Umbhali: Judy Howell
Umhla Wokudalwa: 28 Eyekhala 2021
Hlaziya Umhla: 15 Eyenkanga 2024
Anonim
Diabetes medications - SGLT2 inhibitors - Canagliflozin (Invokana)
Ividiyo: Diabetes medications - SGLT2 inhibitors - Canagliflozin (Invokana)

Umxholo

Yintoni i-Invokana?

I-Invokana sisiyobisi esichaziweyo. Yamkelwe yi-FDA ukuba isetyenziswe kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 ukuya:

  • Ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Ukusetyenziselwa oku, i-Invokana imiselwe ukongeza kwindlela yokutya kunye nokuzilolonga ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.
  • Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zentliziyo. Ukusetyenziswa kolu vavanyo, u-Invokana unikwa abantu abadala abanesifo sentliziyo. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha okungakhokeleli ekufeni. Kwaye ichiza lisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwintliziyo okanye ingxaki yemithambo yegazi.
  • Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile kubantu abane-nephropathy yeswekile ene-albinuria. Ngokusebenzisa oku, u-Invokana unikwa abantu abadala abane-nephropathy yeswekile (ukonzakala kwezintso okubangelwa sisifo seswekile) nge-albinuria * engaphezulu kwama-300 milligram ngosuku. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko woku:
    • Isifo sesifo sezintso
    • Ukufa kubangelwa yintliziyo okanye ingxaki yegazi
    • liphindwe kabini inqanaba legazi le-creatinine
    • isidingo sokulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yokusilela kwentliziyo

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-Invokana kunye nokusikelwa umda kokusetyenziswa kwayo, jonga icandelo le- "Invokana isebenzisa" ngezantsi.


Iinkcukacha zeziyobisi

I-Invokana iqulethe ichizagliflozin. Yeyakho iklasi yamachiza abizwa ngokuba yi-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. (Iklasi yeziyobisi ichaza iqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo.)

I-Invokana iza njengecwecwe elithathwa ngomlomo. Itholakala kumandla amabini: 100 mg kunye ne-300 mg.

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo

Ngolwazi malunga nokusebenza kwe-Invokana ekusebenziseni kwayo okuvunyiweyo, jonga icandelo "lokusebenzisa i-Invokana" apha ngezantsi.

Ingenokana generic

I-Invokana iqulethe isiyobisi esinye esisebenzayo: i-canagliflozin. Ifumaneka kuphela njengonyango lwegama lophawu. Okwangoku ayifumaneki ngendlela eqhelekileyo. (Ichiza elenza lafana nalawo aveliswe ngumenzi liyikopi ngqo yesiyobisi esisebenzayo kwiyeza elinegama lophawu.)

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-Invokana

I-Invokana inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinobulali okanye ezinobuzaza. Olu luhlu lulandelayo luqulathe ezinye zeziphumo eziphambili ezinokubakho ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana. Olu luhlu alubandakanyi zonke iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho.

Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-Invokana okanye ukuba ungazilawula njani, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.


Phawula: Ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) umkhondo weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivunyiweyo. Ukuba ungathanda ukwazisa i-FDA malunga nefuthe elisecaleni onalo nge-Invokana, ungakwenza oko ngeMedWatch.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-Invokana zingabandakanya *:

  • usulelo lomchamo
  • ukuchama kaninzi kunesiqhelo
  • ukunxanwa
  • ukuqhina
  • isicaphucaphu
  • usulelo lwegwele men emadodeni nakwabasetyhini
  • ukurhawuzelela kwilungu lobufazi

Uninzi lweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuhamba zingaphelanga iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa. Ukuba zinzima kakhulu okanye azihambi, thetha nogqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

Kuya kufuneka ubize nogqirha wakho ukuba ucinga ukuba unosulelo lomchamo okanye usulelo lwegwele.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu ezivela kwi-Invokana aziqhelekanga, kodwa zinokwenzeka. Shayela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unemiphumo emibi. Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka.


Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu kunye neempawu zazo zinokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

  • Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (inqanaba lamanzi aphantsi), elinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
    • isiyezi
    • ndiziva ndidiniwe
    • intloko elula
    • ubuthathaka, ngakumbi xa usukuma
  • Hypoglycemia (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi). Iimpawu zingabandakanya:
    • ukozela
    • intloko ebuhlungu
    • ukudideka
    • ubuthathaka
    • indlala
    • ukucaphuka
    • ukubila
    • ndiziva ndikhathazekile
    • ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
  • Impendulo ebukhali. *
  • Ukuncitshiswa kwamalungu asezantsi.
  • I-ketoacidosis yeswekile (amazinga anyukayo eetoni egazini okanye kumchamo).
  • Isilonda esibhinqileyo sikaFinenier (usulelo olomeleleyo kufutshane namalungu esini).
  • Ukonakala kwezintso. *
  • Ukuqhekeka kwethambo. *

Iinkcukacha zesiphumo

Unokuzibuza ukuba zenzeka kangaphi ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ngeli chiza. Nazi ezinye iinkcukacha kwiziphumo ezithile ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangela okanye ezingabangeli.

Ukuphendula ngokuchaseneyo

Njengoninzi lweziyobisi, abanye abantu banokuphendula emva kokuthatha i-Invokana. Kwizifundo zeklinikhi, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4,2% yabantu abathatha i-Invokana baxela ukuba banempembelelo encinci.

Iimpawu zokuphendula kancinci kunokubandakanya:

  • irhashalala
  • ukucheba
  • ukucoca (ukufudumala, ukuvuvukala, okanye ubomvu kwesikhumba sakho)

Impendulo eyingozi kakhulu inqabile kodwa inokwenzeka. Bambalwa kuphela abantu kwizifundo zeklinikhi abaye baxela iimpendulo ezinzima xa bethatha u-Invokana.

Iimpawu zokungaziphathi kakuhle kunokubandakanya:

  • ukudumba phantsi kolusu lwakho, ikakhulu kwiinkophe zakho, imilebe, izandla, okanye iinyawo
  • ukudumba kolwimi lwakho, umlomo, okanye umqala
  • ingxaki yokuphefumla

Fowunela ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba uneempendulo ezigwenxa kwi-Invokana. Kodwa fowunela i-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unonyango olungxamisekileyo.

Ukunqunyulwa

I-Invokana inokunyusa umngcipheko wokunqunyulwa kwemilenze engezantsi. (Ngokunqunyulwa, elinye lamalungu akho lisusiwe.)

Izifundo ezibini zifumene umngcipheko okhulayo wokunqunyulwa kwamalungu asezantsi kubantu abathathe i-Invokana kwaye:

  • chwetheza 2 isifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo, okanye
  • uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile kwaye babesemngciphekweni wesifo sentliziyo

Kwizifundo, ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezi-3.5 zabantu abathathe u-Invokana babenqunyulwe ilungu lomzimba. Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangakhange bathathe iyeza, u-Invokana uwuphindaphinde umngcipheko wokunqunyulwa. Ubhontsi kunye ne-midfoot (indawo ye-arch) yayiyeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yokunqunyulwa. Abanye abantu banqunyulwe imilenze.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale uthathe u-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wokunqunyulwa amalungu. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba ubunqunyulwe ngaphambili. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuba ujikeleza igazi okanye ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, okanye izilonda ezinyaweni zeswekile.

Fowunela ugqirha ngoko nangoko uyeke ukuthatha i-Invokana ukuba:

  • kuva iintlungu zonyawo olutsha okanye ukuthamba
  • banezilonda ezinyaweni okanye izilonda
  • fumana usulelo lwenyawo

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba iimpawu zakho ziziva zisongela ubomi okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba unempilo kaxakeka. Ukuba uphuhlisa iimpawu okanye iimeko ezonyusa umngcipheko wokunqunyulwa kwamalungu asezantsi, ugqirha wakho unokuyeka ukuthatha i-Invokana.

Isifo segwele

Ukuthatha i-Invokana kwandisa umngcipheko wosulelo lwegwele. Oku kuyinyani kumadoda nabasetyhini, ngokweedatha ezivela kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Kwezilingo, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-11.6% yabasetyhini kunye ne-4.2% yamadoda babenesifo esinegwele.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uphuhlise usulelo lwegwele ukuba ubunayo ngaphambili okanye ukuba uyindoda engalukanga.

Ukuba ufumana usulelo lwegwele ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokucebisa ngeendlela zokuyinyanga.

I-ketoacidosis yeswekile

Nangona kunqabile, abanye abantu abathatha i-Invokana banokuphuhlisa imeko enzulu ebizwa ngokuba sisifo seswekile ketoacidosis. Le meko yenzeka xa iiseli emzimbeni wakho zingayifumani iswekile (iswekile) eziyifunayo kumandla. Ngaphandle kwesi swekile, umzimba wakho usebenzisa amanqatha ukufumana amandla. Kwaye oku kungakhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu eekhemikhali ezineasidi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-ketone egazini lakho.

