Uhlangabezana njani neMicimbi yokuLawulwa kweMpembelelo kuBantwana naBantu abaDala

Umxholo

• Iimpawu
• Iimpawu kubantu abadala
• Iimpawu ebantwaneni
• Iimeko ezinxulumene
• Ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene noko
• Ungamelana njani
• Ukunceda umntwana wakho ahlangabezane nale ngxaki
• Iingcebiso kubantu abadala
• Unyango
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Umgca wezantsi

Imicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo ibhekisa kubunzima abanye abantu abanabo ekuyekiseni ukuzibandakanya kwiindlela ezithile zokuziphatha. Imizekelo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:

• ukungcakaza
• ukuba
• Ukuba ndlongondlongo kwabanye

Ukunqongophala kolawulo lwempembelelo kunokunxulunyaniswa nokuphazamiseka okuthile kwemithambo-luvo, njengokuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD).

Inokuthi inxulunyaniswe neqela elinqamlezayo leemeko ezibizwa ngokuba kukuphazamiseka kolawulo lwempembelelo (ICDs).

Ukuphazamiseka okunjalo kunokuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu kumgangatho wobomi, kodwa kukho iindlela kunye nonyango olunokunceda.

Iimpawu

Imicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo inokwahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kodwa umxholo oqhelekileyo kukuba iimpembelelo zithathwa njengezigqithileyo kwaye kunzima ukuzilawula.

Uninzi lweempawu ziqala ngexesha lokufikisa, kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuba ii-ICD zingabonakali kude kube mdala.

Ezinye zezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ezibonwayo kuwo onke amaqela ubudala zibandakanya:

• ndiyaxoka
• ubusela, okanye kleptomania
• ukutshabalalisa impahla
• bebonisa umsindo oqhumayo
• Ukugqabhuka ngesiquphe, kokubini ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwamazwi
• ukwenzakalisa abanye abantu nezilwanyana
• ukutsala ezakhe iinwele zentloko, ukukhangela, kunye nemivimbo, okanye i-trichotillomania
• ukutya ngokunyanzelwa okanye ngokutya kakhulu

Iimpawu kubantu abadala

Abantu abadala abanendlela yokuziphatha abaziphethe ngayo banokuba neendlela zokuziphatha ezinje:

• ukungcakaza okungalawulekiyo
• Ukuthenga okunyanzelekileyo
• Ukubeka ngabom imililo, okanye ipyromania
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwe-intanethi okanye ukusetyenziswa ngaphandle kolawulo
• Ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini

Iimpawu ebantwaneni

Abantwana abanemicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo banokuba nazo iingxaki ngakumbi esikolweni, ekuhlaleni nakwizifundo.

Banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokugqabhuka kwigumbi lokufundela, ukusilela ukwenza umsebenzi wabo wesikolo, kunye nokulwa noontanga babo.

Iimeko ezinxulumene

Ngelixa oyena nobangela wee-ICD ungaziwa, kucingelwa ukuba imicimbi yokulawulwa kwempembelelo inxulumene notshintsho lweekhemikhali kwingqondo yangaphambili yengqondo. Olu tshintsho lubandakanya i-dopamine ngokukodwa.

I-lobe yangaphambili iyaziwa ngokulawula iimpembelelo. Ukuba kukho utshintsho kuyo, unokuba semngciphekweni wemicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo.

Ii-ICDs zinokunxulumana neqela lezinto eziqondwe yi-Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) ezibiza ukuphazamisa, ukulawula impembelelo kunye nokuziphatha. Imizekelo yezi ngxaki ibandakanya:

• Yenza ukungahambi kakuhle. Abantu abanale ngxaki babonakalisa umsindo kunye nobundlongondlongo obunokubangela ingozi kwabanye abantu, kwizilwanyana nakwipropathi.
• Ukuphazamiseka okungapheliyo. Esi sifo sidala ukuba nomsindo nengqumbo ekhaya, esikolweni nasemsebenzini.
• Ukuphazamiseka okuphikisayo (ODD). Umntu one-ODD unokuba nomsindo ngokulula, adele, kwaye axabane, ngelixa ebonisa isimilo sokuziphindezela.

Ezinye iimeko ezinxulumene noko

Imicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo inokubonwa ecaleni kwale miqathango ilandelayo:

• Ingxaki yokungahambi kakuhle (ADHD)
• ukuxhuzula
• Ukuphazamiseka okungafunekiyo (OCD)
• Isifo sikaParkinson kunye nezinye iingxaki zokuhamba
• ukuhlukunyezwa kwesiyobisi
• Isifo seTourette

Ii-ICD zibalasele emadodeni. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya:

• imbali yokuxhatshazwa
• impatho embi kubazali ebuntwaneni
• abazali abanemicimbi yokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi

Ungamelana njani

Ngelixa unyango lubalulekile ekulawuleni imiba yolawulo lwempembelelo, zikwakhona iindlela onokujamelana ngayo nale micimbi.

