Zihlala ixesha elingakanani ii-apile?

Umxholo

• Zihlala ixesha elingakanani ii-apile?
• Uyiqala njani iApple
• Ungaxela njani ukuba iapile lihambile
• Umngcipheko wokutya ii-apile eziphelelwe lixesha
• Ungabunyusa njani ubomi beshelfulo bama-apile
• Umgca wezantsi

Iapile ebabazekayo kunye nejusi inokuba yinto emnandi yokutya.

Okwangoku, njengezinye iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ii-apile zihlala zihlala zintsha ixesha elide ngaphambi kokuba ziqale ezimbi.

Ngapha koko, ii-apile esele zigqithile kumhla wokuphelelwa kwazo zinokugqibela zingakhuselekanga ekutyeni, zisenza ukuba kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uxele njani xa zingasafunwa.

Eli nqaku livavanya ukuba ii-apile zihlala ixesha elingakanani, zeziphi izinto ezinempembelelo kubomi bethelf, kunye nento onokuyenza ukugcina ii-apile zintsha okoko kunokwenzeka.

Zihlala ixesha elingakanani ii-apile?

Ukuhlala ixesha elingakanani iapile lixhomekeke kakhulu ekuvunweni kwayo, ukuba igcinwe njani ukusukela ngelo xesha, nokuba ihlanjiwe, yasikwa, okanye yaphekwa.

Abasasazi abaninzi beziqhamo bagcina ii-apile kwiimeko ezilawulwayo ezigcina zintsha kangangeenyanga ezininzi ngaphambi kokufikelela kwiivenkile zokutya. Umzekelo, imigqomo ye-apile ihlala inyangwa ngerhasi ebizwa ngokuba yi-1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) (,).

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-1-MCP kuthintela ii-apile ekugcinweni ekuvuthweni ngokuthintela iziphumo ze-ethylene, irhasi engenambala eqhuba inkqubo yokuvuthwa kwemveliso. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvuthwa kuyaqala kwakhona nje ukuba iiapile zisuswe kwezi meko (,,).

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubathengi yindlela agcina ngayo ii-apile ekhaya, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu eligcinwe kulo kunye nokuba zihlanjwe okanye zasikwa.

Nantsi indawo yokuhlala ye-apile, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezilungiswa ngayo kwaye zigcinwa ngayo (4):

• Kwikhawuntara: Iintsuku 5-7
• Kwindawo yokugcina izinto: Iiveki ezi-3
• Kwifriji: Iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6
• Nje ukuba usike: Iintsuku eziyi-3-5 efrijini, iinyanga ezisi-8 kwisikhenkcezisi
• Yenziwe ngeapilesauce: Iintsuku ezingama-7-10 kwifriji, iinyanga ezimbini kwisikhenkcezisi
• Iphekiwe, njengakwimeko yepie yeapile: Iintsuku ezingama-3-5 efrijini

Ubomi beshelulo bama-apile buyahluka ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezilungiswa ngayo kwaye zigcinwa ngayo.

Uyiqala njani iApple

Ungaxela njani ukuba iapile lihambile

Iiapile ezisandul 'ukuziva ziqinile, zinesikhumba esikhanyayo, kwaye zinuka kamnandi kunye neziqhamo. Abayi kuba nemivimbo, amabala athambileyo, okanye iindawo zokutshintsha umbala. Xa uluma kuzo, ziyacwebezela kwaye zinamanzi.

Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezibonisa ukuba iapile liqale ukungalunganga:

• amabala athambileyo okanye ukugruzuka
• isikhumba esishwabeneyo
• imingxunya kunye namabala amdaka
• ulwelo oluphuma kulusu lwayo
• Ubume bemushy
• i-mealy okanye i-bland kunye ne-grainy taste

Kungcono ukulahla ii-apile ezithambileyo okanye zibonise ezinye iimpawu zokuphela komzimba, njengoko umxholo womswakama phantsi kolusu unokubonisa ukungcola (5).

Ngokwesiqhelo unokwazi ukuba iapile liqale kakubi ngokujonga inkangeleko yalo. Ii-apile ezihambe kakubi kufuneka zilahlwe.

