Isebenza njani iGlucagon yokuNyanga iHypoglycemia? Iinyani kunye neengcebiso

Umxholo

• Isebenza njani i-glucagon
• IGlucagon kunye ne-insulin: Yintoni edibeneyo?
• Iindidi zeglucagon
• Nini ukujova iglucagon
• Ungayifaka njani i-glucagon
• Umthamo weGlucagon
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeglucagon
• Emva kokunika iglucagon
• Ukunyanga iswekile esezantsi yegazi xa i-glucagon ingafuneki
• Ukuthatha

Ushwankathelo

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unohlobo lweswekile 1, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uqhelekile ngeswekile esezantsi yegazi, okanye i-hypoglycemia. Ukubila, ukudideka, ukuba nesiyezi, kunye nokulamba kakhulu zezinye zeempawu kunye neempawu ezenzeka xa iswekile yegazi iyehla ingaphantsi kwe-70 mg / dL (4 mmol / L).

Uninzi lwexesha, umntu onesifo seswekile angazinyanga yedwa iswekile esegazini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayinyangwa ngokukhawuleza, iswekile esezantsi yegazi inokuba yimeko engxamisekileyo kwezonyango.

I-Hypoglycemia ithathwa njengengqwabalala xa iswekile yegazi lomntu iyehla kangangokuba bafuna uncedo komnye umntu ukubanceda bachache. Oku kunokubandakanya ukusebenzisa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-glucagon.

Isebenza njani i-glucagon

Isibindi sakho sigcina i-glucose eyongezelelweyo emzimbeni wakho kwiimeko xa iswekile yegazi yehla kakhulu. Ingqondo yakho ixhomekeke kwiglucose kumandla, ke kubalulekile ukuba lo mthombo wamandla wenziwe ufumaneke ngokukhawuleza.

IGlucagon yincindi yedlala eyenziwa kwiintshulube. Kumntu onesifo seswekile, i-glucagon yendalo ayisebenzi kakuhle. Iyeza leGlucagon linokunceda ukubangela isibindi ukuba sikhuphe iswekile egciniweyo.

Xa isibindi sakho sikhupha iswekile esiyigcinileyo, amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho anyuka ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba une-1 yeswekile, ugqirha unokucebisa ukuba uthenge ikiti yeglucagon kwimeko yesiqendu seswekile esezantsi yegazi. Xa umntu efumana iswekile esezantsi yegazi, bafuna omnye umntu ukuba abanike iglucagon.

IGlucagon kunye ne-insulin: Yintoni edibeneyo?

Emntwini ongenasifo seswekile, iihomoni insulin kunye neglucagon zisebenza kunye ukulawula ngokuqinileyo amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. I-insulin isebenza ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi kunye neglucagon ebangela isibindi ukuba sikhuphe iswekile egciniweyo ukuphakamisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Kumntu ongenasifo seswekile, ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin kuyayeka xa iswekile yegazi iyehla.

Kumntu onesifo seswekile esi-1, iiseli ezivelisa i-insulin emzimbeni ziyonakala, kungoko ke kufuneka i-insulin itofelwe kusetyenziswa inaliti okanye impompo ye-insulin. Omnye umceli mngeni kuhlobo 1 lweswekile kukuba ngaphakathi, iswekile esezantsi yegazi ayibangeli kukhutshwa kweglucagon eyaneleyo yokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo.

Kungenxa yoko le nto i-glucagon ifumaneka njengonyango lokunceda kwimeko ye-hypoglycemia enzima, xa umntu engakwazi ukuzinyanga. Iyeza leGlucagon libangela ukukhutshwa kweswekile kwisibindi ukunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, kanye njengoko kufanele ukuba kwenziwe ihomoni yendalo.

Iindidi zeglucagon

Okwangoku zimbini iintlobo zonyango lwe-glucagon enesitofu e-United States. Ezi zifumaneka kuphela ngommiselo:

• IGlucaGen HypoKit
• Ikhithi engxamisekileyo yeGlucagon

NgoJulayi 2019, i-FDA ivume i-glucagon powder yomlomo ebizwa. Yiyo kuphela ifom ye-glucagon ekhoyo ukunyanga i-hypoglycemia enzima engadingi ngenaliti. Ikwafumaneka kuphela ngommiselo.

Ukuba unamayeza e-glucagon, qiniseka ukujonga rhoqo umhla wokuphelelwa. I-Glucagon ilungile kwiinyanga ezingama-24 emva komhla wokwenziwa. Iglucagon kufuneka igcinwe kubushushu begumbi, kude nokukhanya ngqo.

Nini ukujova iglucagon

Xa umntu onesifo seswekile sokuqala engakwaziyo ukunyanga iswekile esezantsi yegazi, banokufuna iglucagon. Amayeza anokusetyenziswa xa umntu:

• ayiphenduli
• engekho zingqondweni
• ukwala ukusela okanye ukuginya umthombo weswekile ngomlomo

Ungaze uzame ukunyanzela umntu ukuba atye okanye asele umthombo weswekile kuba umntu angaminxa. Ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba usebenzisa i-glucagon, qaphela ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuba umntu adlule kwi-glucagon. Ngokubanzi, ukuba awuqinisekanga, kungcono ukuyinika.

Ungayifaka njani i-glucagon

Ukuba umntu uhlangabezana nesiqendu esiqatha se-hypoglycemic, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwinombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo ofumana kuyo uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko.