Iimpawu zesifo seswekile ketoacidosis inokubandakanya:

  • ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
  • ukuchama kaninzi kunesiqhelo
  • isicaphucaphu
  • ukugabha
  • isisu esibuhlungu
  • ukudinwa
  • ubuthathaka
  • ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
  • umphefumlo onuka iziqhamo
  • ukudideka

Kwiimeko ezinzima, isifo seswekile ketoacidosis kunokubangela isiqaqa okanye ukufa. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba nesifo seswekile ketoacidosis, tsalela ugqirha kwangoko. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane.

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-Invokana, ugqirha wakho uza kuvavanya umngcipheko wokuba nesifo seswekile ketoacidosis. Ukuba unomngcipheko okhulayo wale meko, ugqirha wakho unokukujonga ngokusondeleyo ngexesha lonyango. Kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ngokungathi uyenziwa uqhaqho, banokuphelisa okwethutyana ukuthatha i-Invokana.

Isifo esibuhlungu sikaFournier

I-Fournier's gangrene sisifo esinqabileyo kwindawo ephakathi kwamalungu akho esini kunye ne-rectum. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

  • iintlungu, ukuthamba, ukudumba, okanye ukuphinda ubomvu kwindawo yakho yesini okanye yecala
  • ifiva
  • i-malaise (ukuziva ungonwabanga)

Abantu abakwizilingo zeklinikhi ze-Invokana khange basifumane isifo esibuhlungu sikaFournier. Kodwa emva kokuba iyeza livunyiwe ukuba lisetyenziswe, abanye abantu baxele ukuba banesifo esibuhlungu sikaFournier ngelixa bethatha i-Invokana okanye ezinye iziyobisi kudidi olunye lweziyobisi. (Iklasi yeziyobisi ichaza iqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo.)

Iimeko ezibi kakhulu zokulimala kuka-Fournier zikhokelele kulaliswa esibhedlele, kutyando oluninzi, okanye nasekufeni.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba uvelile i-gangni ye-Fournier, biza ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Banokufuna ukuba uyeke ukuthatha u-Invokana. Kananjalo baya kuncoma unyango losulelo.

Ukonakala kwezintso

Ukuthatha i-Invokana kunokunyusa umngcipheko womonakalo wezintso. Iimpawu zomonakalo wezintso zingabandakanya:

  • ukuchama kaninzi kunesiqhelo
  • ukudumba emilenzeni, emaqatheni, okanye ezinyaweni
  • ukudideka
  • ukudinwa (ukunqongophala kwamandla)
  • isicaphucaphu
  • iintlungu esifubeni okanye uxinzelelo
  • ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
  • ukuxhuzula

Emva kokuba iyeza livunyiwe ukuba lisetyenziswe, abanye abantu abathatha u-Invokana baxele ukuba izintso zabo azisebenzi kakuhle. Xa aba bantu bayekayo ukuthatha u-Invokana, izintso zabo zaqala ukusebenza ngesiqhelo kwakhona.

Kungenzeka ukuba ube neengxaki zezintso ukuba:

  • Unamanzi (unenqanaba elisezantsi lamanzi)
  • baneengxaki zezintso okanye zentliziyo
  • thatha amanye amayeza achaphazela izintso zakho
  • badala kuneminyaka engama-65

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-Invokana, ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya ukuba zisebenza njani izintso zakho. Ukuba unengxaki yezintso, ngekhe ukwazi ukuthatha i-Invokana.

Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza njani ngexesha lonyango lwakho kunye ne-Invokana. Ukuba bafumanisa naziphi na iingxaki zezintso, banokutshintsha idosi okanye bayeke unyango kunye neziyobisi.

Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo

Kwisifundo seklinikhi, abanye abantu abathathe u-Invokana banamava okwaphuka kwethambo (ithambo elaphukileyo). Ukuqhekeka kwakungasoloko kunzima.

Iimpawu zokuphuka kwethambo zingabandakanya:

  • intlungu
  • ukudumba
  • ukuthamba
  • ukugruzuka
  • ukukhubazeka

Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokophuka okanye ukuba ukhathazekile ngokwaphula ithambo, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokucebisa ngeendlela zokunceda ukukhusela eli cala.

Ukuwa

Kwizilingo ezisithoba zeklinikhi, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-2.1% yabantu abathathe i-Invokana bawile. Kwakukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokuwa kwiiveki zokuqala zonyango.

