Insulinoma

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu ze-Insulinoma?
• Yintoni ebangela i-insulin?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-insulin?
• I-Insulinoma ichongwa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-Insulinoma?
• Yiyiphi imbonakalo yexesha elide yaBantu abane-Insulinoma?
• Inokuthintelwa njani i-Insulinoma?

Yintoni i-insulin?

I-insulinoma sisisu esincinci kwipancreas esivelisa inani eligqithisileyo le-insulin. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ithumba alinawo umhlaza. Uninzi lwe-insulinomas lungaphantsi kweesentimitha ezi-2 ububanzi.

Ipancreas lilungu le-endocrine ebekwe emva kwesisu sakho. Omnye wemisebenzi yawo kukuvelisa iihomoni ezilawula inqanaba leswekile kwigazi lakho, njenge-insulin. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-pancreas iyayeka ukudala i-insulin xa ishukela lakho legazi lihla kakhulu. Oku kuvumela amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho ukuba abuyele esiqhelweni. Xa i-insulinoma ifom kwi-pancreas yakho, nangona kunjalo, iya kuqhubeka nokuvelisa i-insulin, nangona iswekile yegazi lakho liphantsi kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-hypoglycemia, okanye iswekile esezantsi yegazi. I-Hypoglycemia yimeko enobungozi enokubangela umbono ophuthileyo, ukukhanya kwentloko kunye nokungabikho zingqondweni. Inokusongela ubomi.

I-insulinoma ihlala ifuna ukususwa ngotyando. Nje ukuba ithumba lisuswe, ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokwenzeka kakhulu.

Ziintoni Iimpawu ze-Insulinoma?

Abantu abane-insulinomas abasoloko benempawu ezibonakalayo. Xa iimpawu zisenzeka, zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kubukhali bemeko.

Iimpawu ezinobumnene zibandakanya:

• umbono ophindwe kabini okanye umbono ophutheleyo
• ukudideka
• ixhala kunye nokucaphuka
• isiyezi
• ukuhamba kweemvakalelo
• ubuthathaka
• ukubila
• indlala
• ukungcangcazela
• ukukhawuleza ukutyeba

Iimpawu ezinzima ze-insulinoma zinokuchaphazela ingqondo. Banokuchaphazela namadlala e-adrenal, alawula ukuphendula koxinzelelo kunye nenqanaba lentliziyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zibonakala zifana nezo zesifo sokuwa, ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo okubangela ukuxhuzula. Iimpawu ezibonakalayo kwiimeko ezinzulu ze-insulinoma zingabandakanya:

• ukuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula
• izinga lentliziyo elikhawulezayo (ngaphezulu kwama-95 beats ngomzuzu)
• ubunzima bokugxila
• Ukuphulukana nokuqonda okanye isiqaqa

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-insulinomas inokuba nkulu kwaye isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Xa oku kusenzeka, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• intlungu zesisu
• umqolo obuhlungu
• urhudo
• i-jaundice, okanye utyheli kolusu namehlo

Yintoni ebangela i-insulin?

Oogqirha abazi ukuba kutheni abantu befumana i-insulinomas. Amathumba abonakala ngaphandle kwesixwayiso.

Xa usitya ukutya, iipancreas zenza i-insulin. I-insulin yincindi yamadlala enceda umzimba wakho ugcine iswekile ekutyeni kwakho. Nje ukuba iswekile ifunxwe, iipancreas ziyeke ukuvelisa i-insulin. Le nkqubo ihlala igcina amanqanaba eswekile esegazini. Nangona kunjalo, inokuphazamiseka xa i-insulinoma ikhula. Ithumba liyaqhubeka nokuvelisa i-insulin nokuba iswekile yegazi lakho yehle kakhulu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-hypoglycemia, imeko enzulu ebonakaliswa ngamanqanaba eswekile esezantsi egazini.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-insulin?

Ii-insulinomas zinqabile. Uninzi lincinci kwaye lilinganise ngaphantsi kweesentimitha ezi-2 ububanzi. Kuphela li-10% lala mathumba anomhlaza. Izidumba ezinomhlaza zihlala zivela rhoqo kubantu abane-endocrine neoplasia yohlobo lwe-1. Esi sisifo esizuzwe njengelifa esibangela amathumba kwilungu elinye okanye nangaphezulu. Umngcipheko we-insulinoma ukwabonakala ngathi uphezulu kwabo bane-von Hippel-Lindau syndrome. Le meko izuzwe njengelifa ibangela amathumba kunye namaqhakuva ukuba enze emzimbeni wonke.

I-Insulinomas ikwachaphazela abantu basetyhini ngakumbi kunamadoda. Ngokuqhelekileyo zikhula kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kuma-60.

I-Insulinoma ichongwa njani?

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga iswekile yegazi kunye namanqanaba e-insulin. Inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi kunye nenqanaba eliphezulu le-insulin libonisa ubukho be-insulinoma.

