Yintoni omele uyazi Ngabahlobo Abacingelayo

Umxholo

• Ingaba ithetha ntoni?
• Iinjongo ezi-5 zokuba nomhlobo oyintelekelelo
• Ngaba kulungile ukuba abantwana babenomhlobo wokucinga?
• Umele enze ntoni umzali?
• Ungathini ukuba umhlobo oyinto eyoyikisayo woyika?
• Bekhula buphi abantwana kuyo?
• Ngaba idibene neschizophrenia?
• Kuthekani ukuba umntu omdala unomhlobo wakhe wentelekelelo?
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba nomhlobo ocingelwayo, ngamanye amaxesha obizwa ngokuba liqabane lokucinga, kuthathwa njengesiqhelo kunye nokuba sempilweni komdlalo wokukhula komntwana.

Uphando ngezihlobo ezicingayo luqhubekile amashumi eminyaka, oogqirha nabazali ngokufanayo bezibuza ukuba ingaba iphilile okanye "iqhelekile."

Uninzi lophando lubonakalisile kaninzi ukuba ngokwesiqhelo yinxalenye yobuntwana kubantwana abaninzi.

Kwangoko uphando beluchaza ukuba iipesenti ezingama-65 zabantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka esi-7 babenomhlobo wabo wokucinga.

Ingaba ithetha ntoni?

Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantwana benze izihlobo okanye abo bahamba nabo - umntu abanokuthetha naye, basebenzisane naye, kwaye badlale naye.

Aba bazenza abahlobo banokuthatha uhlobo lwayo nantoni na: umhlobo ongabonakaliyo, isilwanyana, into emnandi, okanye into ethile, enje ngento yokudlala okanye isilwanyana esifakiwe.

Uninzi lophando lubonakalisile ukuba nokuba nomhlobo oyicingayo yindlela esempilweni yokudlala ebuntwaneni.Izifundo zide zafumanisa ukuba kunokuba khona izibonelelo zophuhliso kwabo bantwana benza amaqabane okucinga.

Izibonelelo zinokubandakanya:

• ukuqonda okuphezulu kwezentlalo
• ukuhlalisana ngakumbi
• ukuphucula ubuchule
• iindlela zokulwa ngcono
• ukwanda kokuqonda ngokweemvakalelo

Abahlobo bokucinga banokubonelela umntwana wakho ngobuhlobo, inkxaso, ukuzonwabisa kunye nokunye okuninzi.

Iinjongo ezi-5 zokuba nomhlobo oyintelekelelo

Ngo-2017, abaphandi bachaza ezi njongo zintlanu zokuba nomhlobo oyicingayo:

1. Ukusombulula iingxaki kunye nolawulo lweemvakalelo
2. ukuphonononga iinjongo
3. ukuba neqabane lokudlala
4. ukuba nomntu owoyisa isizungu
5. ukuvumela abantwana ukuba baphonononge isimilo kunye nendima kubudlelwane

Ngaba kulungile ukuba abantwana babenomhlobo wokucinga?

Ngelixa abanye abazali benokuba nexhala, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntwana abe nomhlobo wokucinga.

Xa kuthelekiswa nabantwana abangenaye umhlobo wentelekelelo, abantwana abangafaniyo ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• uninzi lweempawu zobuntu
• ubume bosapho
• inani labahlobo abangacingiyo
• amava esikolweni

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, iingcali bezikholelwa ekubeni nomhlobo oyicingayo ubonakalise umba okanye imeko yempilo yengqondo. Ngokwangoku, le ndlela yokucinga ichithwe.

Ngelixa uninzi lwabantu ludibanisa abantwana abancinci abakwiminyaka yokuba sesikolweni kunye namaqabane okucinga, yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abantwana abadala babenabo, nabo.

Uphando oludala lufunyenwe lwabantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-12 babenabahlobo abazicingelayo.