Ukuba uwile ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana okanye ukuba ukhathazekile ngokuwa, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokucebisa ngeendlela zokunceda ukukhusela eli cala.

Ipancreatitis (hayi isiphumo esisecaleni)

I-Pancreatitis (ukudumba kwi-pancreas) yayinqabile kakhulu kuvavanyo lweklinikhi. Iirhafu zepancreatitis zazifana phakathi kwabantu abathathe i-Invokana kunye nabo bathatha indawo ye-placebo (unyango ngaphandle kwesiyobisi esisebenzayo). Ngenxa yezi ziphumo zifanayo, akunakulindeleka ukuba i-Invokana ibangele ukudumba kwengqondo.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula kwepancreatitis kunye no-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Intlungu edibeneyo (hayi isiphumo esisecaleni)

Intlungu edibeneyo ayizange ibe sisiphumo esisecaleni se-Invokana nakoluphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iziyobisi zeswekile zinokubangela iintlungu ezidibeneyo. Ngapha koko, uLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) lukhuphe isibhengezo sokhuseleko kwiklasi yesifo seswekile esibizwa ngokuba yi-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. (Udidi lweziyobisi luchaza iqela lamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo.) Isibhengezo sathi i-DPP-4 inhibitors inokubangela iintlungu ngokudibeneyo.

Kodwa u-Invokana akangowodidi lweziyobisi. Endaweni yoko, ikudidi lwamachiza abizwa ngokuba yi-sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga neentlungu ezidibeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ukulahleka kweenwele (hayi isiphumo esisecaleni)

Ukulahleka kweenwele kwakungeyompembelelo esecaleni ye-Invokana nakoluphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango.

Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokulahleka kweenwele, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukunceda ubone ukuba yintoni ebangela oko kunye neendlela zokuyinyanga.

Inqanaba le-Invokana

Idosi ye-Invokana ugqirha oyichazayo iya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Oku kubandakanya:

  • Uhlobo kunye nobukhali bemeko oyisebenzisayo ukunyanga i-Invokana
  • iminyaka yakho
  • ezinye iimeko zonyango onokuba nazo
  • Zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani izintso zakho
  • amanye amayeza onokuthi uwathathe nge-Invokana

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ugqirha wakho uya kukuqala kwiqondo eliphantsi. Emva koko baya kuyilungisa ngokuhamba kwexesha ukufikelela kwisixa esifanelekileyo kuwe. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi ekugqibeleni anike idosi encinci enika isiphumo esifunayo.

Olu lwazi lulandelayo luchaza iidosi eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo okanye ezicetyiswayo. Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthatha idosi ekumisela ugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho uya kumisela eyona idosi ilungele iimfuno zakho.

Iifom zamachiza kunye namandla

I-Invokana iza njengecwecwe. Itholakala kumandla amabini:

  • 100 milligrams (mg), eza njengecwecwe elityheli
  • I-300 mg, eza njengecwecwe elimhlophe

Idosi yokunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi

Kunconywe iidosi ze-Invokana ukuthoba amanqanaba eswekile yegazi esekwe kumlinganiso obizwa ngokuba ngumlinganiso wokucoca ulwelo lwe-glomerular (eGFR). Lo mlinganiselo wenziwa kusetyenziswa uvavanyo lwegazi. Kwaye ibonisa ukuba izintso zakho zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani.

Kubantu abane:

  • I-eGFR ye-60 ubuncinci, abanakuphulukana nomsebenzi wezintso ekuphulukaneni nomsebenzi wentso. Idosi yabo ecetyiswayo ye-Invokana yi-100 mg kanye yonke imihla. Ugqirha wabo unokunyusa idosi yabo ukuya kwi-300 mg kanye yonke imihla ukuba kufuneka ukunceda ukulawula inqanaba leswekile yegazi.
  • I-eGFR ye-30 ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-60, banokulahleka okuphakathi kokumodareyitha kokusebenza kwezintso. Idosi yabo ecetyiswayo ye-Invokana yi-100 mg kanye yonke imihla.
  • I-eGFR engaphantsi kwama-30, banelahleko enkulu ekusebenzeni kwezintso. Akucetyiswa ukuba baqale ukusebenzisa i-Invokana. Kodwa ukuba sele belisebenzisa eli chiza kwaye bedlula inqanaba elithile le-albin (iprotein) kumchamo wabo, banokwazi ukuqhubeka nokuthatha i-Invokana.