Uvavanyo lunokujonga kwakhona:

• Iiproteni ezithintela ukuveliswa kwe-insulin
• amayeza abangela ukuba amadlala akhuphe i-insulin engakumbi
• ezinye iihomoni ezichaphazela ukuveliswa kwe-insulin

Ugqirha wakho unoku-odola iiyure ezingama-72 ngokukhawuleza ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba une-insulinoma. Uya kuhlala esibhedlele ngelixa uzila ukutya ukuze ugqirha wakho abeke esweni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho. Baza kulinganisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi rhoqo kwiiyure ezintandathu ubuncinci. Awuyi kukwazi ukutya okanye usele nantoni na ngaphandle kwamanzi ngexesha lokuzila. Uya kuba namanqanaba eswekile esezantsi kakhulu kwiiyure ezingama-48 zokuqala ukuzila ukuba une-insulinoma.

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, kubandakanya i-MRI okanye i-CT scan. Olu vavanyo lokucinga lunceda ugqirha wakho abone indawo kunye nobungakanani be-insulinoma.

I-endoscopic ultrasound ingasetyenziselwa ukuba ithumba alinakufunyanwa kusetyenziswa i-CT okanye iMRI scan. Ngexesha le-endoscopic ultrasound, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu ende, eguqukayo emlonyeni wakho nangaphantsi kwesisu kunye namathumbu amancinci. Umbhobho uqulethe iprosesa ye-ultrasound, ekhupha amaza esandi avelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zepancreas yakho. Nje ukuba i-insulinoma ifumaneke, ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha isampulu encinci yethishu yohlalutyo. Oku kunokusetyenziselwa ukumisela ukuba ngaba eli thumba linomhlaza.

Iphathwa njani i-Insulinoma?

Unyango olulungileyo lwe-insulinoma kukususwa ngotyando. Inxalenye encinci yepancreas inokususwa ukuba kukho ngaphezulu kwesinye ithumba. Oku kunyanga imeko.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezinokwenziwa ukususa i-insulinoma. Indawo kunye nenani lamathumba amisela ukuba loluphi utyando oluza kusetyenziswa.

Utyando lwe-Laparoscopic lukhetho olukhethiweyo ukuba kukho ithumba elinye elincinci le-pancreatic. Le yinkqubo esemngciphekweni, encinci engenayo. Ngexesha lotyando lwe-laparoscopic, ugqirha wakho wotyando wenza iziqwengana ezincinci esiswini sakho kwaye ufake i-laparoscope ngokusebenzisa usiko. I-laparoscope yityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo enokukhanya okuphezulu kunye nekhamera yesisombululo esiphakamileyo ngaphambili. Ikhamera iya kubonisa imifanekiso kwiscreen, ivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngaphakathi kwesisu sakho kwaye akhokele izixhobo. Xa i-insulinoma ifunyenwe, iya kususwa.

Inxalenye yepancreas inokufuna ukususwa ukuba kukho ii-insulinomas ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, inxenye yesisu okanye isibindi inokususwa nayo.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukususa i-insulinoma akuyi kuyinyanga imeko. Oku kuhlala kuyinyani xa amathumba enomhlaza. Unyango lwe-insulinomas yomhlaza lubandakanya:

• i-radiofrequency ablation, esebenzisa amaza erediyo ukubulala iiseli ezinomhlaza emzimbeni
• i-cryotherapy, ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwengqele egqithisileyo ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezinomhlaza
• ichemotherapy, eyindlela enobundlongondlongo yonyango lweziyobisi olunceda ukutshabalalisa iiseli ezinomhlaza

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela amayeza ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi ukuba ngaba utyando belungasebenzi.

Yiyiphi imbonakalo yexesha elide yaBantu abane-Insulinoma?

Imbonakalo yexesha elide yabantu abane-insulinoma intle kakhulu ukuba kususwe ithumba. Emva kotyando, uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kwengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, i-insulinoma inokubuya kwixesha elizayo. Ukuphindaphinda kuqheleke ngakumbi kubantu abanamathumba amaninzi.

Inani elincinci kakhulu labantu linokuphuhlisa isifo seswekile emva kotyando. Oku kuhlala kwenzeka kuphela xa yonke i-pancreas okanye icandelo elikhulu lepancreas lisuswe.

Iingxaki zinokwenzeka kubantu abane-insulinomas yomhlaza. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa amathumba enwenwele kwamanye amalungu. Ugqirha usenokungakwazi ukususa onke amathumba ngokupheleleyo. Kule meko, unyango ngakumbi kunye nokhathalelo olulandelayo luya kufuneka. Ngethamsanqa, linani elincinci kuphela le-insulinomas elinomhlaza.

Inokuthintelwa njani i-Insulinoma?

Oogqirha abazi ukuba kutheni i-insulinomas ifom, ngoko akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokubathintela. Nangona kunjalo, ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-hypoglycemia ngokwenza umthambo rhoqo kunye nokugcina ukutya okunempilo. Olu hlobo lokutya kufuneka ikakhulu lube neziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neprotheni ebuthathaka. Ungayigcina ipancreas yakho isempilweni ngokutya inyama ebomvu encinci kwaye uyeke ukutshaya ukuba uyatshaya.