Ukunyanga i-hypoglycemia eqinile usebenzisa ikiti yeglucagon, landela la manyathelo:

1. Vula ikiti yeglucagon. Iya kuba nesirinji (inaliti) ezaliswe lulwelo olunetyuwa kunye nebhotile encinci yomgubo.Inaliti iya kuba nomphezulu wokukhusela kuyo.
2. Susa ikepusi kwibhotile yomgubo.
3. Susa inaliti yokukhusela ngaphezulu kwaye utyhale inaliti yonke indlela eya kwibhotile.
4. Push yonke i-saline engamanzi kwinaliti iye kwibhotile ye powder.
5. Yithi chu ngebhotile ide iye kunyibilika impuphu yeglucagon kwaye ulwelo lucacile.
6. Landela imiyalelo yedosi kwikhithi ukuzoba inani elichanekileyo lomxube we-glucagon kwinaliti.
7. Faka inaliti yeglucagon ngaphakathi kwethanga lomntu, ingalo ephezulu, okanye iimpundu. Kulungile ukujova ngelaphu.
8. Qengqa umntu ecaleni kwakhe, ubeke idolo lakhe phezulu kwi-engile (ngokungathi bayabaleka) ukubazinzisa. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba “yindawo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo.”

Ungaze unike umntu i-glucagon ngomlomo kuba ayizukusebenza.

Umthamo weGlucagon

Kuzo zombini ezi ntlobo ze-glucagon enesitofu yile:

• I-0.5 mL yesisombululo se-glucagon sabantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 nangaphantsi, okanye abantwana abanobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-44 lbs.
• Isisombululo se-1 mL glucagon, esingumxholo opheleleyo wekhithi yeglucagon, yabantwana abaneminyaka eyi-6 nangaphezulu kunye nabantu abadala

Uhlobo lwempumlo yempumlo yeglucagon iza kusetyenziswa idosi enye ye-3 mg.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeglucagon

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeglucagon zihlala zincinci. Abanye abantu banokufumana isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha emva kokusebenzisa inaliti yeglucagon.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kunokuba ziimpawu zehypoglycemia. Kunokuba nzima ukwazi ukuba umntu othile unefuthe lecala le-glucagon okanye uphawu oluhambelana ne-hypoglycemia ebukhali.

Ukongeza kwisicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha, iingxelo zokuba i-nasal glucagon inokubangela:

• Amehlo amanzi
• ukuxinana kwempumlo
• Ukucaphuka kwendlela ephezulu yokuphefumla

Ukuba iimpawu zesicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha kuthintela umntu ukuba angatyi okanye asele umthombo weswekile emva kokuba ebeneglucagon, funa unyango.

Emva kokunika iglucagon

Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwimizuzu eli-15 ukuba umntu avuke emva kokufumana i-glucagon. Ukuba abavuki emva kwemizuzu eli-15, badinga uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo. Banokufumana elinye idosi yeglucagon.

Nje ukuba bavuke, kufuneka:

• jonga amanqanaba eswekile yegazi
• Sebenzisa umthombo we-15 yeeshukela ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza, ezinje ngesoda okanye ijusi eneswekile, ukuba banokuginya ngokukhuselekileyo
• yitya isinekhi esincinci njengokuqhekeza netshizi, ubisi okanye ibha yegranola, okanye utye isidlo kungaphelanga iyure
• jonga amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ubuncinci ngeyure nganye kwiiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezine

Nabani na onamava eswekile yegazi ephantsi efuna unyango nge-glucagon kufuneka athethe nogqirha malunga nesiqendu. Kukwabalulekile ukufumana indawo yeglucagon endaweni yayo ngokukhawuleza.

Ukunyanga iswekile esezantsi yegazi xa i-glucagon ingafuneki

Ukuba iswekile esezantsi yegazi inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, ngekhe ihlale isezantsi ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingathathwa ngokuba inzima. I-Glucagon ifuneka kuphela kwiimeko ze-hypoglycemia enzima, xa umntu engakwazi ukunyanga imeko ngokwakhe.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntu onesifo seswekile anganyanga iswekile esezantsi yegazi eyedwa okanye ngoncedo oluncinci. Unyango kukutya iigram ezili-15 zee-carbohydrate ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza, ezinje:

• Juice indebe yejusi okanye isoda eneswekile (hayi ukutya)
• 1 icephe lobusi, isiraphu yengqolowa, okanye iswekile
• iipilisi zeswekile

Ukulandela unyango, kubalulekile ukuba ulinde imizuzu eli-15 emva koko uphinde uhlaziye amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho. Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile esegazini akho asezantsi, yitya enye i-15 yeecarbohydrate. Qhubeka nokwenza oku de iswekile yegazi lakho ibe ngaphezulu kwe-70 mg / dL (4 mmol / L).

Ukuthatha

Amatyala amaninzi e-hypoglycemia anokuzilawula, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzilungiselele. I-hypoglycemia enamandla kufuneka inyangwe nge-glucagon.

Unokucinga ngokunxiba i-ID yonyango. Kuya kufuneka uxelele abantu ochitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabo ukuba une-1 yeswekile kunye nalapho ungayifumana khona unyango lwe-glucagon.

Ukuphonononga amanyathelo okusebenzisa amayeza e-glucagon kunye nabanye kunokukunceda uzive ukhululekile kwixesha elide. Uya kwazi ukuba umntu unezakhono zokukunceda ukuba ukhe uzifune.