Mangaphi Amalungu Akumzimba Womntu?

Umxholo

• Zingaphi iintlobo zamalungu ezikhoyo emzimbeni womntu?
• Iindidi zamalungu adibeneyo asuswayo
• Yise kude

Umbuzo wokuba mangaphi amalungu akhoyo emzimbeni womntu unzima ukuphendula kuba kuxhomekeke kwinani lezinto eziguquguqukayo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Inkcazo yamalungu. Abanye bachaza ngokudibeneyo njengendawo apho amathambo ama-2 adibana khona. Abanye bacacisa ukuba yindawo apho amathambo adibanisa khona ngenjongo yokuhambisa amalungu omzimba.
• Ukubandakanywa kweesamoid. Iisesamoids ngamathambo afakwe ngaphakathi kwimisipha, kodwa ayixhunyiwe kwamanye amathambo. I-patella (kneecap) yeyona sesamoid inkulu. La mathambo ayahluka ngokwamanani abantu.
• Ubudala bomntu. Iintsana ziqala ngamathambo angama-270. Amanye ala mathambo ayadibana xa ekhula. Abantu abadala banamalungu angama-206 anamagama, kunye nama-80 kwi-axial skeleton kunye ne-126 kwi-skeleton.

Ngamafutshane, akukho mpendulo icacileyo kulo mbuzo. Inani eliqikelelweyo liphakathi kwama-250 nama-350.

Zingaphi iintlobo zamalungu ezikhoyo emzimbeni womntu?

Umzimba womntu uneendidi ezintathu eziphambili zamalungu. Bahlulwe yintshukumo abayivumelayo:

• I-synarthroses (ingashukumi). Ezi zizinzileyo okanye ezidibeneyo. Achazwa njengamathambo amabini okanye nangaphezulu kunxibelelwano olusondeleyo olungenayo intshukumo. Amathambo okakayi angumzekelo. Amalungu angashukumiyo phakathi kwamacwecwe okhakhayi aziwa ngokuba yimisonto.
• I-Amphiarthroses (ehambisa kancinci). Eyaziwa nangokuthi ngamalungu e-cartilaginous, la malungu achazwa njengamathambo amabini okanye nangaphezulu abanjwe ngokuqinileyo ukuze kungabikho ntshukumo ingenzeki. I-vertebrae yomgogodla yimizekelo elungileyo.
• Iidayari (zihanjiswa ngokukhululekileyo). Ikwabizwa nangamalungu e-synovial, la malungu ane-synovial fluid evumela onke amalungu edibeneyo ukuba ahambisane kakuhle. La ngamalungu axhaphakileyo emzimbeni wakho. Imizekelo ibandakanya amalungu afana nedolo kunye negxalaba.

Iindidi zamalungu adibeneyo asuswayo

Kukho iindidi ezintandathu zamalungu adibanayo e-diarthrosis (synovial):

• Ibhola kunye nesokethi edibeneyo. Ukuvumela intshukumo kuwo onke amacala, ibhola kunye nesokethi yokudityaniswa kubandakanya intloko ejikeleziweyo yethambo elinye ehleli kwindebe yelinye ithambo. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukudityaniswa kwegxalaba lakho kunye nokudibana kwakho kwehip.
• Ihenjisi edibeneyo. Ukudityaniswa kwehenjisi kufana nomnyango, ukuvula kunye nokuvala kwicala elinye, kwinqwelomoya enye. Imizekelo ibandakanya indibaniselwano yengqiniba kunye nedolo elihlangeneyo.
• Ilungu leCondyloid. Umdibaniso we condyloid uvumela intshukumo, kodwa akukho kujikelezo. Imizekelo ibandakanya amalungu akho omnwe kunye nomhlathi.
• Ukudibana kwepivot. Ilungu le-pivot, ekwabizwa ngokuba lilungu elijikelezayo okanye elihlangeneyo, libonakala ngethambo elinye elinokujikeleza kwisangqa esenziwe kwithambo lesibini. Imizekelo yimidibaniso phakathi kwe-ulna kunye namathambo erediyo ajikelezisa ingalo yakho, kunye nokudibana phakathi kwe-vertebrae yokuqala neyesibini entanyeni yakho.
• Ilungu elidityanisiweyo. Umdibaniso wokutyibilika ukwabizwa ngokuba kukujoyina kwenqwelomoya. Nangona ivumela kuphela ukuhamba okulinganiselweyo, ibonakaliswa yimigca egudileyo enokutyibilika ngaphezulu kwenye. Umzekelo ukudibana kwesihlahla sakho.
• Isali edibeneyo. Nangona indibaniselwano yesali ingakuvumeli ukujikeleza, inika amandla ukuhamba ngapha nangapha nangapha kwicala. Umzekelo lilungu elisisiseko sesithupha sakho.

Yise kude

Inkqubo yabantu abadala enamathambo inoyilo oluntsonkothileyo olubandakanya amathambo angama-206 aqhagamshelwe yi-cartilage, tendon, ligaments, kunye neentlobo ezintathu zamalungu:

• ii-synarthroses (ezingenakushukunyiswa)
• ama-amphiarthroses (ashenxiswa kancinci)
• Iidayari (ezinokuhanjiswa ngokukhululekileyo)

Nangona inani lokwenyani lamalungu kuye nawuphi na umntu omnye lixhomekeke kwinani lezinto eziguqukayo, inani eliqikelelweyo liphakathi kwama-250 nama-350.