Yintoni i-Acute Myocardial Infarction, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Oonobangela be-AMI
• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ukuchongwa kwe-Acute Myocardial Infarction
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Acute Myocardial Infarction (i-AMI), ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-infarction okanye isifo sentliziyo, iyahambelana nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi kuye entliziyweni, okubangela ukusweleka kweeseli zentliziyo kwaye kubangele iimpawu ezinjengeentlungu esifubeni ezinokuthi zikhazimle kwingalo.

Oyena nobangela uphambili kukuqokelelwa kwamanqatha ngaphakathi kwimikhumbi, okusoloko kubangelwa yimikhwa engenampilo, ngokutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye ne-cholesterol kunye neziqhamo kunye nemifuno ephantsi, ukongeza kukungasebenzi komzimba kunye nezinto zemfuza.

Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngugqirha wezifo zentliziyo kusetyenziswa iimviwo zomzimba, zeklinikhi nezelebhu kwaye unyango lwenziwa ngenjongo yokuthintela umthambo kunye nokuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi.

Oonobangela be-AMI

Esona sizathu siphambili se-infyoction ye-myocardial yi-atherosclerosis, ehambelana nokufumba kwamafutha ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi, ngohlobo lweeplathi, ezinokuthintela ukudlula kwegazi liye entliziyweni kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubangele infarction. Ukongeza kwi-atherosclerosis, i-infyoction ye-myocardial infarction inokwenzeka ngenxa yezifo ezingezizo ze-atherosclerotic coronary, utshintsho lokuzalwa kunye notshintsho lwe-hematological, umzekelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni enokubangela isifo sentliziyo.

Ezinye izinto zinokunyusa amathuba okuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, njenge:

• Ukutyeba kakhulu, ukutshaya, ukungasebenzi, ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi kunye necholesterol kunye nefibre esezantsi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba zezomngcipheko ezinokuthi ziguqulwe yindlela yokuphila;
• Iminyaka yobudala, ubuhlanga, isini sendoda kunye neemeko zemfuza, ezithathwa njengezinto ezingenakuguqulwa;
• Idyslipidemia kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, zinto ezo ezinokuthi ziguqulwe ngamachiza, oko kukuthi, zinokusonjululwa ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza.

Ukuthintela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, kubalulekile ukuba umntu abe nemikhwa yokuphila esempilweni, njengokuzilolonga nokutya ngendlela efanelekileyo. Nantsi into yokutya ukunciphisa i-cholesterol.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Olona phawu lubonakalayo lwe-infyoction ye-myocardial ebabayo ziintlungu ngohlobo lokuqina entliziyweni, kwicala lasekhohlo lesifuba, elinokuthi okanye lingadibani nezinye iimpawu, ezinje:

• Isiyezi;
• Malaise;
• Ziva gula;
• Ukubila okubandayo;
• IPallor;
• Ukuziva ubunzima okanye ukutshisa esiswini;
• Imvakalelo yokuqina emqaleni;
• Intlungu ekhwapheni okanye engalweni yasekhohlo.

Nje ukuba iimpawu zokuqala zibonakale, kubalulekile ukuba ubize i-SAMU kuba i-infarction inokubangela ukulahleka kwengqondo, kuba kuncipha ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwingqondo. Funda ngendlela yokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo.

Ukuba ubukele ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokulahleka kwengqondo, kufanelekile ukuba uyazi ukuba ungayenza njani into yokuthanjiswa kwentliziyo ngelixa ulinde iSAMU ukuba ifike, kuba oku kwandisa amathuba okuba umntu aphile. Funda indlela yokwenza umthambo wentliziyo kule vidiyo:

Ukuchongwa kwe-Acute Myocardial Infarction

Ukuchongwa kwe-AMI kwenziwa ngovavanyo lomzimba, apho ugqirha wezentliziyo ehlalutya zonke iimpawu ezichazwe sisigulana, ukongeza kwi-electrocardiogram, eyenye yeendlela eziphambili zokuchonga isifo sephepha. I-electrocardiogram, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-ECG, luvavanyo olujolise ekuvavanyeni isenzo sombane wentliziyo, esenza ukuba sikwazi ukukhangela isingqisho kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kweentsimbi zentliziyo. Qonda ukuba yintoni i-ECG kwaye yenziwa njani.

Ukuchonga i-infarction, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo zaselebhu ukufumanisa ubukho beempawu zebhayoloji ezinokonyuka koxinzelelo kwimeko ye-infarction. Iilebheli eziceliweyo ezi zilandelayo:

• I-CK-MB, eyiprotein efumaneka kwizihlunu zentliziyo kwaye uxinizelelo lwayo egazini lwonyusa iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kwempembelelo kwaye lubuyela esiqhelweni emva kweeyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72;
• Umyoglobin, ekwanayo nentliziyo, kodwa ine-concentration yayo inyuse iyure e-1 emva kwesibetho kwaye ibuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo emva kweeyure ezingama-24 - Funda ngakumbi ngovavanyo lwe-myoglobin;
• Troponin, Olona phawu lubalulekileyo lwe-infarction, olonyusa iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 emva kokubanjwa kunye nokubuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo emva kweentsuku ezili-10 - Qonda ukuba yintoni uvavanyo lwe-troponin.

Ngokusebenzisa iziphumo zovavanyo lokumakisha lwentliziyo, ugqirha wentliziyo uyakwazi ukubona ukuba kwenzeka ntoni infarction ukusuka koxinaniso lwabamakishi egazini.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lokuqala lwe-infyoction ye-myocardial acute lwenziwa ngokungavimbeli inqanawa nge-angioplasty okanye ngotyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-byass, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukudlula.ukudlula i-cardiac okanye i-myocardial revascularization.

Ukongeza, isigulana kufuneka sithathe amayeza anciphisa ukwenziwa kwamacwecwe okanye enze igazi linciphe, ukulungiselela ukuhanjiswa kwalo ngomkhumbi, njenge-Acetyl Salicylic Acid (AAS), umzekelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga nonyango lwesifo sentliziyo.