IListeria kunye nokukhulelwa

Umxholo

• Kutheni le nto iListeria ibaluleke kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo?
• Zithini iimpawu zeListeria?
• Oonobangela beListeriosis
• Ngaba ndisemngciphekweni?
• Ufunyanwa njani uListeria?
• UkukhulelwaUkukhulelwa?
• Unyango lweListeria ekukhulelweni
• Ithini imbonakalo?
• Ngaba iListeria ekukhulelweni ingathintelwa?

Yintoni iListeria?

IListeria monocytogenes (iListeria) luhlobo lweebhaktiriya ezibangela usulelo ekuthiwa listeriosis. Ibhaktiriya ifumaneka:

• umhlaba
• uthuli
• amanzi
• ukutya okwenziwe
• inyama eluhlaza
• Ilindle lezilwanyana

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-listeriosis zibangelwa kukutya ukutya okungcoliswe yintsholongwane. I-Listeriosis ibangela kuphela ukugula kancinane kubantu abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kunokukhokelela kwisifo esibi ngakumbi kwiintsana ezingekazalwa okanye kwiintsana xa umama wosulelwa ngelixa ekhulelwe. Ukosuleleka kosana olungekazalwa kunokubangela ukuphuma kwesisu okanye ukuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo. Usulelo losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa lungakhokelela kwinyumoniya nasekufeni. Ngesi sizathu, ukuthintela i-listeriosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka baphephe iintlobo ezithile zokutya, ezinjengezinja ezishushu, inyama yokutya, kunye neeshizi ezithambileyo ukuze banciphise umngcipheko. Ukuqonda indlela okulungiswa ngayo ukutya kwakho kunye nokulandela izikhokelo zokhuseleko lokutya kunokunceda ekuthinteleni esi sifo.

Kutheni le nto iListeria ibaluleke kakhulu kubafazi abakhulelweyo?

Kubantu abadala abasempilweni abangakhulelwanga, ukutya ukutya okungcoliswe yiListeria kuhlala kungakhokeleli kwiingxaki. I-Listeriosis inqabile kubantu abadala abangakhulelanga abasempilweni, kodwa usulelo luye kumaxesha angama-20 aqhelekileyo kubantu basetyhini abakhulelweyo, ngokwe I-Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. Uninzi lwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo abanazo iimpawu okanye iingxaki kusulelo. Nangona kunjalo, usana olungekazalwa luchaphazeleka kakhulu kolu hlobo lwebacteria. Usulelo lunokusasazeka kwi-placenta. Usuleleko yiListeria- eyaziwa njenge-listeriosis- inzima kwaye ihlala ibulala umntwana.

Zithini iimpawu zeListeria?

Iimpawu zingaqala naphina kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokuvezwa yintsholongwane. Abantu abadala abasempilweni abangakhulelanga bahlala bebonisa ukungabi nazimpawu kwaphela.

Iimpawu kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo banokufana neempawu zomkhuhlane okanye ukubanda. Banokubandakanya:

• ifiva
• intloko ebuhlungu
• iintlungu zemisipha
• Ukugodola
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• Intamo elukhuni
• ukudideka

Qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unamava kwezi mpawu. Ngamanye amaxesha umfazi okhulelweyo osulelwe yi-listeriosis akazukuziva egula kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, usenokudlulisela usulelo kusana olungekazalwa engazi.

Oonobangela beListeriosis

I-Listeriosis lusulelo olubangelwa kukutya ukutya okungcoliswe yintsholongwane IListeria monocytogenes. Iibhaktheriya zifumaneka ngokubanzi emanzini, emhlabeni nakwizilwanyana. Imifuno ingangcoliswa ngumhlaba. Inokufumaneka nakwinyama engaphekwanga kunye neemveliso zobisi ezingasetyenziswanga kuba izilwanyana zihlala ziziphethe iibhaktheriya, nangona zingaguli kuzo. IListeria ibulawa ngokupheka kunye nokunyusa (inkqubo yokufudumeza ulwelo kubushushu obuphezulu ukubulala iintsholongwane).

Le bhaktiriya ayiqhelekanga kuba ikhula kakuhle kubushushu obufanayo nefriji yakho. Abantu babamba uluhlu lwe-listeriosis ngokutya oku kutya kungcolileyo:

• ukutya okulungele ukutya, intlanzi, kunye neenkukhu
• Ubisi olungafakwanga ubisi
• iimveliso zeshizi ezithambileyo
• iziqhamo nemifuno engcoliswe ngumhlaba okanye ngumgquba osetyenziswa njengesichumiso
• ukutya kufakwe kwiimeko ezingacocekanga

Ngaba ndisemngciphekweni?

Abasetyhini abaneemeko ezithile basemngciphekweni wentsholongwane. Oku kubandakanya le miqathango ilandelayo:

• isifo seswekile
• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-steroid
• usulelo lomntu kwintsholongwane (HIV)
• inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela
• wmziba
• ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza okunyanga umzimba
• umhlaza
• utywala

Uninzi lweziganeko ze-listeriosis zenzeka kubafazi abakhulelweyo abasempilweni. Abafazi abakhulelweyo baseSpanic nabo basemngciphekweni omkhulu-phantse kunokwenzeka ukuba banesifo.

