Ezabasebenzi kunye nokuHanjiswa: Iindidi zabazalisikazi

Umxholo

• Iindidi zabazalisikazi
• Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (CNMs)
• Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (CMs)
• Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (ii-CPM)
• Abazalisikazi bokungena ngqo (DEMs)
• Beka ababelekisi
• UDoulas
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

Abazalisikazi ngabaqeqeshi abaqeqeshiweyo abanceda abasetyhini ngexesha lokukhulelwa nokubeleka. Banokukunceda kwiiveki ezintandathu emva kokuzalwa, okwaziwa ngokuba lixesha lasemva kokubeleka. Abazalisikazi banokunceda ekunyamekeleni usana olusandul 'ukuzalwa.

Abantu bebesenza umbelekisi kwiminyaka engamawaka eyadlulayo. Banikezela ngononophelo olulungiselelwe oomama abatsha ekhaya, esibhedlele, eklinikhi, okanye kwiziko lokuzalwa. Iindima zombelekisi zibandakanya:

• Ukujonga impilo yomama ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo nangokwasentlalweni ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa, kokubeleka kunye nexesha lasemva kokubeleka
• ukubonelela ngemfundo yomntu ngamnye, ukucebisa, ukukhathalela ngaphambi kokubeleka kunye noncedo lokuncediswa
• ukunciphisa ungenelelo lonyango
• Ukuchonga nokuthumela abasetyhini abafuna ingqalelo kugqirha

Ezinye zezibonelelo zokuba ngumbelekisi zibandakanya:

• amaqondo asezantsi emisebenzi kunye ne-anesthesia
• umngcipheko omncinci wokuzalwa kwangaphambi kokuzalwa kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-cearean
• amazinga okusuleleka asezantsi kunye nokufa kweentsana
• zimbalwa iingxaki ezikhoyo

Kuphela malunga neepesenti ze-9 zokuzalwa e-United States kubandakanya umbelekisi. Nangona kunjalo, ukubelekisa kuphucula impilo iyonke yomama nosana kwaye lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubafazi abaninzi abakhulelweyo.

Iindidi zabazalisikazi

Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa zabazalisikazi abanamanqanaba oqeqesho ahlukeneyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa. EUnited States, ababelekisi bawela phantsi kweendidi ezimbini eziphambili:

• Abongikazi ababelekisi abaqeqeshelwe ubuhlengikazi kunye nokubelekisa
• Ukungena ngokuthe ngqo abazalisikazi abaqeqeshelwe ukubelekisa kuphela

Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (CNMs)

Umongikazi oqinisekisiweyo (CNM) ngumongikazi obhalisiweyo ofumana uqeqesho olongezelelweyo ekukhulelweni nasekubeletheni kwaye une-master degree kwi-nurse midwifery.

Ii-CNM zithathwa njengenxalenye yeziko eliqhelekileyo lezonyango kwaye ziyaqinisekiswa yiBhodi yesiQinisekiso saseMidwifery yaseMelika.

Ii-CNM zifumana uqeqesho kwi-anatomy, physiology, kunye ne-obstetrics. Bayakwazi nokwenza izigqibo zonyango ezilandela imigangatho yonyango yoluntu. Uninzi lwe-CNM lubandakanyeka ekuhanjisweni kwezibhedlele kwaye bayabandakanyeka kwiiofisi zokubelekisa.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-CNM ziya kuchitha ixesha elininzi kunye nawe ngexesha lomsebenzi kunogqirha. Ii-CNM ziya kukukhuthaza kwaye zikuqeqeshe endleleni. Olu thintelo lobuqu sesinye sezizathu zokuba uninzi lwabasetyhini luxhomekeke kwii-CNM.

Nangona kunjalo, ii-CNM azikwazi ukwenza ukuhanjiswa kwe-cesarean kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi azikwazi ukwenza i-vacuum okanye i-forceps ukuhanjiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo banakekela abasetyhini abasemngciphekweni ekungenakwenzeka ukuba bafune ezi ndlela zongenelelo.

Kwezinye iimeko ii-CNM zinokunceda ii-OB-GYNs okanye ii-perinatologists ngononophelo lwabasetyhini abasemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Ukuba ucinga malunga nokufumana ukhathalelo kwi-CNM, kuya kufuneka ubuze malunga nogqirha umbelekisi osebenza naye. Nokuba abasetyhini abasemngciphekweni omkhulu banokukhula ngesiquphe iingxaki ezifuna ubungcali kunye noqeqesho olukhethekileyo lukagqirha.

Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (CMs)

Umbelekisi oqinisekisiweyo (CM) uyafana nomongikazi ongumbelekisi oqinisekisiweyo. Umahluko kuphela kukuba isidanga sokuqala se-CMs sasingengobuhlengikazi.

Abazalisikazi abaqinisekisiweyo (ii-CPM)

Umbelekisi oqinisekisiweyo (CPM) usebenza ngokuzimeleyo kunye nabasetyhini abazisa ekhaya okanye kumaziko okuzalwa. Ii-CPM ziyaya kuzalwa kwaye zihlala zibonelela ngononophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka.

Ii-CPMs kufuneka ziphumelele kuvavanyo lobuchule yiRegistry yaseMelika yaseNyakatho yabazalisikazi (i-NARM).

Abazalisikazi bokungena ngqo (DEMs)

Ukungena ngokuthe ngqo umbelekisi (i-DEM) ngokuzimeleyo kwaye ufunde ukubelekisa ngesikolo sokubelekisa, ukufundela umsebenzi, okanye inkqubo yekholeji kubabelekisi. Ii-DEMs zibonelela ngokhathalelo olupheleleyo lwaphambi kokubeleka kwaye baye ekuzalweni ekhaya okanye ekuhanjisweni kumaziko okuzalwa.

Beka ababelekisi

Umbelekisi oleleyo akangongcali kwezonyango. Uqeqesho, isatifikethi kunye nokukwazi kwabazalisikazi ukuba balele kuyahluka kuba uninzi lwamazwe alunakharityhulam, uqeqesho, okanye inkqubo efanayo yokuqinisekiswa.

Ukubeka ababelekisi ngokubanzi akujongwa njengenxalenye yoluntu oluqhelekileyo lwezonyango kwaye bahlala besebenza nabantu abasebenzisa olunye unyango.

Ngaphandle kokumbalwa, ababelekisi abalalayo abazizali iintsana ezibhedlele. Bahlala bencedisa ukuhambisa ekhaya okanye kumaziko okuzalwa.

Nangona uninzi lwabasetyhini lunokuzala ngokunqabisekileyo emakhaya phantsi kononophelo lwombelekisi olalaleyo, abanye abantu basetyhini baba neengxaki ezinzima emva kokuba uqalile umsebenzi. Kuba uqeqesho lwababelekisi abalawulwa alulawulwa, amandla okuqonda iingxaki ayahluka.

Uninzi lweengxaki zokubelekisa zenzeka ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba kwanonyango olukhawulezileyo ngugqirha lunokungasebenzi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa itekhnoloji yonyango yale mihla. Ngenxa yoku, bambalwa oogqirha kunyango oluqhelekileyo lwaseMelika abancomela ukuzalwa ekhaya okanye ukuhanjiswa ngabazalisikazi abalalayo.

UDoulas

I-doula ngokubanzi inceda umama ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwaye ngexesha lomsebenzi kunye nokuhanjiswa. Banika inkxaso ngokwasemoyeni nangokwasemzimbeni kunina kwaye banokubanceda ukubafundisa. Nangona kunjalo, ababoneleli ngonyango.

I-Doulas iyafumaneka kunina ngaphambi kokuzalwa ukunceda ukuza nesicwangciso sokuzalwa kwaye uphendule nayiphi na imibuzo anokuba nayo umama.

Ngexesha lokuzalwa komntwana, i-doula iya kubonelela ngentuthuzelo kumama ngokunceda ngokuphefumla kunye nokuphumla. Kananjalo baya kubonelela ngokuthambisa nangoncedo ngezikhundla zabasebenzi. Emva kokuzalwa komntwana, i-doula iya kumnceda umama ngokuncancisa kwaye inokukunceda ngexesha lasemva kokubeleka.

I-doula iya kubakho kumama kwaye imncede ukuba abe nokuzala okukhuselekileyo nokuqinisekileyo, nokuba kubandakanya amayeza okanye utyando.

Imbonakalo

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ufuna ukubeleka esibhedlele, ekhaya, okanye kwiziko lokuzalwa, kungcono ukuba wazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweziqinisekiso okanye inkxaso oyifunayo kumbelekisi wakho. Olu lwazi luyakukunceda uqonde uhlobo lomdlezana ofuna ukusebenza nalo.

Ngokubanzi, ukuba nombelekisi kuya kukunika inkxaso eyongezelelweyo yeemvakalelo kunye nomzimba kwaye uncede inkqubo yokuzala ihambe kakuhle. Umbelekisi naye uya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni impilo yakho kunye nempilo yosana lwakho.