Hyperthyroidism

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela hyperthyroidism?
• Ziintoni iimpawu zehyperthyroidism?
• Oogqirha bayifumana njani i-hyperthyroidism?
• Uvavanyo lwecholesterol
• T4, T4 yasimahla, T3
• Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid lokukhuthaza inqanaba lehomoni
• Uvavanyo lweTriglyceride
• Ukuskena kwe-thyroid kunye nokuthatha
• I-Ultrasound
• Ukuskena i-CT okanye iMRI
• Ungayinyanga njani i-hyperthyroidism
• Amayeza
• Iodine eqhumayo
• Ugqirha
• Into onokuyenza ukuphucula iimpawu
• Imbonakalo
• Q:
• A:

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni i-hyperthyroidism?

Hyperthyroidism yimeko ye-thyroid. Idlala lengqula yinto encinci, emile okwibhabhathane ebekwe ngaphambili entanyeni yakho. Ivelisa i-tetraiodothyronine (T4) kunye ne-triiodothyronine (T3), eziziihomoni ezimbini eziphambili ezilawula indlela iiseli zakho ezisebenzisa ngayo amandla. Idlala lengqula yakho lilawula imetabolism yakho ngokukhutshwa kwala mahomoni.

I-Hyperthyroidism yenzeka xa idlala lengqula lenza i-T4, T3, okanye zombini. Ukuchongwa kwe-thyroid kunye nokunyangwa kwesizathu esingunobangela kunokuthomalalisa iimpawu kunye nokuthintela iingxaki.

Yintoni ebangela hyperthyroidism?

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela i-hyperthyroidism. Isifo se-Graves, isifo se-autoimmune, sesona sizathu siqhelekileyo sehyperthyroidism. Yenza ukuba ii-antibodies zikhuthaze i-thyroid ukuba ikhuphe i-hormone eninzi. Isifo se-Graves senzeka rhoqo kubafazi kunamadoda. Ihlala ibaleka kwiintsapho, ezibonisa ukuba unxibelelwano ngemfuza. Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba izalamane zakho zinayo le meko.

Ezinye izizathu zehyperthyroidism zibandakanya:

• iodine egqithisileyo, isithako esiphambili kwi-T4 kunye ne-T3
• i-thyroiditis, okanye ukudumba kwedlala lengqula, elenza ukuba i-T4 kunye ne-T3 ivuze idlala
• amathumba amaqanda okanye iimvavanyo
• izilonda ezinobungozi ze-thyroid okanye i-pituitary gland
• Amanani amaninzi e-tetraiodothyronine athathwe kwizongezo zokutya okanye amayeza

Ziintoni iimpawu zehyperthyroidism?

Amanani aphakamileyo e-T4, T3, okanye zombini anokubangela ukugqithisa okuphezulu kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba li-hypermetabolic state. Xa ukwimo yehypermetabolic, unokufumana ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakamileyo, kunye nokungcangcazela kwezandla. Unokubila kakhulu kwaye uhlakulele ukunyamezelana okuphantsi kobushushu. I-Hyperthyroidism inokubangela ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu, ukwehla kobunzima, kwaye, kwabasetyhini, ukuya kwimijikelo yokuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ngokucacileyo, idlala lengqula ngokwalo linokudumba liye kwi-goiter, enokuthi ibe lulingano okanye icala elinye. Amehlo akho anokubonakala evelele, nto leyo engumqondiso we-exophthalmos, imeko ehambelana nesifo se-Graves.

Ezinye iimpawu zehyperthyroidism zibandakanya:

• ukwanda kwesidlo
• uvalo
• ukungazinzi
• ukungakwazi ukugxila
• ubuthathaka
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• ubunzima bokulala
• zilungile, iinwele eziqhekekileyo
• ukurhawuzelela
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukukhula kwamabele emadodeni

Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zifuna unyango kwangoko:

• isiyezi
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ngokukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga

I-Hyperthyroidism inokubangela ukuba i-atrial fibrillation, i-arrhythmia eyingozi enokubangela ukubetha, kunye nokwehluleka kwentliziyo.

Oogqirha bayifumana njani i-hyperthyroidism?

Inyathelo lakho lokuqala lokuchongwa kukufumana imbali yezonyango epheleleyo kunye novavanyo lomzimba. Oku kunokutyhila le miqondiso iqhelekileyo yehyperthyroidism:

• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukubetha ngokukhawuleza
• uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphakamileyo
• Amehlo aphumileyo
• wandise idlala lengqula

Olunye uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuze uqhubeke nokuvavanya isifo sakho. Oku kubandakanya:

Uvavanyo lwecholesterol

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol. I-cholesterol ephantsi ingaba ngumqondiso wezinga eliphezulu lokunciphisa umzimba, apho umzimba wakho uvutha nge-cholesterol ngokukhawuleza.