Umngcipheko wokutya ii-apile eziphelelwe lixesha

Nangona ukutya ii-apile eziqala ukuguga akusoloko kuyingozi, ii-apile zixhomekeke ekukhuleni kokukhula nje ngezinye iimveliso ezintsha.

Umngundo ubangelwa ziintsholongwane kwaye unokubangela ukungalungelani okanye ukuphefumla kwabanye abantu. Ezinye iintsholongwane zikhulisa ii-mycotoxins, ezijongene nezifo ezininzi ezibangelwa kukutya (5,).

Ii-apile zixhomekeke kwi-mycotoxin ebizwa ngokuba yi-patulin, eveliswa yi Ukunyuka kwepenicillium iintlobo. Xa i-patulin isetyenziswa kakhulu, inokubangela isicaphucaphu kunye nezilonda ezophayo kwaye inokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza (,).

Ii-Mycotoxins zinokuphazamisa amathumbu akho ebacteria, anokuchaphazela kakubi amajoni akho omzimba kunye nokunyusa umngcipheko wokuvela kwezinye izifo (,).

Kungcono ukulahla ii-apile ezibonisa iimpawu zokuphelelwa yisikhathi, njengoko zithwala umngcipheko wokubumba okunetyhefu. Iiapile zisemngciphekweni wokukhula kwee-mycotoxins ezifana ne-patulin, enokuba yingozi ukuyidla.

Ungabunyusa njani ubomi beshelfulo bama-apile

Ukunyusa ishelufu yama-apile kunokuba lula njengokuziqhelanisa nemikhwa elungileyo yokugcina imveliso ekhaya.

Nazi izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda ukugcina ii-apile zakho zintsha ngokutsha:

• Sukuhlamba ii-apile zakho de ube ukulungele ukuzilungisa nokuzitya ().
• Shiya ii-apile zakho zikwimo yonke de ube ukulungele ukuzitya, njengoko ukuvezwa kweoksijini kunokunyusa izinga lokuxutywa nokudodobala ().
• Gcina ii-apile ezipheleleyo kwifriji yekrisiti endaweni yekhefu okanye kwikhawuntara, njengoko amaqondo obushushu abanda kakhulu egcina ukutsha ixesha elide ().
• Galela izilayi zeapile kumxube one 1 ithisipuni (5 ml) yejusi yelamuni ngekomityi enye (240 ml) yamanzi ukucothisa umbala omdaka okwenzeka njengenxalenye yenkqubo yendalo yokugcwala ().
• Songa ii-apile ngokwahlukeneyo ngeplastiki okanye ngengxowa yephepha ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwegesi ye-ethylene, enokukhuthaza ukuvuthwa kwazo naziphi na ii-apile ezingqonge (5).

Ngokuziqhelanisa nokunye kokulungiselela kunye neengcebiso zokugcina ekhaya, ungonwabela ii-apile ezintsha ixesha elide.

Yandisa ubomi beshelufu bama-apile ngokuwagcina ngokwahlukeneyo, ungahlambi, kwaye uphelele kubushushu obubandayo, njengasefrijini okanye kwisikhenkcezisi. Izilayi ze-Apple zingagcinwa zihlaziyekile ngoncedo lweasidi efana nejusi yelamuni.

Umgca wezantsi

Ubomi beshelulo bama-apile buyahluka ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.

Kude kube nini ii-apile zigcina ukutsha kwazo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu bubushushu, ifom, kunye nendawo ezigcinwe kuyo.

Eyona ndlela yokugcina ii-apile zisemgangathweni kwaye zilungele ukutyiwa kukuzigcina zingahlanjwanga, zikwimo yonke, kwaye zisongelwe kwifriji. Oku kungazigcina zintsha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8.

Ukuba uqaphela iimpawu zomzimba zokuphelelwa lixesha, ezinjengokugruzuka, amabala athambileyo, okanye ukukhupha, kungcono ukulahla ii-apile ukuthintela ukungeniswa kweekhompawundi ezinobungozi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-mycotoxins.