Umsebenzi kunye nokuHanjiswa: i-Episiotomy

Umxholo

• Ukhathalelo lwe-Episiotomy Emva koKuziswa
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Yintoni i-Episiotomy?

Igama elithi episiotomy libhekisa kubume bokuvulwa kwelungu lobufazi ukukhawulezisa ukuhanjiswa okanye ukunqanda okanye ukunciphisa ukukrazuka okunokubakho. I-Episiotomy yeyona nkqubo iqhelekileyo eyenziwa kwimihla yokubelekisa yanamhlanje. Abanye ababhali baqikelela ukuba uninzi lwe-50 ukuya kwi-60% yezigulana ezihambisa ngokwesini kwilungu ziya kuba ne-episiotomy. Amaxabiso e-episiotomy ayahluka kwihlabathi liphela kwaye anokuba sezantsi ngama-30% kumazwe aseYurophu.

Inkqubo ye-episiotomy yachazwa okokuqala ngo-1742; emva koko yafumana ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi, ifikelela kwinqanaba le-1920s. Izibonelelo zayo ezichaziweyo zibandakanya ukugcinwa kwemfezeko yomgangatho we-pelvic kunye nokuthintela ukuphuma kwesibeleko kunye nolunye usizi lobufazi. Ukusukela ngee-1920s, inani labasetyhini abafumana i-episiotomy ngexesha lokuhanjiswa kwabo liye lahla ngokuthe chu. Kwii-obstetrics zanamhlanje, i-episiotomy ayenziwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezithile kwaye xa kusenziwa ngugqirha onobuchule, i-episiotomy inokuba luncedo.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokwenza i-episiotomy:

• Ixesha lesibini lomsebenzi;
• Ukubandezeleka komntwana;
• Ukuhanjiswa kwelungu lobufazi kufuna uncedo ngokusetyenziswa kwe-forceps okanye i-vacuum extractor;
• Usana kumboniso webreech;
• Amawele okanye ukuhanjiswa okuninzi;
• Usana olukhulu;
• Indawo engaqhelekanga yentloko yomntwana; kwaye
• Xa umama enembali yotyando lwe-pelvic.

Ukhathalelo lwe-Episiotomy Emva koKuziswa

Ukunyamekelwa kwenxeba le-episiotomy kuqala kwangoko emva kokubeleka kwaye kufuneka kubandakanya indibaniselwano yokhathalelo lwenxeba lwasekhaya kunye nolawulo lwentlungu. Ngexesha leyure zokuqala ezili-12 emva kokubeleka, ipakethi yomkhenkce inokuba luncedo ekuthinteleni iintlungu kunye nokudumba kwesiza se-episiotomy. Ukuqanjwa kufuneka kugcinwe kucocekile kwaye komile ukuthintela usulelo. Ukuhlanjwa rhoqo kwe-sitz (ukumanzisa indawo yenxeba kumanzi amancinci ashushu kangangemizuzu engama-20 amatyeli aliqela ngemini), kunokunceda ekugcineni indawo icocekile. Indawo ye-episiotomy nayo kufuneka icocwe emva kokuhamba kwamathumbu okanye emva kokuchama; oku kunokufezekiswa ngokusetyenziswa kwebhotile yokutshiza kunye namanzi ashushu. Ibhotile yokutshiza inokusetyenziswa ngexesha lokuchama ukunciphisa intlungu eyenzekayo xa umchamo udibana nenxeba. Emva kokuba isiza sitshiziwe okanye sifakwe emanzini, indawo leyo kufuneka yomiswe ngokucinywa kancinci ngephepha leethishu (okanye isomisi seenwele sinokusetyenziselwa ukomisa indawo ngaphandle kokucaphuka kwephepha elirhabaxa).

Ubunzima be-episiotomy yelungu lobufazi okanye iinyembezi zidla ngokubhekiswa kuzo ngeedigri, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokusikwa kunye / okanye ukusikwa. I-episiotomies yesithathu- kunye neyesine-degree kubandakanya ukubethelwa kwe-anal sphincter okanye i-rectal mucosa. Kule meko, i-stool softeners inokuqeshwa ukuthintela ukonzakala ngakumbi okanye ukwenzakala kwakhona kwendawo ye-episiotomy. Ukuququzelela ukuphiliswa kwenxeba elikhulu, isigulana sinokugcinwa kwizithambisi zesitulo ngaphezulu kweveki.

Izifundo ezininzi ziye zavavanya ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza ahlukeneyo entlungu kulawulo lweentlungu ezinxulumene neepisiotomies. Unyango lwe-nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory, njenge-ibuprofen (Motrin), kuye kwafunyanwa kuyeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphelisa iintlungu. Nangona kunjalo, i-acetaminophen (iTylenol) ikwasetyenziswa kunye neziphumo ezikhuthazayo. Xa kwenziwe i-episiotomy enkulu, ugqirha unokuyalela amayeza e-narcotic ukunceda ukunciphisa iintlungu.

Izigulana kufuneka zikuphephe ukusetyenziswa kweetampon okanye iidouki ngexesha lasemva kokubeleka ukuqinisekisa ukuphiliswa okufanelekileyo kunye nokuthintela ukwenzakala kwakhona kwendawo. Izigulana kufuneka ziyelelwe ukuba zingazibandakanyi nokwabelana ngesondo de i-episiotomy iphinde yavavanywa kwaye iphiliswe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kungathatha ukuya kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokubeleka.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Zimbalwa, ukuba zikhona, izizathu ze-episiotomy ezenziweyo ngesiqhelo. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi-umbelekisi kufuneka enze isigqibo ngexesha lokuhanjiswa malunga nemfuno ye-episiotomy. Ingxoxo evulekileyo phakathi komboneleli kunye nesigulana ngexesha lotyelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kwaye ngexesha lokuhanjiswa yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Kukho iimeko apho i-episiotomy inokuba luncedo kakhulu kwaye inokuthintela isidingo secandelo le-cearean okanye ukuncedisa ukuhanjiswa kwesini (kusetyenziswa i-forceps okanye i-vacuum extractor).