I-HER2-Positive Cancer Breast Survival Rates kunye nezinye iZibalo

Umxholo

• Athini amazinga okusinda?
• Kukuthini ukuxhaphaka komhlaza webele we-HER2?
• Ngaba umhlaza webele we-HER2 unokuphinda uphinde?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?
• Ugqirha
• Imitha
• Unyango ngamayeza
• Unyango ekujoliswe kulo
• I-Trastuzumab (iHerceptin)
• I-Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (iKadcyla)
• INeratinib (iNerlynx)
• IPertuzumab (iPerjeta)
• ILapatinib (iTykerb)
• Yintoni imbono?

Yintoni umhlaza webele we-HER2?

Umhlaza wamabele ayisosifo esinye. Ngokwenene liqela lezifo. Xa uxilonga umhlaza wamabele, elinye lamanyathelo okuqala kukuchonga ukuba loluphi uhlobo onalo. Uhlobo lomhlaza wamabele lubonelela ngolwazi oluphambili malunga nokuba umhlaza unokuziphatha njani.

Xa unesifuba sebele, izicubu ziyavavanywa kwii-hormone receptors (HR). Ikwavavanywa kwakhona kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-human epidermal factor factor receptor 2 (HER2). Ngamnye unokuzibandakanya kuphuhliso lomhlaza wamabele.

Kwezinye iingxelo zezifo, i-HER2 ibizwa ngokuba yi-HER2 / neu okanye i-ERBB2 (Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2). Iihormone receptors zichongiwe njenge-estrogen (ER) kunye neprogesterone (PR).

Uhlobo lwe-HER2 lwenza ii-HER2 protein, okanye ii-receptors. Ezi receptors zinceda ukulawula ukukhula kunye nokulungiswa kweeseli zamabele. Uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lweprotheni ye-HER2 lubangela ukulawulwa kwakhona kweeseli zamabele ngaphandle kolawulo.

I-HER2-inomdlavuza wesifo somhlaza uhlala unomdla kune-HER2-negative cancer cancer. Kunye nebakala le-tumor kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, imeko ye-HR kunye ne-HER2 inceda ukumisela ukhetho lwakho lonyango.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nomhlaza webele we-HER2-nento onokuyilindela.

Athini amazinga okusinda?

Ngeli xesha, akukho phando luthile malunga namanqanaba okusinda komhlaza webele we-HER2 kuphela. Izifundo ezikhoyo ngoku kumanqanaba okusinda komhlaza wamabele zisebenza kuzo zonke iintlobo.

Ngokwe-National Cancer Institute (i-NCI), la ngama-5 eminyaka yokusinda kwesihlobo kwabasetyhini abafunyaniswe phakathi ko-2009 no-2015:

• Ibekwe kwindawo: iipesenti ezingama-98.8
• yengingqi: iipesenti ezingama-85.5
• kude (okanye i-metastatic): iipesenti ezingama-27.4
• onke amanqanaba adibeneyo: iipesenti ezingama-89.9

Kubalulekile ukuba ukhumbule ukuba ezi ziinkcukacha manani zizonke. Amanani okusinda ixesha elide asekwe kubantu abafunyaniswa kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, kodwa unyango luyatshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Xa ujonga indlela ojonga ngayo, ugqirha wakho kufuneka ahlalutye izinto ezininzi. Phakathi kwazo kukho:

• Inqanaba lokufumanisa isifo: Imbonakalo ibhetele xa umhlaza wamabele ungakhange usasazeke ngaphandle kwebele okanye usasazeke kuphela kwingingqi ekuqaleni konyango. Umhlaza webele we-Metastatic, ongumhlaza osasazeke kwiindawo ezikude, kunzima ukunyanga.
• Ubungakanani kunye nenqanaba le-tumor yokuqala: Oku kubonisa indlela umhlaza onobukrakra ngayo.
• Ukubandakanyeka kwe-lymph node: Umhlaza unokusasazeka ukusuka kwiindawo nkovu ukuya kwizitho ezikude kunye nezicubu.
• Isimo se-HR kunye ne-HER2: Unyango ekujoliswe kulo lungasetyenziselwa i-HR-positive kunye ne-HER2-positive cancer cancer.
• Impilo iyonke: Eminye imiba yezempilo inokulwenza nzima unyango.
• Impendulo kunyango: Kunzima ukuqikelela ukuba unyango oluthile luya kusebenza okanye luvelise iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
• Ubudala: Abasetyhini abancinci kunye nabangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-60 bathambekele ekubeni nembono embi kunabasetyhini abaneminyaka ephakathi, ngaphandle kwabo banesigaba somhlaza webele wesi-3.

E-United States, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-41,000 yabasetyhini abaza kufa ngumhlaza wamabele kwi-2019.

Kukuthini ukuxhaphaka komhlaza webele we-HER2?

Phantse iipesenti ezili-12 zabasetyhini eUnited States baya kuhlakulela umdlavuza webele ongenayo ngexesha elithile. Nabani na, nkqu namadoda, angahlakulela umhlaza webele we-HER2. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ichaphazele abafazi abancinci. Malunga neepesenti ezingama-25 zazo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza webele zine-HER2-positive.

Ngaba umhlaza webele we-HER2 unokuphinda uphinde?