T4, T4 yasimahla, T3

Ezi mvavanyo zilinganisela ukuba ingakanani i-hormone ye-thyroid (T4 kunye ne-T3) egazini lakho.

Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid lokukhuthaza inqanaba lehomoni

Idlala lengqula elikhuthaza iihomoni (TSH) yidlala yamadlala ebumvu evuselela idlala lengqula ukuvelisa iihomoni. Xa amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid aqhelekile okanye ephezulu, i-TSH yakho kufuneka ibe sezantsi. I-TSH esezantsi ngokungaqhelekanga inokuba luphawu lokuqala lwe-hyperthyroidism.

Uvavanyo lweTriglyceride

Inqanaba lakho le-triglyceride linokuvavanywa kwakhona. Ngokufana necholesterol esezantsi, i-triglycerides esezantsi inokuba luphawu lokuphakama kokuphazamiseka emzimbeni.

Ukuskena kwe-thyroid kunye nokuthatha

Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukuba i-thyroid yakho iyasebenza. Ngokukodwa, inokubonisa ukuba i-thyroid yonke okanye indawo enye ye-gland ibangela ukungasebenzi.

I-Ultrasound

I-Ultrasounds inokulinganisa ubungakanani bayo yonke idlala lengqula, nayo nayiphi na inginginya engaphakathi kuyo. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa ii-ultrasounds ukumisela ukuba ubunzima buzinzile okanye yi-cystic.

Ukuskena i-CT okanye iMRI

I-CT okanye iMRI inokubonisa ukuba ngaba ikhona into ebangele ukuba imeko ibekho.

Ungayinyanga njani i-hyperthyroidism

Amayeza

Amayeza e-Antithyroid, anje nge-methimazole (Tapazole), yeka i-thyroid ekwenzeni iihomoni. Zizonyango eziqhelekileyo.

Iodine eqhumayo

Iodine ene-radioactive inikwa ngaphezulu kwama-70 eepesenti abantu abadala base-US abane-hyperthyroidism, ngokwe-American Thyroid Association. Itshabalalisa ngokufanelekileyo iiseli ezivelisa iihomoni.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zibandakanya umlomo owomileyo, amehlo owomileyo, umqala obuhlungu, kunye notshintsho kwincasa. Amanyathelo okhuseleko anokufuneka athathwe okwexeshana emva konyango ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwemitha kwabanye.

Ugqirha

Icandelo okanye yonke i-thyroid gland ingasuswa ngotyando. Kuya kufuneka emva koko uthathe izongezo zehomoni ye-thyroid ukukhusela i-hypothyroidism, eyenzeka xa une-thyroid engasebenziyo ekhupha incindi encinci. Kwakhona, ii-beta-blockers ezinje ngepropranolol zinokunceda ukulawula ukubetha ngokukhawuleza, ukubila, ixhala kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Uninzi lwabantu lusabela kakuhle kolu nyango.

Into onokuyenza ukuphucula iimpawu

Ukutya ukutya okufanelekileyo, kugxilwe kwi-calcium kunye ne-sodium, kubalulekile, ngakumbi ekuthinteleni i-hyperthyroidism. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukwenza izikhokelo ezisempilweni zokutya kwakho, izongezo zesondlo, kunye nokuzilolonga.

IHyperthyroidism inokubangela ukuba amathambo akho abe buthathaka kwaye acekeceke, anokukhokelela kwi-osteoporosis. Ukuthatha i-vitamin D kunye ne-calcium supplements ngexesha nasemva kokunyanga kunokunceda ukomeleza amathambo akho. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela ukuba ingakanani ivithamin D kunye ne-calcium ekufuneka uyithathe yonke imihla. Funda ngakumbi malunga nezibonelelo zezempilo zikavithamini D.

Imbonakalo

Ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kwi-endocrinologist, egxile kunyango lweenkqubo zomzimba. Uxinzelelo okanye usulelo kunokubangela isiphango se-thyroid. Isiqhwithi se-Thyroid senzeka xa inani elikhulu le-hormone ye-thyroid likhutshwa kwaye libangele ngokukhawuleza kweempawu. Unyango lubalulekile ekuthinteleni uqhwithela lwe-thyroid, i-thyrotoxicosis, kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yehyperthyroidism ixhomekeke kwisizathu sayo. Ezinye izizathu zingaphela ngaphandle konyango. Abanye, njengesifo seGraves, baya beba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha ngaphandle konyango. Iingxaki zesifo se-Graves zingasongela ubomi kwaye zichaphazele umgangatho wakho wobomi wexesha elide. Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nokunyangwa kweempawu kuphucula umbono wexesha elide.

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