Isifo sentliziyo

Umxholo

• Iindidi zesifo sentliziyo
• Ukunciphisa imithambo
• Ukuqina kunye nokwandiswa kwentliziyo
• Iingxaki
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo sentliziyo?
• Ukuchonga iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo
• Ukuvavanywa kunye nokuchongwa: Uza kubona nini ugqirha
• Ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo
• Amayeza
• Utyando kunye nezixhobo
• Umbono wexesha elide
• Ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo

Siyintoni isifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo?

Isifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo sibhekisa kwiimeko zentliziyo ezibangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi.

Intliziyo esebenza phantsi koxinzelelo olwandisiweyo ibangela ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo ezahlukeneyo. Isifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo kubandakanya ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukuqina kwentliziyo yemisipha, isifo semithambo kunye nezinye iimeko.

Isifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo sinokubangela iingxaki zempilo. Ngoyena nobangela ukhokelela ekufeni ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi.

Iindidi zesifo sentliziyo

Ngokubanzi, iingxaki zentliziyo ezinxulumene noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi zihambelana nemithambo yentliziyo kunye nezihlunu. Iindidi zesifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo zibandakanya:

Ukunciphisa imithambo

Imithambo yegazi ethutha igazi iye kwimisipha yentliziyo yakho. Xa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lubangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ibe mxinwa, ukuhamba kwegazi kuye entliziyweni kunokucotha okanye kuyeke. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo (i-CHD), ekwabizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo.

I-CHD yenza kube nzima ngentliziyo yakho ukuba isebenze kwaye inikeze amanye amalungu akho ngegazi. Inokukubeka emngciphekweni wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo esivela kwigazi eligxalathelweyo kwimithambo emxinwa kwaye lisike ukuphuma kwegazi kuye entliziyweni yakho.

Ukuqina kunye nokwandiswa kwentliziyo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwenza kube nzima entliziyweni yakho ukupompa igazi. Njengazo zonke izihlunu emzimbeni wakho, ukusebenza nzima rhoqo kubangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo yakho zikhule kwaye zikhule. Oku kuyiguqula indlela esebenza ngayo intliziyo. Olu tshintsho luhlala lusenzeka kwigumbi eliphambili lokumpompa kwentliziyo, i-ventricle yasekhohlo. Le meko yaziwa ngokuba yi-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

I-CHD inokubangela i-LVH kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Xa une-CHD, kufuneka intliziyo yakho isebenze nzima. Ukuba i-LVH iyandisa intliziyo yakho, inokucinezela imithambo yegazi.

Iingxaki

Zombini i-CHD kunye ne-LVH zinokukhokelela ku:

• ukusilela kwentliziyo: intliziyo yakho ayikwazi ukumpompa igazi elaneleyo kuwo wonke umzimba wakho
• i-arrhythmia: intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokungaqhelekanga
• Ischemic isifo sentliziyo: intliziyo yakho ayifumani oksijini yaneleyo
• isifo sentliziyo: ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni kuyaphazamiseka kwaye imisipha yentliziyo iyafa kukuswela ioksijini
• ukubanjwa kwentliziyo ngesiquphe: intliziyo yakho iyeka ukusebenza, uyeke ukuphefumla, kwaye ulahlekelwe sisazela
• ukubetha nokufa ngesiquphe

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wesifo sentliziyo?

Isifo sentliziyo sesona sizathu siphambili sokufa kwamadoda nabasetyhini eUnited States. Abantu baseMelika ngaphezulu babulawa sisifo sentliziyo minyaka le.

Umngcipheko ophambili wesifo sentliziyo uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi. Umngcipheko wakho uyanda ukuba:

• utyebile
• awuzilolanga ngokwaneleyo
• uyatshaya
• utya ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye necholesterol

Unomdla wesifo sentliziyo ukuba uyasebenza kusapho lwakho. Amadoda kunokwenzeka ukuba afumane isifo sentliziyo kunabafazi abangakhange baye exesheni. Amadoda kunye nabasetyhini abasemva kokuya esikhathini basengozini efanayo. Umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo uya kunyuka njengoko uneminyaka yobudala, ngaphandle kwesini sakho.

Ukuchonga iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhali besi sifo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Awunakuba nazimpawu, okanye iimpawu zakho zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu yesifuba (angina)
• ukuqina okanye uxinzelelo esifubeni
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudinwa
• intlungu entanyeni, emqolo, kwiingalo, okanye emagxeni
• ukukhohlela okungapheliyo
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• umlenze okanye iqatha ukudumba

Udinga ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo ukuba intliziyo yakho ibetha ngesiquphe ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungalungelelananga. Funa ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo kwangoko okanye tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba uthe wawa isiqaqa okanye unentlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni.