Phawula: I-Invokana ayifanele isetyenziswe ngabantu abasebenzisa unyango lwe-dialysis. (I-Dialysis yinkqubo esetyenziselwa ukucoca iimveliso zenkunkuma egazini lakho xa izintso zakho zingaphilanga ngokwaneleyo ukuba zenze njalo.)

Idosi yokunciphisa umngcipheko wentliziyo

Iidosi ezinconyelweyo ze-Invokana zokunciphisa umngcipheko wentliziyo ziyafana nokunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Jonga icandelo elingentla ngeenkcukacha.

Idosi yokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kwi-nephropathy yeswekile

Iingcebiso ezinconyelweyo ze-Invokana zokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kwi-nephropathy yeswekile ziyafana nezo zisehlisayo kumanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Jonga icandelo elingentla ngeenkcukacha.

Kuthekani ukuba ndiphose idosi?

Ukuba uphosa idosi ye-Invokana, yithathe ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba ukhumbule. Ukuba phantse lixesha ledosi yakho elandelayo, tsiba idosi ephosiweyo kwaye uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha eliqhelekileyo. Ungazami ukubamba ngokuthatha iidosi ezimbini ngexesha elinye. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziyingozi.

Sebenzisa isixhobo sokukhumbuza kunokukunceda ukhumbule ukuthatha i-Invokana yonke imihla.

Qiniseka ukuba uthatha i-Invokana kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalela.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndisebenzise eli chiza ixesha elide?

Ukuba wena nogqirha uyavuma ukuba u-Invokana usebenza kakuhle ngenxa yakho, uya kuyisebenzisa ixesha elide.

Ezinye iindlela zokuthatha i-Invokana

Kukho ezinye iziyobisi ezikhoyo ezinokunyanga imeko yakho. Abanye banokukulungela ngcono kunabanye. Ukuba unomdla wokufumana enye indlela ye-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza anokukusebenzela.

Ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abane-2 yeswekile

Imizekelo yezinye iziyobisi ezingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 zibandakanya:

  • I-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, enje nge:
    • empagliflozin (Jardiance)
    • dapagflozin (Farxiga)
    • ertugliflozin (Steglatro)
  • incretin mimetics / glucagon-efana nepeptide-1 (GLP-1) i-agonists ye-receptor, enje nge:
    • dulaglutide (Trulicity)
    • Ukunyaniseka (Bydureon, Byetta)
    • iliraglutide (iVictoza)
    • Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)
    • semaglutide (iOzempic)
    • ialbiglutide (iTanzeum)
  • metformin (iGlucophage, iGlumetza, iRiomet)
  • I-dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, enje:
    • alogliptin (eNesina)
    • linagliptin (I-Tradjenta)
    • iSaxagliptin (iOnglyza)
    • sitagliptin (Januwari)
  • thiazolidinediones, ezinje:
    • pioglitazone (Actos)
    • I-rosiglitazone (iAvandia)
  • i-alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, ezinje:
    • acarbose (Qikelela)
    • Imiglitol (iGlyset)
  • sulfonylureas, ezinje:
    • chlorpropamide
    • I-glimepiride (Amaryl)
    • glipizide (Glucotrol)
    • iglyburide (Diabeta, Glynase PresTabs)

Ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo kubantu abane-2 yeswekile

Imizekelo yezinye iziyobisi ezingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zentliziyo kubantu * abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 zibandakanya:

  • ezinye i-SGLT2 inhibitors, ezinje nge-empagliflozin (Jardiance)
  • I-glucagon-efana ne-peptide-1 (GLP-1) i-agonists ye-receptor, efana ne-liraglutide (i-Victoza)
  • iziyobisi ze-statin, ezinje:
    • atorvastatin (Lipitor)
    • Irosuvastatin (Crestor)

Ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kwi-nephropathy yeswekile kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2

Imizekelo yezinye iziyobisi ezingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zesifo seswekile - kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 kubandakanya:

  • i-angiotensin eguqula i-enzyme inhibitors, njenge-lisinopril
  • ii-angiotensin receptor blockers, ezinje nge-irbesartan

Invokana kunye nezinye iziyobisi

Unokuzibuza ukuba i-Invokana ithelekiswa njani namanye amayeza amiselwe abantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Apha ngezantsi kuthelekiswa phakathi kuka-Invokana kunye namayeza athile.

I-Invokana vs Jardiance

I-Invokana kunye neJardiance (empagliflozin) bobabini bakwiklasi efanayo yamayeza: isodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Oku kuthetha ukuba basebenza ngendlela efanayo unyango lwe-2 yeswekile.

