Yintoni i-hypokalemia, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zehypokalemia
• Izizathu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Hypokalaemia, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hypokalemia, yimeko apho kufumaneka inani eliphantsi le-potassium egazini, enokubangela ubuthathaka bemisipha, iicramps kunye notshintsho ekubetheni kwentliziyo, umzekelo, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwe-laxatives, ukugabha rhoqo okanye njengesiphumo sokusebenzisa amayeza athile.

I-Potassium yi-electrolyte enokufumaneka ngokulula kukutya okwahlukeneyo, okufana neebhanana, iimbewu zethanga, ijusi yeorenji kunye neminqathe, umzekelo, kwaye kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwezihlunu kunye nokuhanjiswa kweempembelelo zemithambo-luvo. Ukuxinana okuphantsi kwale electrolyte egazini kunokubangela ezinye iimpawu kwaye kukhokelele kwiziphumo zexesha elide, ke kubalulekile ukuba i-hypokalemia ichongwe kwaye inyangwe ngokuchanekileyo ngokwesikhokelo sikagqirha. Funda kabanzi malunga ne potassium.

Iimpawu zehypokalemia

Ukwehla kwenani le potassium egazini kunokukhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu kunye neempawu, kuba le electrolyte ibalulekile kwimisebenzi eliqela emzimbeni. Iimpawu zinokwahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya emntwini kwaye nangokobungqongqo be-hypokalemia, nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Iicramps;
• Ukuncipha kwemisipha ngokungakhathali;
• Ubuthathaka rhoqo;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla;
• Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo;
• Ukukhubazeka, kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu.

Isixa esiqhelekileyo se potassium egazini siphakathi kwe-3.5 mEq / L kunye no-5.5 mEq / L, kwaye zinokwahluka phakathi kweelebhu. Ke, ixabiso lingaphantsi kwe-3.5 mEq / L uphawu lwehypokalemia.

Izizathu eziphambili

Izizathu eziphambili ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni i-potassium egazini zi:

• Ukugabha kunye norhudo, Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo zokunciphisa i-potassium egazini ngenxa yelahleko ngephecana lesisu;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amayeza, ezifana ne-insulin, i-salbutamol kunye ne-theophylline, umzekelo, njengoko zikhuthaza ukungena kwe-potassium kwiiseli, kunye nokuhla koxinzelelo lwayo egazini;
• Hyperthyroidism, apho kukho ukufuduka kwe potassium kwiiseli;
• Utshintsho kwiincindi zamadlala, kukhokelela ekwandeni kwemveliso ye-aldosterone, eyihomoni elawula ukulingana phakathi kwesodiyam kunye ne potassium kwaye xa iphakanyisiwe ikhetha ukupheliswa kwepotassium kumchamo, nto leyo ikhokelela kwihypokalemia;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwelaxatives rhoqo, kuba oko kunokukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nee-electrolyte kwaye, ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunokubangela iingxaki zezintso kunye nentliziyo;
• Isifo sikaCushingEsi sisifo esenzeka ngenxa yokwanda koxinzelelo lwe-cortisol egazini kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kukho ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwepotassium kumchamo, obangela i-hypokalemia.

Ukunqongophala kwe potassium egazini kunqabile kunxulunyaniswa nokutya, kuba ukutya okuninzi okutyiwa mihla le kunezixa ezaneleyo zepotassium. Yazi ukutya okune-potassium.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypokalemia kwenziwa kumlinganiso we potassium egazini nasemchameni, ukongeza kwi-electrocardiogram, kuba kusenokubakho utshintsho kwentliziyo. Kubalulekile ukuba i-hypokalemia ichongwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inyangwe, njengoko ukugxila okuphantsi kakhulu kwe-potassium egazini kunokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni kwemisipha kunye nokusilela kwezintso, umzekelo, kwaye le meko imbi kakhulu kubantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-potassium esezantsi egazini lwenziwa ngokwesizathu se-hypokalemia, iimpawu eziboniswa ngumntu kunye nokuxinana kwe-potassium egazini. Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha ucebisa ukuba kusetyenziswe isongezelelo somlomo wepotassium, ekufuneka isetyenziswe kumanani amancinci ngexesha lesidlo ukunqanda ukucaphuka kwenkqubo yamathumbu.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, kulapho i-potassium concentration ilingana okanye ngaphantsi kwe-2.0 mEq / L, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuhanjiswe i-potassium ngqo emthanjeni ukuze amanqanaba ale electrolyte alawulwe ngokukhawuleza. I-Potassium ikwaboniswa ngokuthe ngqo emthanjeni xa kukho utshintsho olukhulu kakhulu kwinqanaba lokubetha kwentliziyo okanye xa kusetyenziswa iziyobisi zomlomo, inqanaba le-potassium liyaqhubeka nokuhla.