Uthini umahluko phakathi kwe-HDL kunye ne-LDL Cholesterol?

Umxholo

• I-HDL xa ithelekiswa ne-cholesterol yeLDL
• Wazi amanani akho
• Iimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu
• Ungayinyanga njani i-cholesterol ephezulu
• Impembelelo yokutya
• Imbonakalo
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Ushwankathelo

Ikholesterol ihlala ifumana i-bum rap, kodwa iyafuneka ukuze umzimba wakho usebenze ngokufanelekileyo. Umzimba wakho usebenzisa icholesterol ukwenza iihomoni kunye nevithamin D, kunye nenkxaso yokwetyisa. Isibindi sakho sivelisa i-cholesterol eyaneleyo yokusingatha le misebenzi, kodwa umzimba wakho awufumani nje i-cholesterol kwisibindi sakho. Icholesterol ikukutya okufana nenyama, ubisi kunye neenkukhu. Ukuba utya okuninzi koku kutya, amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol anokuba phezulu kakhulu.

I-HDL xa ithelekiswa ne-cholesterol yeLDL

Zimbini iintlobo eziphambili ze-cholesterol: uxinizelelo oluphezulu lwe-lipoprotein (HDL) kunye ne-low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Iiploproteins zenziwe ngamanqatha kunye neeproteni. Ikholesterol ihamba emzimbeni wakho ngelixa ingaphakathi kwepopoproteins.

I-HDL yaziwa ngokuba yi "cholesterol elungileyo" kuba ihambisa i-cholesterol kwisibindi sakho ukuba ikhutshwe emzimbeni wakho. I-HDL inceda ukususa umzimba wakho kwi-cholesterol engaphezulu kangangokuba akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba uphele kwimithambo yakho.

I-LDL ibizwa ngokuba yi "cholesterol embi" kuba ithatha i-cholesterol kwimithambo yakho, apho inokuqokelela khona kwiindonga zemithambo. I-cholesterol eninzi kwimithambo yakho ingakhokelela ekwakhiweni kweplati eyaziwa ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi kwimithambo yakho. Ukuba iqabunga legazi liyaphuka lize livimbe umthambo entliziyweni yakho okanye kwingqondo, unokuba noqhenqa okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Ukwakhiwa kweplaque kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi kunye neoksijini kwizitho eziphambili. Ukuncitshiswa kweoksijini kumalungu akho okanye kwimithambo yegazi kunokubangela isifo sezintso okanye isifo se-arterial isifo, ukongeza kwisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha.

Wazi amanani akho

Ngokuka, ngaphezulu kwama-31 epesenti yabantu baseMelika bane-cholesterol ephezulu ye-LDL. Usenokungayazi nokuba ngenxa yokuba icholesterol ephezulu ayibangeli zimpawu zibonakalayo.

Ekuphela kwendlela yokufumanisa ukuba i-cholesterol yakho iphezulu luvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa i-cholesterol kwiimiligram nge-desilitha yegazi (mg / dL). Xa uhlola iinombolo zakho ze-cholesterol, uya kufumana iziphumo ze:

• I-cholesterol yegazi iyonke: Oku kubandakanya i-HDL yakho, i-LDL, kunye neepesenti ezingama-20 ze-triglycerides yakho iyonke.
• I-Triglycerides: Eli nani kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-150 mg / dL. I-Triglycerides luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwamafutha. Ukuba ii-triglycerides zakho ziphezulu kwaye i-LDL yakho nayo iphezulu okanye i-HDL yakho isezantsi, usengozini yokuba ne-atherosclerosis.
• I-HDL: Ephakamileyo eli nani, ngcono. Kuya kufuneka ubuncinci ngaphezulu kwe-55 mg / dL yabasetyhini kunye ne-45 mg / dL yamadoda.
• I-LDL: Ezantsi eli nani, ngcono. Akufanele ibe ngaphezulu kwe-130 mg / dL ukuba awunaso isifo sentliziyo, isifo semithambo yegazi, okanye isifo seswekile. Akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwe-100 mg / dL ukuba unayo nayiphi na loo miqathango okanye i-cholesterol ephezulu.

Iimbangela ze-cholesterol ephezulu

Indlela yokuphila enokubangela i-cholesterol ephezulu yile:

• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukutya okuphezulu kwinyama ebomvu, iimveliso ezinobisi ezinamafutha apheleleyo, amafutha agcweleyo, amafutha athambileyo, kunye nokutya okucutshungulwayo
• isangqa esinqeni esikhulu (ngaphezulu kweesentimitha ezingama-40 zamadoda okanye ngaphezulu kwee-intshi ezingama-35 kwabasetyhini)
• ukungabikho kokwenza umthambo rhoqo

Ngokuka-a, abantu abatshayayo bahlala bene-cholesterol esezantsi ye-HDL kunabo bangatshayiyo. Uphando lubonisa ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunyusa i-HDL. Ukuba uyatshaya, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neenkqubo zokuyeka ukutshaya okanye ezinye iindlela onokuzisebenzisa ukuyeka ukutshaya.