Amantombazana kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kunamakhwenkwe ukuba abe nabahlobo bokucinga.

Ukucinga kungayinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokudlala nokukhula komntwana. Ukuba nomhlobo ocingayo kunokunceda umntwana ahlole ubudlelwane kwaye asebenze ngobuchule.

Umele enze ntoni umzali?

Ukuba umntwana wakho ukuxelela ngomhlobo wakhe ozicingelayo, buza imibuzo. Unokufunda ngakumbi malunga nomntwana wakho, izinto abanomdla kuzo, kunye nento anokuyenzela umhlobo wakho.

Umzekelo, ngaba umhlobo wabo wentelekelelo ubafundisa indlela yokujongana nabahlobo?

Inokukunceda nokudlala kunye. Misela indawo eyongezelelweyo kwisidlo sangokuhlwa, okanye ubuze umntwana wakho ukuba ngaba umhlobo wakhe uza kuhambo, umzekelo.

Ukuba umntwana wakho okanye umhlobo wabo ozenza ngathi uyafuna okanye ubangela iingxaki, unokubeka imida. Akukho sidingo sokunikela ngokuziphatha okungalunganga, ukuzenza ngathi kungenjalo. Kwaye, ukuseta imida kunokuba ngumzuzu wokufundisa.

Ungathini ukuba umhlobo oyinto eyoyikisayo woyika?

Ngelixa uninzi lwabahlobo bokucinga luthathwa njengolinobubele, olunobuhlobo, noluthobelayo, ayingabo bonke abachazwe njengabanjalo. Abanye babizwa ngokuba bayaphazamisa, umthetho wophula, okanye ubundlongondlongo.

Kungenzeka ukuba ezinye izihlobo ezicingayo zize zoyikise, zikhathazeke, okanye zibangele ukungavisisani nabantwana. Ngelixa abantwana abaninzi beveza ulawulo okanye impembelelo kwindlela abaziphethe ngayo abahlobo babo, abanye abantwana bayichaza njengokungekho phantsi kolawulo lwabo.

Ngelixa kungaqondakali ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni umhlobo wentelekelelo ezothusa, kubonakala ngathi obu budlelwane obucingelwayo busabonelela ngenzuzo ethile emntwaneni.

Obu budlelwane bunzima ngakumbi bunokunceda umntwana ukuba ahambisane nolwalamano kunye nokujamelana namaxesha anzima kwihlabathi lokwenyani.

Bekhula buphi abantwana kuyo?

Abanye abazali banexhala lokuba abantwana abanabahlobo abacingelwayo abayiqondi kakuhle inyani xa kuthelekiswa nokucinga, kodwa oku akuyonyani ngokwesiqhelo.

Ngapha koko, uninzi lwabantwana luyabaqonda abahlobo babo abazicingelayo.

Wonke umntwana wahlukile kwaye uya kukhula aphume kule nxalenye yobomi babo ngexesha labo. Kukho iingxelo ezingaphezulu zabantwana abangaphantsi kwe-7 nabahlobo abacingayo, nangona ezinye iingxelo zibonise izihlobo ezicingayo ezikhoyo kubantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-12 iminyaka.

Akukho sidingo sokukhathazeka ukuba umntwana okhulileyo usathetha ngomhlobo wabo wentelekelelo.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na inkxalabo ngenxa yokuziphatha komntwana wakho-kwaye kungekuphela nje ukuba banabo bazenza abahlobo-unokufikelela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo ekhethekileyo ekunakekeleni abantwana.

Ngaba idibene neschizophrenia?

Xa kuziwa kwingcamango ecacileyo, abazali banokuzibuza ukuba ngaba umntwana wabo uhlangabezana neengcamango okanye i-psychosis.

Ukuba nomhlobo ocingelwayo akufani nokufumana ezi mpawu, ezihlala zinxulunyaniswa nesifo sengqondo.

I-Schizophrenia ayibonisi mpawu de umntu abe phakathi kweminyaka yobudala.