Ukuhlolwa rhoqo komzimba kuya kubonisa ukuba ngaba unengxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba unayo uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kufuneka unakekele ngakumbi ukujonga iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo.

Ukuvavanywa kunye nokuchongwa: Uza kubona nini ugqirha

Ugqirha wakho uza kuyiphonononga imbali yakho yezonyango, enze uvavanyo lomzimba, kwaye aqhube uvavanyo lwelebhu ukujonga izintso zakho, isodiyam, potassium kunye nokubala kwegazi.

Olunye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mvavanyo zilandelayo zinokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa unobangela weempawu zakho:

• I-Electrocardiogram ibeka iliso kunye nokurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kunamathisela iziqwengana esifubeni sakho, imilenze neengalo. Iziphumo ziya kubonakala kwiscreen, kwaye ugqirha wakho uyakutolika.
• I-Echocardiogram ithatha umfanekiso ocacileyo wentliziyo yakho usebenzisa i-ultrasound.
• I-Coronary angiography ivavanya ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yakho yemithambo yegazi. Umbhobho omncinci obizwa ngokuba yi-catheter ufakwa kwi-groin yakho okanye i-artery engalweni yakho kwaye ufike entliziyweni.
• Ukuzivocavoca uvavanyo lokujonga uxinzelelo kwindlela umthambo oluchaphazela ngayo intliziyo yakho. Unokucelwa ukuba uhambise ibhayisekile okanye uhambe ngeenyawo.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenyukliya luvavanya ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya entliziyweni. Uvavanyo luhlala luqhutywa ngelixa uphumla kwaye uzilolonga.

Ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo

Unyango lwesifo sentliziyo esixinzelelekileyo luxhomekeke kubunzulu besigulo sakho, ubudala bakho, kunye nembali yakho yezonyango.

Amayeza

Amayeza ayinceda intliziyo yakho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Iinjongo eziphambili kukuthintela igazi lakho ekunqandeni, ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi lakho, kunye nokunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho.

Imizekelo yesifo sesifo sentliziyo siquka:

• iipilisi zamanzi ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• iitrate ukunyanga iintlungu esifubeni
• statins ukunyanga i-cholesterol ephezulu
• i-calcium channel blockers kunye ne-ACE inhibitors ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• iasprini ukuthintela amahlwili egazi

Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale usela onke amayeza ngokuchanekileyo.

Utyando kunye nezixhobo

Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, unokufuna utyando ukuze wandise ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Ukuba ufuna uncedo ekulawuleni iqondo lentliziyo yakho okanye isingqisho, ugqirha wakho usenokutyanda afake isixhobo esisebenza ngebhetri esibizwa ngokuba yipememaker esifubeni sakho. I-pacemaker ivelisa ukuvuselelwa kombane okubangela ukuba isisu senhliziyo senze isivumelwano. Ukufakwa kwe-pacemaker kubalulekile kwaye kuyanceda xa isenzo sombane wentliziyo sihamba kancinci okanye singabikho.

I-Cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) zizixhobo ezinokufakwa ezinokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-arrhythmias zenhliziyo ezinobungozi.

Umthambo weCoronary ugqitha ugqirha wotyando (CABG) uphatha imithambo yecoronary evaliweyo. Oku kwenziwa kuphela kwi-CHD enzima. Ukufakelwa kwentliziyo okanye ezinye izixhobo zokunceda intliziyo kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba imeko yakho imbi kakhulu.

Umbono wexesha elide

Ukufumana kwakhona isifo sentliziyo esinexinzelelo kuxhomekeke kwimeko ngqo kunye nokuqina kwayo. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ukugcina imeko ingambi ngakumbi kwezinye iimeko. Kwiimeko ezimandundu, amayeza kunye notyando zisenokungasebenzi ekulawuleni isifo.

Ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo

Ukubeka iliso kunye nokuthintela uxinzelelo lwegazi ekunyukeni kakhulu yenye yezona ndlela zibalulekileyo zokuthintela isifo sentliziyo. Ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye necholesterol ngokutya ukutya okusempilweni kunye nokujonga amanqanaba oxinzelelo kunokwenzeka ukuba zezona ndlela zokuthintela iingxaki zentliziyo.

Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni, ukulala ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokwenza umthambo rhoqo zizindululo malunga nendlela yokuphila. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neendlela zokuphucula impilo yakho iyonke.