Ufunyanwa njani uListeria?

Ugqirha uya kurhanela i-listeriosis ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unefiva okanye iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. IListeria kunzima ukuyichonga. Ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa ngokwenza inkcubeko yegazi ukuvavanya ubukho bentsholongwane. Banokukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho kunye nento oyityileyo kutshanje.

Iinkcubeko zinokuthatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini ukukhula. Kuba kubi kakhulu emntwaneni, ugqirha wakho angaqala unyango lwe-listeriosis kwanangaphambi kokuba bafumane iziphumo.

UkukhulelwaUkukhulelwa?

Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye unesifo se-listeriosis, usengozini enkulu yoku:

• ukuphuma kwesisu
• ukuzalwa komntwana oswelekileyo
• ukuhanjiswa kwangethuba
• ukuhanjiswa kosana olunesisindo esiphantsi sokuzalwa
• ukufa kwimveku engekazalwa

Ngamanye amaxesha, usulelo lunokukhokelela kwiingxaki kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, kubandakanya:

• ibacterial meningitis (ukudumba kweembumba ezijikeleze ingqondo)
• septicemia (usulelo lwegazi)

Usulelo kwiintsana ezisanda kuzalwa kunokubangela oku kulandelayo:

• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• septicemia
• meningitis yebhaktiriya
• ukufa

Unyango lweListeria ekukhulelweni

IListeria inyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ngokuqhelekileyo oogqirha baya kumisela ipenicillin.Ukuba uxabisa i-penicillin, i-trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole inokusetyenziswa endaweni yoko.

La mayeza afanayo anikwa abantwana abazelwe benesifo i-listeriosis

Ithini imbonakalo?

Usulelo lweListeria luhlala lubi kakhulu kwiintsana. Iphethe iqondo lokufa lama-20 ukuya kuma-30 epesenti ngokwe-in I-Obstetrics kunye neGynecology. Unyango lwakwangoko ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane lunceda ukuthintela usulelo lomntwana kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinzima. Ayizizo zonke iintsana ezinoomama abosulelekileyo eziya kuba neengxaki.

Ngaba iListeria ekukhulelweni ingathintelwa?

Isitshixo sokuthintela usulelo lwe-listeria ngexesha lokukhulelwa kukulandela izikhokelo ezicetyiswa yi-CDC. Umbutho ucebisa ukuba ungatyi ukutya okunomngcipheko ophezulu wokungcola kweListeria xa ukhulelwe.

Kuphephe oku kutya kulandelayo:

• izinja ezishushu, inyama yasemini, okanye ukusika okubandayo kusebenze kubanda okanye kufudunyezwe kungaphantsi ko-165˚F. Ukutya kwiindawo zokutyela ezinikezela ngeesandwich zenyama akunconywa.
• Inyama efrijini isasazeka
• inyama ephekwe “inqabile”
• imveliso eluhlaza engakhange ihlanjwe kakuhle
• ubisi oluhlaza (olungafakwanga)
• Ukutya okutyayo kwaselwandle okufrijiweyo
• Iitshizi ezithambileyo ezingafakwanga amandla, ezinje nge-feta kunye ne-Brie cheese. Iitshizi ezinzima ezifana ne-cheddar kunye neesisoft cheeses ezinje nge-mozzarella zilungile ukuba uzisebenzise, ​​kunye nokusasazeka okungagalelwanga ngathi itshizi cream.

Kukwabalulekile ukuziqhelanisa nokhuseleko lokutya kunye nezikhokelo zokuphatha. Oku kubandakanya:

• Hlamba iziqhamo kunye nemifuno emanzini acocekileyo, nokuba ulusu luza kuhluzwa.
• Ukukhuhla okuqinileyo kuvelisa njengeevatala kunye neekhukhamba ngebrashi ecocekileyo.
• Funda iilebheli zezithako.
• Jonga imihla yokuphelelwa.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo.
• Gcina imiphezulu yokulungiselela ikhitshi lakho licocekile.
• Gcina ifriji yakho kuma-40˚F okanye ngezantsi.
• Coca ifriji yakho rhoqo.
• Pheka ukutya kubushushu obufanelekileyo. Kuya kufuneka uthenge iithemometha zokutya ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ukutya kuphekiwe okanye kufudunyezwa umzimba ubuncinci kwi-160˚F.
• Isikhenkcisi okanye ukukhenkceza ukutya okonakalayo okanye okulungisiweyo kunye nokutya okuseleyo kwiiyure ezimbini zokulungiselela; kungenjalo, balahle kude.

ISebe lezoLimo lase-United States (i-USDA) kunye noLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) nazo ziqhuba ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokubeka iliso kwimithombo yokutya enokungcola. Bayakukhumbula nayiphi na inkukhu elungiselelwe, inyama yehagu, kunye neemveliso zokutya kwaselwandle e-United States ukuba kukho nakuphi na ukuxhalaba kongcoliseko.

Ekugqibeleni, intsholongwane yeListeria ixhaphake kakhulu kangangokuba ukubhengeza akunakuhlala kuthintelwa. Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka babize ugqirha wabo ukuba banazo naziphi na iimpawu eziqhelekileyo.