I-Invokana iqulethe ichizagliflozin. I-Jardiance iqulethe ichiza empagliflozin.

Sebenzisa

Zombini i-Invokana kunye neJardiance zivunyiwe nguLawulo lokutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (FDA):

  • ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2
  • ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwenhliziyo kubantu abadala abaneentlobo ezimbini zesifo sikashukela kunye nesifo senhliziyo

Ukongeza, i-Invokana ivunyiwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko woku:

  • Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha okungakhokeleli ekufeni kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo.
  • Iingxaki ezithile ze-nephropathy yeswekile kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. (Nge-nephropathy yeswekile, unengxaki yezintso ebangelwa sisifo seswekile.)

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusetyenziswa okuvunyiweyo kuka-Invokana kunye nokusikelwa umda kokusetyenziswa, jonga icandelo "lokusebenzisa i-Invokana" apha ngasentla.

Iifom zeziyobisi kunye nolawulo

Zombini i-Invokana kunye neJardiance ziza njengeetafile ozithatha ngomlomo kusasa.

Ungazithatha zombini iziyobisi kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya, kodwa kungcono ukuthatha i-Invokana ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa.

Iziphumo kunye neengozi

I-Invokana kunye neJardiance bavela kwiklasi enye yeziyobisi kwaye benza ngeendlela ezifanayo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoku, babangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanayo. Apha ngezantsi kunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Olu luhlu lunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-Invokana, neJardiance, okanye zombini iziyobisi (xa zithathwa ngokwahlukeneyo).

  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana:
    • unxano
    • ukuqhina
  • Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngeJardiance:
    • intlungu edibeneyo
    • ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol
  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana kunye neJardiance:
    • usulelo lomchamo
    • ukuchama kaninzi kunesiqhelo
    • isicaphucaphu
    • ukurhawuzelela kwilungu lobufazi
    • usuleleko igwele amadoda nabafazi

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Olu luhlu lunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho nge-Invokana, neJardiance, okanye zombini iziyobisi (xa zithathwa ngokwahlukeneyo).

  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana:
    • ukunqunyulwa kwelungu elingaphantsi
    • amathambo aqhekekile
  • Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngeJardiance:
    • zimbalwa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana kunye neJardiance:
    • Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (inqanaba elisezantsi lamanzi), elinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi
    • I-ketoacidosis yeswekile (amanqanaba anyukayo eetoni egazini okanye kumchamo)
    • ukulimala kwezintso *
    • usulelo olunzima lomchamo
    • i-hypoglycemia (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi)
    • I-Fournier's gangrene (usulelo olomeleleyo kufutshane namalungu esini)
    • negazi lakho kakhulu

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo

La machiza awathelekiswanga entloko ukuya entloko kwizifundo zeklinikhi. Kodwa izifundo zifumene zombini i-Invokana kunye neJardiance ukuba isebenze ekusebenziseni kwabo okuvunyiweyo.

Iindleko

I-Invokana kunye neJardiance zombini zineziyobisi ezinamagama. Azinazo iifom zohlobo oluqhelekileyo. Amayeza egama leBrand ahlala exabisa ngaphezu kwegeneric.

Ngokwengqikelelo evela kwi-GoodRx.com, i-Invokana kunye neJardiance ngokubanzi zibiza malunga nokufanayo. Elona xabiso ubuya kulihlawula ngalo naliphi na ichiza lixhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho seinshurensi, indawo okuyo, nakwikhemesti oyisebenzisayo.

Invokana vs.Farxiga

I-Invokana ne-Farxiga bakudidi olunye lwamayeza: isodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors. Oku kuthetha ukuba basebenza ngendlela efanayo unyango lwe-2 yeswekile.

I-Invokana iqulethe ichizagliflozin. I-Farxiga iqulethe ichiza elithi dapagliflozin.

Sebenzisa

Zombini i-Invokana kunye ne-Farxiga zivunyiwe liCandelo loLawulo lokutya kunye neDrug (FDA) ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2.