Umhlaza webele we-HER2 unobundlobongela obuninzi kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba uphinde uphinde ube nomhlaza wesifuba se-HER2. Ukuphindaphinda kunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha, kodwa kuhlala kwenzeka kwisithuba seminyaka emi-5 yonyango.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuphindeka kunqabile namhlanje kunangaphambili. Oku ikakhulu kungenxa yonyango ekujoliswe kulo kutshanje. Ngapha koko, uninzi lwabantu lunyangwe kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele we-HER2 awuphindi ubuye.

Ukuba umhlaza wakho webele ukwanayo ne-HR-positive, unyango lwehomoni lunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindeka.

Isimo se-HR kunye nenqanaba le-HER2 linokutshintsha. Ukuba umhlaza wamabele ubuyela kwakhona, kufuneka kuvavanywe ithumba elitsha ukuze unyango lungaqwalaselwa kwakhona.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Isicwangciso sakho sonyango siya kubandakanya indibaniselwano yonyango enje:

• utyando
• imitha
• ichemotherapy
• unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Unyango lweHormone lunokuba lukhetho kubantu abanomhlaza okwaziyo ukuba yi-HR.

Ugqirha

Ubungakanani, indawo, kunye nenani lamathumba kunceda ukumisela isidingo sotyando lokugcina isifuba okanye imastectomy, kunye nokuba zisuswe ii-lymph node.

Imitha

Ukunyanga ngemitha kunokujolisa nakweyiphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuhlala emva kotyando. Ingasetyenziselwa ukuncipha amathumba.

Unyango ngamayeza

I-Chemotherapy yinkqubo yonyango. Iziyobisi ezinamandla zinokukhangela zitshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza naphina emzimbeni. Umhlaza webele we-HER2 ngokuqinisekileyo uphendula kakuhle kwi-chemotherapy.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo

Ukunyanga okujoliswe kuko komhlaza webele we-HER2 kubandakanya:

I-Trastuzumab (iHerceptin)

I-Trastuzumab inceda iibhloko zomhlaza ekufumaneni imiqondiso yeekhemikhali ezikhuthaza ukukhula.

Uphononongo luka-2014 lwabasetyhini abangaphezu kwama-4,000 lwabonisa ukuba i-trastuzumab inciphise kakhulu ukuphindaphinda kunye nokuphucula ukusinda xa kongezwa kwi-chemotherapy kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele we-HER2. Inkqubo ye-chemotherapy ibandakanya i-paclitaxel emva kwe-doxorubicin kunye ne-cyclophosphamide.

Inqanaba lokusinda kweminyaka eli-10 lenyuka ukusuka kwiipesenti ezingama-75.2 ngechemotherapy kuphela ukuya kwiipesenti ezingama-84 ngokudibanisa itrastuzumab. Amaxabiso okusinda ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda aqhubeka nokuphucula. Izinga lokusinda elingenasifo lineminyaka eli-10 lenyuka ukusuka kwiipesenti ezingama-62.2 ukuya kwiipesenti ezingama-73.7.

I-Ado-trastuzumab emtansine (iKadcyla)

Eli chiza lidibanisa i-trastuzumab kunye nechiza le-chemotherapy elibizwa ngokuba yi-emtansine. I-Trastuzumab ihambisa i-emtansine ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza ze-HER2. Ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa izicubu kunye nokwandisa ukuhlala kwabasetyhini abanomdlavuza webele we-metastatic.

INeratinib (iNerlynx)

I-Neratinib lunyango olunyanga olusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lokuqala lomhlaza webele we-HER2. Inikwa abantu abadala abasele beyigqibile irejimeni yonyango ebandakanya i-trastuzumab. Injongo ye-neratinib kukunciphisa ukubakho kokuphindaphinda.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luhlala lusebenza ngaphandle kweseli ukuthintela imiqondiso yekhemikhali ekhuthaza ukukhula kwethumba. I-Neratinib, kwelinye icala, ichaphazela umqondiso wamachiza ngaphakathi kweseli.

IPertuzumab (iPerjeta)

I-Pertuzumab sisiyobisi esisebenza njenge-trastuzumab. Nangona kunjalo, incamathela kwicandelo elahlukileyo le-HER2 protein.

ILapatinib (iTykerb)

I-Lapatinib ibhloka iiproteni ezibangela ukukhula okungalawulwayo kweseli. Inokukunceda ukulibazisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo xa umhlaza webele we-metastatic unganyangeki kwi-trastuzumab.

Yintoni imbono?

Ngokwengqikelelo, ngaphezulu kwesigidi se-3.1 sabasetyhini e-United States banembali yomhlaza wamabele.

Umbono womhlaza webele we-HER2 uhluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Inkqubela phambili kunyango ekujolise kuyo iyaqhubeka nokuphucula imeko yamanqanaba okuqala kunye nesifo se-metastatic.

Nje ukuba unyango lomhlaza webele olungagungqiyo luphele, usazodinga ukuvavanywa rhoqo kwempawu zokuphindeka. Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango ziya kuphucuka ngokuhamba kwexesha, kodwa ezinye (ezinje ngemicimbi yokuzala) zinokuhlala ngokusisigxina.

Umhlaza webele we-Metastatic awuthathwa njengonyango. Unyango lunokuqhubeka ngokude lusebenze. Ukuba unyango oluthile luyeka ukusebenza, ungatshintshela kolunye.