Ukunceda umntwana wakho ahlangabezane nale ngxaki

Ukuba ungumzali onomntwana olwa nolawulo lwempembelelo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nemiceli mngeni yomntwana wakho kunye nendlela yokunceda. Ukuthunyelwa kugqirha wengqondo oqeqeshelwe ukusebenza nabantwana kunokuba kufanelekile.

Unokunceda umntwana wakho ngoku:

• ukumodareyitha isimilo esifanelekileyo kunye nokubeka umzekelo olungileyo
• ukubeka imida kunye nokunamathela kuyo
• ukuseka inkqubo ukuze umntwana wakho azi ukuba alindele ntoni
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyabancoma xa bebonisa isimilo esihle

Iingcebiso kubantu abadala

Abantu abadala abanemicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo banokuba nobunzima bokulawula indlela abaziphethe ngayo kubushushu bomzuzwana. Emva koko, banokuziva benetyala kwaye beneentloni. Oku kunokukhokelela kumjikelo womsindo kwabanye.

Kubalulekile ukuba uthethe nomntu omthembileyo malunga nokulwa kwakho nolawulo lwempembelelo.

Ukuba nevenkile kunokukunceda ukuba usebenze ngokuziphatha kwakho ngelixa unciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo, umsindo kunye nokucaphuka.

Unyango

Unyango lonyango oluphambili lwee-ICD kunye nolawulo lwempembelelo olunxulunyaniswa nezinye iimeko ezingaphantsi. Imizekelo inokubandakanya:

• unyango lweqela kubantu abadala
• ukudlala unyango abantwana
• unyango lwengqondo lomntu ngamnye ngonyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT) okanye olunye uhlobo lonyango lwentetho
• Unyango losapho okanye unyango lwezibini

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela i-anti-depressants okanye i-mood stabilizers ukunceda ukulinganisa iikhemikhali kwingqondo yakho.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo, kwaye kungathatha ixesha ukumisela ukuba leliphi iyeza kunye nokuba yeyiphi idosi ekusebenzela kakuhle.

Ukunyanga nayiphi na impilo esele ikhona yengqondo okanye imeko ye-neurological kunokunceda ekuphuculeni iimpawu zokulawulwa gwenxa okungalunganga.

Ukuba unesifo sika-Parkinson, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ithuba lokuchonga ezi ndlela zokuziphatha, ukuba ziyaphuhlisa.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Kubalulekile ukuba uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu zolawulo lwempembelelo. Ngokukhawuleza ufuna uncedo, bhetele umphumo uya kuba.

Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo luyimfuneko kuyo nayiphi na imiba enesikolo, umsebenzi, okanye umthetho onokuthi uvele xa usenza into oyifunayo.

Ukuba uziva ngathi awukwazi ukulawula indlela oziphethe ngayo, kwaye zichaphazela kakubi ubomi bakho kunye nobudlelwane, fikelela kuncedo.

Tsalela umnxeba ugqirha womntwana wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba bayonzakalisa okanye benza ngobundlongondlongo ebantwini okanye kwizilwanyana.

Ukuvavanya ngcono imiba yolawulo lwempembelelo, ugqirha wakho uya kubuza malunga neempawu zakho okanye zomntwana, kunye nokuqina kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kokugqabhuka.

Banokucebisa ngovavanyo lwengqondo ukumisela naziphi na iimeko zempilo yengqondo ezinokuba negalelo ekuziphatheni.

Ukuba unesifo se-neurological esele sikhona, nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukungabikho kophuculo kulawulo lwempembelelo. Basenokufuna ukwenza uhlengahlengiso kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango esikhoyo.

Umgca wezantsi

Imicimbi yolawulo lwempembelelo inzima kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuyikhusela nokuyilawula.

Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza nogqirha wakho kunye nokuqonda ngcono imiqondiso kunye nemingcipheko echaphazelekayo kunokukunceda ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Kuba ii-ICD zihlala zikhula ngexesha lobuntwana, akufuneki ulinde ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Kunokuba nzima ukuthetha ngokungabikho kolawulo lwempembelelo, kodwa ukufumana uncedo kunokuba luncedo ekunciphiseni iziphumo ezibi esikolweni, emsebenzini nakubudlelwane.