Yintoni iHypoxemia?

Umxholo

• Hypoxia vs.hypoxemia
• Iindidi
• Umoya / ukungxama (V / Q) ukungangqinelani
• Yima
• Ukungahambi kakuhle
• Hypoventilation
• I-oxygen ephantsi yendalo
• Oonobangela
• Hypoxemia kwiintsana
• Iimpawu
• Uxilongo
• Unyango
• Iingxaki
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Umgca wezantsi

Igazi lakho lithwala ioksijini ukuya kumalungu nakwizicubu zomzimba wakho. Ihypoxemia kuxa amanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini lakho.

I-Hypoxemia inokubangelwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya isifuba, inyumoniya, kunye nesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD). Yimeko enzulu yonyango kwaye ifuna unyango kwangoko.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga ne-hypoxemia, unobangela, kunye nendlela ephathwa ngayo.

Hypoxia vs.hypoxemia

I-Hypoxia kunye ne-hypoxemia zibhekisa kwizinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Ngelixa i-hypoxemia ibhekisa kumanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini lakho, i-hypoxia ibhekisa kumanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini kwizicwili zomzimba wakho.

Zombini ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa azisoloko zisenzeka kunye.

Ngokubanzi, ubukho behypoxemia bucebisa ngehypoxia. Oku kuyavakala kuba ukuba amanqanaba eoksijini asezantsi egazini lakho, izicwili zomzimba wakho zisenokungafumani oksijini yaneleyo.

Iindidi

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zehypoxemia, kwaye uhlobo luxhomekeke kwindlela apho amazinga eoksijini egazi ehlisiwe.

Umoya / ukungxama (V / Q) ukungangqinelani

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwehypoxemia. Ukuphefumla kubhekisa kunikezelo lweoksijini emiphungeni, ngelixa ukuxuba kubhekisa kunikezelo lwegazi kwimiphunga.

Umoya kunye ne-perfusion zilinganiswa ngokomyinge, obizwa ngokuba ngumlinganiso we-V / Q. Ngokwesiqhelo, kukho isidanga esincinci sokungahambelani kakuhle kulo mlinganiso, nangona kunjalo ukuba ukungangqinelani kuba kukhulu kakhulu, iingxaki zinokubakho.

Zimbini izinto ezibangela ukungangqinelani komoya:

1. Imiphunga ifumana ioksijini eyaneleyo, kodwa akukho gazi laneleyo (ukunyuka komlinganiselo we-V / Q).
2. Kukho ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya emiphungeni, kodwa akukho oksijini yaneleyo (yehlile i-V / Q ratio).

Yima

Ngokwesiqhelo, igazi elingenayo ioksijini lingena kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo, lihambe liye emiphungeni ukuze lifumane ioksijini, emva koko liye kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo ukuze lihanjiswe kuwo wonke umzimba.

Kolu hlobo lwehypoxemia, igazi lingena kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo ngaphandle kokufumana ioksijini emiphungeni.

Ukungahambi kakuhle

Xa ioksijini ingena emiphungeni, igcwalisa iingxowa ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba yialveoli. Imithambo yegazi encinci ebizwa ngokuba zii-capillaries ijikeleze i-alveoli. Ioksijini iyahluka ukusuka kwi-alveoli iye egazini elihamba ngee-capillaries.

Kolu hlobo lwehypoxemia, ukusasazeka kweoksijini egazini kuphazamisekile.

Hypoventilation

I-Hypoventilation kuxa ukutya kweoksijini kwenzeka kwinqanaba elincinci. Oku kunokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-carbon dioxide egazini kunye namanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini.

I-oxygen ephantsi yendalo

Olu hlobo lwehypoxemia ngokwesiqhelo lwenzeka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo. I-oksijini ekhoyo emoyeni iyancipha ngokunyuka okuphezulu.

Ke ngoko, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo umphefumlo ngamnye ukubonelela ngamanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini kunangexa ukwinqanaba lolwandle.

Oonobangela

Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokubangela i-hypoxemia. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• isifo sokuphefumula (i-ARDS)
• ianemia
• umbefu
• i-clot yegazi kwimiphunga (i-pulmonary embolism)
• umphunga owileyo
• ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo okanye isifo
• ICOPD
• ulwelo emiphungeni (i-edema yemiphunga)
• iindawo eziphakamileyo
• isifo semiphunga
• amayeza anciphisa ukuphefumla, anje ngee-narcotic kunye ne-anesthetics
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• ukutyhafa emiphungeni (pulmonary fibrosis)
• ubuthongo bokulala

Iimeko ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela i-hypoxemia ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge imizekelo embalwa:

• ICOPD yimeko engapheliyo apho ukuhamba komoya emiphungeni kuthintelwa khona. Ukutshatyalaliswa kweendonga ze-alveoli kunye nee-capillaries ezikufutshane kwi-COPD kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ngokutshintshwa kweoksijini, ezinokukhokelela kwihypoxemia.