I-Invokana ikwavunyiwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko woku:

  • isifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha okungakhokeleli ekufeni kubantu abane-2 yeswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo
  • ukufa kwenhliziyo kubantu abaneentlobo ezimbini zesifo sikashukela kunye nesifo senhliziyo
  • iingxaki ezithile zesifo seswekile nephropathy kubantu abane-2 yeswekile

I-Farxiga ikwavunyiwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko woku:

  • ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kubantu abanesifo sikashukela sesi-2 kunye nokuba sisifo senhliziyo okanye izinto ezinobungozi besifo senhliziyo
  • ukufa kwentliziyo kunye nokulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yokusilela kwentliziyo kubantu abadala abanoluhlobo oluthile lokusilela kwentliziyo ngamaqhekeza ancitshisiweyo okulahla

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusetyenziswa okuvunyiweyo kuka-Invokana kunye nokusikelwa umda kokusetyenziswa, jonga icandelo "lokusebenzisa i-Invokana" apha ngasentla.

Iifom zeziyobisi kunye nolawulo

Zombini i-Invokana neFarxiga ziza njengeetafile ozithatha ngomlomo kusasa. Ungazithatha zombini iziyobisi kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya, kodwa kungcono ukuthatha i-Invokana ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa.

Iziphumo kunye neengozi

U-Invokana no-Farxiga basuka kwiklasi enye yeziyobisi kwaye benza ngendlela efanayo emzimbeni. Ngenxa yoku, babangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifanayo. Apha ngezantsi kunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo

Olu luhlu lunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho nge-Invokana, neFarxiga, okanye zombini iziyobisi (xa zithathwa ngokwahlukeneyo).

  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana:
    • unxano
  • Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngeFarxiga:
    • izifo zokuphefumla ezinje ngengqele eqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane
    • umqolo obuhlungu okanye ilungu lomlenze
    • ukungonwabi ngelixa uchama
  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana kunye ne-Farxiga:
    • usulelo lomchamo
    • ukuchama kaninzi kunesiqhelo
    • isicaphucaphu
    • ukuqhina
    • ukurhawuzelela kwilungu lobufazi
    • usuleleko igwele amadoda nabafazi

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu

Olu luhlu lunemizekelo yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho nge-Invokana, neFarxiga, okanye zombini iziyobisi (xa zithathwa ngokwahlukeneyo).

  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana:
    • ukunqunyulwa kwelungu elingaphantsi
  • Ngaba kunokwenzeka ngeFarxiga:
    • zimbalwa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu
  • Inokwenzeka nge-Invokana kunye ne-Farxiga:
    • amathambo aqhekekile
    • Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (inqanaba elisezantsi lamanzi), elinokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi
    • I-ketoacidosis yeswekile (amanqanaba anyukayo eetoni egazini okanye kumchamo)
    • ukulimala kwezintso *
    • usulelo olunzima lomchamo
    • i-hypoglycemia (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi)
    • I-Fournier's gangrene (usulelo olomeleleyo kufutshane namalungu esini)
    • negazi lakho kakhulu

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo

La machiza awathelekiswanga entloko ukuya entloko kwizifundo zeklinikhi. Kodwa izifundo zifumanise ukuba zombini i-Invokana kunye ne-Farxiga ziyasebenza ekusebenziseni kwazo okuvunyiweyo.

Iindleko

I-Invokana ne-Farxiga zombini zineziyobisi ezinamagama. Azinazo iifom zohlobo oluqhelekileyo. Amayeza egama leBrand ahlala exabisa ngaphezu kwegeneric.

Ngokwengqikelelo evela kwiGoodRx.com, i-Invokana neFariga ngokubanzi zibiza malunga nokufanayo. Elona xabiso ubuya kulihlawula ngalo naliphi na ichiza lixhomekeke kwisicwangciso sakho seinshurensi, indawo okuyo, kunye nekhemesti oyisebenzisayo.

Iindleko ze-Invokana

Njengawo onke amayeza, iindleko ze-Invokana zingahluka.

Ixabiso eliza kuhlawulwa lixhomekeke kwi-inshurensi yakho kunye nekhemisi oyisebenzisayo.

Uncedo lwezezimali kunye neinshurensi

Ukuba ufuna inkxaso yemali ukuhlawulela i-Invokana, uncedo luyafumaneka.

UJanssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., umenzi we-Invokana, unikezela ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yiJanssen CarePath Savings Programme. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya kunye nokufumanisa ukuba uyilungele na inkxaso, tsalela umnxeba ku-877-468-6526 okanye undwendwele iwebhusayithi yenkqubo.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Invokana

Ulawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi (i-FDA) livuma amayeza amiselweyo anjenge-Invokana ukunyanga iimeko ezithile.

