Umhlaza webele we-HER2-Positive vs HER2-Negative Breast: Ithetha Ntoni Kum?

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-HER2?
• Ithetha ntoni i-H2-positive?
• Ithetha ntoni i-H2-negative?
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-HER2
• Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-HER2-positive
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Ukuba wena okanye umntu obathandayo ufumene isifo somhlaza wamabele, usenokuba ulivile igama elithi "HER2." Unokuzibuza ukuba kuthetha ntoni ukuba ne-HER2-positive okanye i-HER2-negative cancer cancer.

Isimo sakho se-HER2, kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza wakho womhlaza, sinceda ukumisela isifo somhlaza wakho webele. Isimo sakho se-HER2 sinokukunceda ukumisela ukuba ungakanani na umhlaza. Ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa olu lwazi ukuvavanya unyango lwakho.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kuye kwakho inkqubela ebonakalayo kunyango lwe-HER2-positive cancer cancer. Oku kubangele imbonakalo engcono kubantu abanolu hlobo lwesifo.

Yintoni i-HER2?

I-HER2 imele ukukhula kwe-epidermal factor factor receptor 2. Iiprotheyini ze-HER2 ziyafumaneka kumphezulu weeseli zamabele. Bayabandakanyeka ekukhuleni kweseli okuqhelekileyo kodwa banokuba "noxinzelelo olukhulu." Oku kuthetha ukuba amanqanaba eprotheni aphezulu kunesiqhelo.

I-HER2 yafunyanwa kwiminyaka yee-1980. Abaphandi bazimisele ukuba ubukho beeprotheyini ezininzi ze-HER2 zinokubangela ukuba umhlaza ukhule kwaye usasaze ngokukhawuleza. Oku kufunyenweyo kukhokelele kuphando malunga nokucutha okanye ukutshintsha ukukhula kwezi ntlobo zeeseli zomhlaza.

Ithetha ntoni i-H2-positive?

Iimpawu zomhlaza webele ze-HER2 zinamanqanaba aphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga iiproteni ze-HER2. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iiseli zande ngokukhawuleza. Ukuzala okugqithisileyo kunokubangela umhlaza webele okhula ngokukhawuleza onokuthi usasazeke.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-25 zamatyala omhlaza webele ane-HER2-positive.

Kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo, inkqubela phambili ebonakalayo yenziwe kukhetho lonyango lomhlaza webele one-HER2.

Ithetha ntoni i-H2-negative?

Ukuba iiseli zomhlaza wamabele azinawo amanqanaba angaqhelekanga eeproteni ze-HER2, umhlaza wamabele uthathwa njenge-HER2-negative. Ukuba umhlaza wakho une-HER2-negative, isenokuba yi-estrogen- okanye iprogesterone-positive. Nokuba ngaba ichaphazela ukhetho lwakho lonyango.

Ukuvavanywa kwe-HER2

Uvavanyo olunokumisela imeko ye-HER2 lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-immunohistochemistry (IHC)
• Uvavanyo lwe-in hybridization (ISH)

Kukho iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ze-IHC kunye ne-ISH ezivunyiweyo kuLawulo lokuTya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi. Kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukunyanzeliswa kwe-HER2 kuba iziphumo ziya kugqiba ukuba ngaba uya kuzuza kumayeza athile.

Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-HER2-positive

Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30, abaphandi bebefunda umhlaza webele we-HER2 kunye neendlela zokuwunyanga. Iziyobisi ekujoliswe kuzo ngoku ziyitshintshile imbonakalo yenqanaba loku-1 ukuya kwelesi-3 somhlaza wamabele ukusuka kokungalunganga ukuya kokulungileyo.

I-trastuzumab ekujoliswe kuyo (i-Herceptin), xa isetyenziswa kunye ne-chemotherapy, iphucule umbono wabo banesifo somhlaza webele se-HER2.

Okokuqala kwabonisa ukuba olu dibana lonyango luyekisa ukukhula komhlaza webele we-HER2 ongcono kunokhemotherapy kuphela. Kweminye, ukusetyenziswa kwe-Herceptin nge-chemotherapy kubangele uxolelo oluhlala ixesha elide.

Izifundo zamva nje ziye zaqhubeka nokubonisa ukuba unyango ngo-Herceptin ukongeza kwi-chemotherapy luphucule umbono wabo bonke abanesifo somhlaza webele we-HER2. Kuhlala kunyango oluphambili lomhlaza webele we-HER2.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ipertuzumab (Perjeta) inokongezwa ngokudibeneyo neHerceptin. Oku kunokucetyiswa kwii-cancer ze-HER2-positive kumngcipheko ophezulu wokuphindaphinda, njengesiqendu 2 nangaphezulu, okanye kwiintsholongwane ezisasazeke kwii-lymph nodes.

I-Neratinib (i-Nerlynx) lelinye ichiza elinokucetyiswa emva konyango kunye ne-Herceptin kwiimeko ezinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphindaphinda.

Kwii-cancer ze-HER2-positive ezinomhlaza we-estrogen- kunye ne-progesterone-positive, unyango olunonyango lwe-hormonal lunokucetyiswa. Olunye unyango olujolise kwi-HER2 luyafumaneka kwabo banomhlaza webele osele uqhubekile okanye we-metastatic.

Imbonakalo

Ukuba ufumene isifo somhlaza webele ongenayo, ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya imeko yakho yomhlaza we-HER2. Iziphumo zovavanyo ziya kugqiba kwezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokunyanga umhlaza wakho.

Uphuhliso olutsha kunyango lomhlaza webele we-HER2 luphucule imbonakalo yabantu abakule meko. Uphando luyaqhubeka kunyango olutsha, kwaye imbonakalo yabantu abanomhlaza wamabele iyaqhubeka ukuphucula.

Ukuba ufumana ukuxilongwa komhlaza webele we-HER-HIV, funda konke onako kwaye uthethe ngokukhululekileyo malunga nemibuzo yakho nogqirha wakho.