• Ukunqongophala kwegazi yimeko apho kungekho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo zokuthwala ioksijini ngokufanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoku, umntu one-anemia unokuba namanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini lakhe.

Ukongeza, i-hypoxemia inokuba luphawu lwenye imeko njengokuhluleka ukuphefumla.

Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla kwenzeka xa i-oksijini eyaneleyo ingadluli kwimiphunga yakho iye egazini lakho. Ke ngoko, amanqanaba eoksijini egazi asezantsi anokuba sisalathiso sokungaphumeleli kokuphefumla.

Hypoxemia kwiintsana

I-Hypoxemia ngamanye amaxesha inokuthi yenzeke kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa ezineziphene zentliziyo okanye isifo. Ngapha koko, ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini egazini kusetyenziselwa iintsana kwiziphene zentliziyo yokuzalwa.

Iintsana ezingaphambi kwexesha nazo zisengozini kwihypoxemia, ngakumbi ukuba zibekwe kumatshini wokuphefumla.

Iimpawu

Umntu one-hypoxemia unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukukhohlela okanye ukuvuthisa
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• Ndiziva ndididekile okanye ndibhidekile
• umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kulusu, imilebe, kunye neenzipho

Uxilongo

Ukuze ufumane i-hypoxemia, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba ngexesha abaza kujonga ngalo intliziyo nemiphunga. Banokujonga kwakhona umbala wolusu lwakho, iinzipho, okanye imilebe.

Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo abanokuzenza ukuvavanya amanqanaba eoksijini kunye nokuphefumla. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• I-oximetry ye-pulse, esebenzisa inzwa ebekwe emnweni wakho ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini yegazi.
• Uvavanyo lwegesi yegazi, esebenzisa inaliti ukuzoba isampulu yegazi kwimithambo ukulinganisa amanqanaba eoksijini egazini.
• Uvavanyo lokuphefumla, olunokuvavanya ukuphefumla kwakho ngomatshini okanye ngokuphefumla kumbhobho.

Unyango

Kuba i-hypoxemia ibandakanya amanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini, injongo yonyango kukuzama ukunyusa amanqanaba eoksijini egazini abuyele esiqhelweni.

Unyango lweoksijini lunokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hypoxemia. Oku kunokubandakanya ukusebenzisa imaski yeoksijini okanye ityhubhu encinci esitshixelwe empumlweni yakho ukuze ufumane ioksijini eyongezelelweyo.

IHypoxemia inokubangelwa yimeko engaphantsi kwesifo sombefu okanye inyumoniya. Ukuba imeko ebangela ukuba ubangele i-hypoxemia, ugqirha wakho uya kusebenza nayo ukuyiphatha loo meko.

Iingxaki

Amalungu kunye nezicubu zomzimba wakho zifuna ioksijini ukuze usebenze kakuhle.

Umonakalo unokwenzeka kumalungu abalulekileyo anjengentliziyo kunye nengqondo xa kungekho i-oksijini eyaneleyo. IHypoxemia inokubulala xa ithe ayanyangwa.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Kuya kufuneka usoloko ufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuba ukuphefumla kancinci kuvela ngequbuliso kwaye kuchaphazela amandla akho okusebenza.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukuphelelwa ngumoya ngokwakho kusenokuqinisekisa ukutyelelwa ngugqirha. Ukuba unazo naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba wenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuxoxa ngazo:

• ukuphefumla okufutshane okwenzeka ngomsebenzi omncinci okanye xa uphumle
• ukuphefumla okufutshane okwenzeka xa usenza umthambo kwaye kusiba kubi ngakumbi
• ukuvuka ngequbuliso ebuthongweni kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane

Umgca wezantsi

Ihypoxemia kuxa amanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini egazini lakho. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zehypoxemia kwaye iimeko ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela oko.

Ihypoxemia yimeko enzulu kwaye inokukhokelela ekonakaleni komzimba okanye ekufeni xa inganyangwa.

Kuya kufuneka usoloko ufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuba unomoya ophefumlayo owenzeka ngesiquphe kwaye uchaphazela amandla akho okusebenza.