I-schizophrenia yobuntwana inqabile kwaye kunzima ukuyiqonda. Xa isenzeka, ihlala isenzeka emva kweminyaka emihlanu kodwa ngaphambi kwe-13.

Ezinye zeempawu zeschizophrenia yobuntwana zibandakanya:

• paranoia
• utshintsho kwiimvakalelo
• ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, njengokuva amazwi okanye ukubona izinto
• utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela yokuziphatha

Ukuba umntwana wakho utshintsha ngesiquphe ekuziphatheni kwakhe kwaye ufumana into engaphezulu komhlobo ocingayo, fikelela kugqirha wabantwana okanye kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo.

Ngelixa iimpawu ze-schizophrenia kunye nabahlobo bokucinga zihlala zihlukile kwaye zahlukene, kukho ezinye iimeko zengqondo nezomzimba ezinokuba nokunxibelelana.

Uphando olwenziwe ngo-2006, umzekelo, lufumanise ukuba abantwana abaqhubeka nokukhula kukungaziphathi kakuhle banamathuba aphezulu okuba nomhlobo wokucinga.

Ukuphazamiseka okungafaniyo neemeko zempilo yengqondo apho umntu efumana ukunqunyulwa kwinyani.

Olunye uphando lucebisile ukuba abantu abadala abane-Down syndrome banezinga eliphezulu lamaqabane acingelwayo kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba bagcine aba bahlobo bebadala.

Kuthekani ukuba umntu omdala unomhlobo wakhe wentelekelelo?

Akukho uphando oluninzi malunga nabahlobo bokucinga ebudaleni.

Kuphononongo lwakutsha nje, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba kwabo bafundi baxelwe ukuba babenomhlobo osengqondweni xa sele emdala. Nangona kunjalo, le yayiyisampulu yesayizi encinci kwaye inezithintelo. Uphando olongezelelweyo luyafuneka.

Ngale nto ithethwayo, kubonakala ngathi akukho nto ibonisa ukuba umhlobo ocinga ukuba uya kuba mdala uthetha nantoni na eyahlukileyo kunasebuntwaneni.

Isenokuba nje luphawu lokujongana nengqondo okanye umbono olomeleleyo, nangona iingcali zingaqinisekanga.

Kwelinye icala, ukuba umntu omdala uva amazwi, abone izinto ezingekhoyo, okanye afumane ezinye iimpawu ze-hallucinations okanye i-psychosis, imeko yezempilo yengqondo, enjenge-schizophrenia, inokudlala.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Amaxesha amaninzi, izihlobo ezicingayo azinabungozi kwaye ziqhelekile. Kodwa ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana enye into, jonga ugqirha wabo ophambili.

Nangaliphi na ixesha indlela oziphethe ngayo kunye neemoods zomntwana wakho eziguqukayo okanye aqale ukukhathazeka, fikelela kwinkxaso kugqirha womntwana wakho okanye kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo.

Ukuba umhlobo womntwana wakho ocinga ukuba uyoyika, abe ndlongondlongo, okanye oyike umntwana wakho, uvavanyo ngengcali yezempilo yengqondo inokukunika uxolo lwengqondo.

Ukufumana ugqirha kufutshane nawe, landela la makhonkco:

• ugqirha wezifo zengqondo
• indawo yokusebenza kwengqondo

Unokufuna nomcebisi onelayisensi, ugqirha wezonyango, okanye omnye ugqirha onokukunceda.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba nomhlobo ocingelwayo yinto eqhelekileyo kwaye isempilweni yokudlala ebuntwaneni. Ukuba nayo kuye kwabonisa nezibonelelo kuphuhliso lwabantwana.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unomhlobo wokucinga, kulungile. Banokukhula ngaphandle kwayo ngexesha labo njengoko beyeka ukufuna izakhono abafundiswa liqabane labo.