)
• Igazi elonyukayo
• Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile
• Ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid
• Ukutyeba kwakho

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu zakho.

Ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zinoku-odolwa ukuqinisekisa isifo se-acromegaly kunye nokujonga iingxaki:

• Iswekile yegazi
• Ukukhula kwehomoni kunye novavanyo lokukhula kwehommone yokukhula
• Ukukhula okufana ne-insulin 1 (IGF-1)
• IProlactin
• Umqolo x-ray
• I-MRI yengqondo, kubandakanya ne-pituitary gland
• Echocardiogram
• Colonoscopy
• Ukulala ufunda

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuyalelwa ukuba luqwalasele ukuba ingaba le ndlala isebenzayo ngesiqhelo.

Ugqirha lokususa i-pituitary tumor ebangela ukuba le meko ihlale ilungisa i-GH engaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha, ithumba likhulu kakhulu ukuba lingasuswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye i-acromegaly ayinyangeki. Kule meko, amayeza kunye nemitha (i-radiotherapy) inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-acromegaly.

Abanye abantu abanamathumba ekunzima kakhulu ukuba basuswe ngotyando baphathwa ngamayeza endaweni yotyando. La mayeza anokuthintela ukuveliswa kwe-GH kwi-pituitary gland okanye kuthintele isenzo se-GH kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Emva konyango, kuya kufuneka ubone umboneleli wakho rhoqo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba i-pituitary gland isebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo kwaye i-acromegaly ayibuyi. Uvavanyo lonyaka luyacetyiswa.

Ezi zixhobo zinokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwi-acromegaly:

• IZiko leLizwe leSwekile kunye nokuGaya kunye neZifo zeZintso- www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/acromegaly
• Umbutho weSizwe weengxaki zoRare-rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/acromegaly

Utyando lwe-pituitary luyaphumelela kuninzi lwabantu, kuxhomekeka kubungakanani besisu kunye namava e-neurosurgeon enezidumba zepituitary.

Ngaphandle kwonyango, iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu. Iimeko ezinje ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, isifo seswekile, kunye nesifo sentliziyo zinokubangela.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Unempawu ze-acromegaly
• Iimpawu zakho aziphucuki kunyango

I-Acromegaly ayinakunqandwa. Unyango lwakwangoko lunokuthintela ukuba isifo singabi mbi kwaye luncede ukunqanda iingxaki.

Somatotroph adenoma; Ukukhula kwehomoni ukugqitha; Ukukhula kwehomoni kwimfihlo ye-pituitary adenoma; Indawo enkulu yebhinqa (ebuntwaneni)

• Amadlala endocrine

UKatznelson L, iMithetho ye-ER Jr, iMelmed S, et al. I-Acromegaly: isikhokelo sonyango esikwi-endocrine. J Ikliniki ye-Endocrinol Metab. Ngo-2014; 99 (11): 3933-3951. IINKCUKACHA: 25356808 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25356808.

Klein I. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-Endocrine kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Ku: Mann DL, Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahl 81.

UMelmed S. Acromegaly. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 12.