Inkqubo yamajoni omzimba kunye nokuphazamiseka

Umxholo

• Isishwankathelo
• Yintoni amajoni omzimba?
• Athini amalungu omzimba?
• Amajoni omzimba asebenza njani?
• Zeziphi iintlobo zokungakhuseleki?
• Yintoni enokuthi ihambe kakubi kumasosha omzimba?

Isishwankathelo

Yintoni amajoni omzimba?

Amajoni akho omzimba uthungelwano oluntsonkothileyo lweeseli, izicwili kunye namalungu. Ngokudibeneyo banceda umzimba ukulwa usulelo kunye nezinye izifo.

Xa iintsholongwane ezinjengebhaktiriya okanye intsholongwane zingena emzimbeni wakho, zihlasela zande. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lusulelo. Usulelo lubangela isifo esigulisayo. Amajoni akho omzimba ayakukhusela kwesi sifo ngokuthi ulwe neentsholongwane.

Athini amalungu omzimba?

Amajoni omzimba anamalungu amaninzi ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya

• Ulusu lwakho, olunokunceda ukuthintela iintsholongwane zingangeni emzimbeni
• Inwebu yangaphakathi, efumileyo, ukuhlangana okungaphakathi kwamanye amalungu kunye nemingxunya yomzimba. Benza i-mucus kunye nezinye izinto ezinokubambisa kwaye zilwe neentsholongwane.
• Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezilwa neentsholongwane
• Amalungu kunye nezicubu zenkqubo ye-lymph, enjenge-thymus, udakada, iitoni, ii-lymph node, izitya ze-lymph, kunye nomongo wethambo. Bavelisa, bagcine, kwaye baphathe iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Amajoni omzimba asebenza njani?

Amajoni akho omzimba akhusela umzimba wakho kwizinto ozibona zinobungozi okanye zangaphandle. Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba ziiantigen. Zingaba ziintsholongwane ezinjengeentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane. Zingayimichiza okanye ityhefu. Banokuba ziiseli ezonakaliswe zizinto ezinje ngomhlaza okanye ukutshiswa lilanga.

Xa amajoni akho omzimba eyamkela i-antigen, ayihlasela. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yimpendulo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwizifo. Inxalenye yale mpendulo kukwenza izilwa-buhlungu. Ama-antibodies ziiproteni ezisebenza ukuhlasela, ukwenza buthathaka, kunye nokutshabalalisa iantigen. Umzimba wakho wenza nezinye iiseli ukuba zilwe neantigen.

Emva koko, amajoni akho omzimba akhumbula iantigen. Ukuba iphinda ibone iantigen, inokuyibona. Iya kuthumela ngokukhawuleza izilwa-buhlungu ezichanekileyo, ke kwiimeko ezininzi, awuguli. Olu khuselo kwisifo esithile lubizwa ngokuba ngumkhuhlane.

Zeziphi iintlobo zokungakhuseleki?

Zintathu iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungakhuseleki:

• Ukuzikhusela lukhuseleko oluzalelwa kulo. Kuluhlu lokuqala lomzimba wakho lokuzikhusela. Ibandakanya izithintelo ezinje ngolusu kunye neembumba zangaphakathi. Zigcina izinto ezinobungozi ekungeneni emzimbeni. Ikwabandakanya ezinye iiseli kunye neekhemikhali ezinokuthi zihlasele izinto zangaphandle.
• Ukhuseleko olusebenzayo, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukuzikhusela komzimba, kukhula xa wosulelwe okanye ugonyelwe into yelinye ilizwe. Ukhuseleko olusebenzayo luhlala luhlala ixesha elide. Kwizifo ezininzi, inokuhlala ubomi bakho bonke.
• Ukuzikhusela komzimba kwenzeka xa ufumana amajoni omzimba kwisifo endaweni yokwenza ngamajoni akho omzimba. Umzekelo, iintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zinee-antibodies ezivela koonina. Abantu banokufumana ukungakhuseleki nje kwiimveliso zegazi eziqulathe izilwa-buhlungu. Olu hlobo lokhuselo lukunika ukhuseleko kwangoko. Kodwa ihlala kuphela iiveki okanye iinyanga ezimbalwa.

Yintoni enokuthi ihambe kakubi kumasosha omzimba?

Ngamanye amaxesha umntu unokufumana impendulo yomzimba nangona kungekho soyikiso sokwenyani. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezifana ne-allergies, i-asthma, kunye nezifo ezizimele. Ukuba unesifo sokuzimela, amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela iiseli ezisempilweni emzimbeni wakho ngempazamo.

Ezinye iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba zenzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba engasebenzi ngokuchanekileyo. Ezi ngxaki zibandakanya izifo zokungasebenzi komzimba. Ukuba unesifo se-immunodeficiency, uyagula rhoqo. Usulelo lwakho lunokuhlala ixesha elide kwaye lunokuba mandundu kwaye lube nzima ukunyanga. Bahlala benengxaki yemfuza.

Kukho ezinye izifo ezinokuchaphazela amajoni akho omzimba. Umzekelo, i-HIV yintsholongwane eyenzakalisa amajoni akho omzimba ngokutshabalalisa iiseli zakho ezimhlophe zegazi. Ukuba ngaba i-HIV ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela ku-AIDS (i-immunodeficiency syndrome). Abantu abanoGawulayo bonakele kakubi kwiinkqubo zomzimba. Bafumana inani elandayo lezifo eziqatha.