Yintoni umkhuhlane weentaka, iimpawu, unyango kunye nosulelo

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
• Kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni ukuthintela

Umkhuhlane weAvian sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane umkhuhlane A,yohlobo lwe-H5N1, enqabileyo ichaphazela abantu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho intsholongwane inokudlulela ebantwini, ibangele iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, njengomkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, ukukhohlela owomileyo kunye nempumlo. Olu hlobo lomkhuhlane lunokubangela iingxaki ezinobuzaza, njengokuphefumla nzima, inyumoniya kunye nokopha.

Umkhuhlane weAvian awusasazwa usuka komnye umntu uye komnye, usasazeka ikakhulu ngokudibana neentaka ezisulelwe yile ntsholongwane, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenyama evela kwiinkukhu, iinkukhu, amadada okanye iiturkey. Ke ngoko, ukuthintela ukuqala komkhuhlane weentaka, amanyathelo afana nokupheka inyama yenkukhu ngaphambi kokutya kunye nokuphepha ukudibana nalo naluphi na uhlobo lweentaka, ezifana namahobe, umzekelo, ayimfuneko.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu zomkhuhlane wentaka ebantwini zivela malunga neentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kokudibana okanye ukungenisa inyama kuhlobo oluthile lweentaka ezosulelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala ezifanayo nezo zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo kwaye zibonakala ngequbuliso, ezinje:

• Umqala obuhkungu;
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu, ongaphezu kwama-38ºC;
• Ubuhlungu bomzimba;
• Ukugula ngokubanzi;
• Ukukhohlela owomileyo;
• Ukugodola;
• Ubuthathaka;
• Ukuthimla nokukhupha impumlo;
• Intlungu zesisu.

Kunokubakho nokopha ezimpumlweni okanye kwiintsini kwaye ukuxilongwa kuqinisekiswa kuphela ngugqirha ngokubanzi kuvavanyo lwegazi kunye swabimpumlo, nokuqokelelwa kweemfihlo ezivela empumlweni ukuqinisekisa uhlobo lwentsholongwane ebangela usulelo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-avian influenza kufuneka luboniswe ngugqirha oqhelekileyo kwaye luqulathe ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza e-analgesic ukunciphisa iintlungu, i-antipyretics yokulawula umkhuhlane kwaye kwimeko apho umntu egabha, amayeza okunyanzeliswa sisicaphucaphu okanye ukufumana i-serum ngqo anokucetyiswa nasemthanjeni yokuhambisa amanzi. Jonga amanye amayeza aboniswe sisicaphucaphu nokugabha.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha unokuyalela amachiza antiviral kwiiyure zokuqala ezingama-48 emva kokuqala kweempawu, ezinokuba yi-oseltamivir kunye ne-zanamivir, ezisetyenziselwa ukunceda umzimba ukulwa nentsholongwane yomkhuhlane wentaka. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awaboniswanga kolu hlobo lwesifo, kuba into ebangela umkhuhlane wentaka ziintsholongwane hayi ibhaktiriya.

Umkhuhlane weAvian uyanyangeka, kodwa xa uchaphazela abantu, ihlala iyinto enzima efuna ukhathalelo olukhawulezileyo esibhedlele, ke xa kukho into ekurhanelwa ukuba iyangcoliseka, kubalulekile ukuba ufune iinkonzo zonyango esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka

Emva kokosulelwa yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane wentaka, umntu uya kuphuhlisa eyona fomu ilula, njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ezinje ngokuphefumla nzima okanye inyumoniya, umzekelo, zinokuvela. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zenyumoniya.

Abantu abanokuba nezona ngxaki zininzi ngabantwana, abantu abadala kunye nabantu abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka kuba imizimba yabo ithatha ixesha elide ukuba isabele kwaye ilwe nentsholongwane. Ke, ukuba baneentsholongwane, kufuneka balaliswe ukuze bafumane unyango olufanelekileyo esibhedlele.

Kwenzeka njani ukuhambisa

Ukudluliselwa kwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane wentaka ebantwini yinto enqabileyo, kodwa inokwenzeka ngokudibana neentsiba, ilindle okanye umchamo wolunye uhlobo lweentaka ezosulelekileyo okanye nangokuphefumla uthuli oluqulathe amasuntswana amancinci emfihlo yesilwanyana okanye ukungenisa inyama. iintaka zingabangela olu hlobo lomkhuhlane.

Ukongeza, ukusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye akuqhelekanga, kunamatyeli ambalwa kule meko, nangona kunjalo, le ntsholongwane iyakwazi ukutshintsha idlule isuka komnye umntu iye komnye ngokudibana nemfihlo okanye amathontsi ukusuka ethimla kunye nokukhohlela.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni ukuthintela

Ukuthintela umkhuhlane weentaka, amanye amanyathelo ayimfuneko, anje ngala:

• Gwema ukudibana ngqo nezilwanyana ezosulelekileyo;
• Soloko unxibe iibhutsi zerabha kunye neiglavu xa unyanga iintaka, uthatha lonke ukhathalelo lwezempilo olufunekayo.
• Musa ukubamba iintaka ezifileyo okanye ezigulayo;
• Musa ukudibana neendawo ezinengqatha yeentaka zasendle;
• Yitya inyama yenkukhu ephekwe kakuhle;
• Hlamba izandla emva kokuphatha inyama yenkukhu eluhlaza.

Kwimeko apho kurhanelwa ukuba isilwanyana singcolisekile okanye ukuba kufunyenwe iintaka ezifileyo, nxibelelana nokuqwalaselwa kwezempilo ukuze kuhlolwe.