Akucaci ukuba uxinzelelo ngqo lubangela i-cholesterol ephezulu. Uxinzelelo olungalawulwayo lunokukhokelela ekuziphatheni okunokunyusa i-LDL kunye ne-cholesterol iyonke njengokutya ukutya okunamafutha, ukungasebenzi, kunye nokunyuka kokutshaya.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-LDL ephezulu izuzwa njengelifa. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypercholesterolemia yosapho (FH). I-FH ibangelwa kukutshintsha kwemfuza okuchaphazela ukubanakho kwesibindi somntu sokulahla i-cholesterol engaphezulu ye-LDL. Oku kunokukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-LDL kunye nomngcipheko owandileyo wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala ebutsheni.

Ungayinyanga njani i-cholesterol ephezulu

Ukunyanga i-cholesterol ephezulu, oogqirha bahlala becebisa olu tshintsho kwindlela yokuphila:

• ukuyeka ukutshaya
• ukutya ukutya okusempilweni
• ukuzilolonga rhoqo
• ukunciphisa uxinzelelo

Ngamanye amaxesha utshintsho lwendlela yokuphila alwanelanga, ngakumbi ukuba unayo i-FH. Unokufuna enye okanye ngaphezulu amayeza anje ngala:

• statins ukunceda isibindi sakho siphume ngecholesterol
• Amayeza okubopha i-bile-acid ukunceda umzimba wakho usebenzise i-cholesterol eyongezelelweyo ukuvelisa i-bile
• i-cholesterol absorption inhibitors ukukhusela amathumbu akho amancinci ekufunxeni i-cholesterol kwaye uyikhuphele kwigazi lakho
• iyeza elenza ukuba isibindi sakho sithathe i-cholesterol engaphezulu ye-LDL

Amachiza kunye nezongezo zokunciphisa amanqanaba e-triglyceride anokusetyenziswa njenge-niacin (Niacor), i-omega-3 fatty acids, kunye ne-fibrate.

Impembelelo yokutya

Umbutho wentliziyo yaseMelika ucebisa ukuba utye oku kutya ukunceda ukunciphisa i-cholesterol iyonke kunye nokunyusa i-HDL:

• Uluhlu lweziqhamo kunye nemifuno
• amazimba
• Iinkuku ezingenalusu, inyama yehagu engenamafutha, kunye nenyama ebomvu ebomvu
• Iintlanzi ezibhakiweyo okanye ezinamafutha afana nesalmon, ityhuna, okanye isardadi
• imbewu engenatyuwa, amandongomane kunye nemidumba
• imifuno okanye iioyile zomnquma

Oku kutya kunokunyusa i-cholesterol ye-LDL kwaye kufuneka kuthintelwe okanye kunqabe ukutya:

• inyama ebomvu enganqunqwanga
• ukutya okuthosiweyo
• Izinto ezibhakiweyo ezenziwe ngamafutha atshintshisiweyo okanye amafutha anelisiweyo
• iimveliso ezinobisi ezinamafutha apheleleyo
• ukutya ngeoyile ene-hydrogenated
• iioyile zetropiki

Imbonakalo

I-cholesterol ephezulu inokuchaphazela.Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi sisilumkiso. Ukufumanisa ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu akuthethi ukuba uya kuba nesifo sentliziyo okanye ubethwe si-stroke, kodwa kusafanele kuthathwe nzulu.

Ukuba une-cholesterol ephezulu kwaye wenza ngokunciphisa, umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha kuya kuncipha. Amanyathelo okuphila anceda ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ikwaxhasa impilo yakho iphela.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Awusoze umncinci kakhulu ukuba ungacinga ngokuthintela i-cholesterol ephezulu. Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni linyathelo lokuqala elibalulekileyo. Nazi ezinye iinguqu onokuzenza namhlanje:

• Ukutshintsha ipasta yesiko kunye nepasta yengqolowa epheleleyo, kunye nerayisi emhlophe kunye nerayisi emdaka.
• Isaladi zokunxiba ngeoyile yeoyile kunye nokutshiza incindi yelamuni endaweni yokunxiba isaladi enamafutha.
• Yitya iintlanzi ezininzi. Nika ubuncinci iinkonzo zentlanzi ezimbini ngeveki.
• Ukutshintsha isoda okanye incindi yeziqhamo ngamanzi e-seltzer okanye amanzi acocekileyo afakwe iziqwenga zeziqhamo ezintsha.
• Bhaka inyama kunye neenkukhu endaweni yokutya inyama.
• Sebenzisa i-yogurt yamafutha asezantsi endaweni yekhilimu emuncu. I-yogurt yamaGrike inencasa efanayo yetart.
• Khetha ukutya okuziinkozo okuziinkozo endaweni yeentlobo zeswekile. Zama ukuwafaka ngesinamoni endaweni yeswekile.