I-Invokana kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2

I-Invokana ivunyiwe yi-FDA ukuba isetyenziswe kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 ukuya:

  • Ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Ukusetyenziselwa oku, i-Invokana imiselwe ukongeza kwindlela yokutya kunye nokuzilolonga ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.
  • Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zentliziyo. Ukusetyenziswa kolu vavanyo, u-Invokana unikwa abantu abadala abanesifo sentliziyo. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokubetha okungakhokeleli ekufeni. Kwaye ichiza lisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwintliziyo okanye ingxaki yemithambo yegazi.
  • Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile kubantu abane-nephropathy yeswekile. Ngokusebenzisa oku, u-Invokana unikwa abantu abadala abane-nephropathy yeswekile (ukonzakala kwezintso okubangelwa sisifo seswekile) nge-albinuria * engaphezulu kwe-300 milligrams ngemini. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko woku:
    • Isifo sesifo sezintso
    • Ukufa kubangelwa yintliziyo okanye ingxaki yegazi
    • liphindwe kabini inqanaba legazi le-creatinine
    • isidingo sokulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yokusilela kwentliziyo

Ngokwesiqhelo, ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin isusa iswekile egazini lakho iye kwiiseli zakho. Kwaye iiseli zakho zisebenzisa iswekile yamandla. Kodwa ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, umzimba wakho awuphenduli kwi-insulin ngokufanelekileyo.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, umzimba wakho unokuyeka nokwenza i-insulin eyaneleyo. Ke, ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, iswekile ayisuswa egazini lakho njengesiqhelo. Kwaye oku kukhokelela ekunyuseni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Ukonyuka kwamanqanaba eswekile yegazi kungonakalisa imithambo yegazi, kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ngentliziyo kunye nezintso.

I-Invokana isebenza ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile kwimithambo yegazi, intliziyo kunye nezintso.

Ukusikelwa umda kokusetyenziswa

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-Invokana ayivunyelwanga ukuba isetyenziswe kubantu abane-1 yeswekile. Endaweni yoko, yamkelwe kuphela ekusebenziseni kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Kucingelwa ukuba abantu abane-1 yeswekile banokuba nomngcipheko okhulayo wesifo seswekile ketoacidosis ukuba basebenzisa i-Invokana. (Nge-ketoacidosis yeswekile, unamazinga aphezulu eetoni egazini okanye emchameni.) Ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngale meko, jonga icandelo le- "Invokana icala" elingentla.

Ukongeza, i-Invokana akufuneki isetyenziselwe ukunceda ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abanesifo seswekile esi-2 abanesifo sezintso esingasebenzi kakuhle. Ngokukodwa, ichiza akufuneki lisetyenziswe kwabo banenqanaba lokucocwa kwe-glomerular (eGFR) elingaphantsi kwama-30. (IGFR ngumlinganiso owenziwe kuvavanyo lwegazi. Ibonisa ukuba zisebenza njani izintso zakho.) Kucingelwa ukuba I-Invokana isenokungasebenzi kubantu abanale meko.

Ukusebenza ngempumelelo

I-Invokana ifundwe yodwa kwaye idityaniswe namanye amayeza ekwehliseni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Kwezi zifundo, u-Invokana wafunyanwa ethoba inqanaba labantu i-hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), elingumlinganiso wamanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

U-Invokana ukwafundisiwe ekwehliseni umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zentliziyo kubantu abane-2 yeswekile. Kwezi zifundo, ichiza lehlise amaqondo eentlobo ezithile zokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo kunye nokufa icala nokufa ngenxa yentliziyo okanye ingxaki yegazi.

U-Invokana wafundwa kubantu abane-nephropathy yeswekile njengonyango lokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile. Kolu phononongo, abantu abathatha i-Invokana banciphisile amaqondo esiphelo sesifo sezintso, iphindwe kabini inqanaba le-creatinine egazini labo, kunye neminye imiba.

Ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusebenza kwe-Invokana kusetyenziso oluvunyiweyo, jonga ulwazi lokumisela iyeza.

Ukongeza, izikhokelo ezivela kuMbutho weSifo seSwekile saseMelika sicebisa:

  • usebenzisa i-SGLT2 inhibitor, enje nge-Invokana, njengenxalenye yerejimeni yonyango yokulawula iswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2 abanesifo sentliziyo okanye sezintso
  • ukusebenzisa i-SGLT2 inhibitor kubantu abane-2 yeswekile abanemingcipheko yeengxaki zentliziyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwelebheli engasebenziyo kwi-Invokana

Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni kohlobo lwesibini lweswekile, u-Invokana unokusetyenziselwa ngaphandle kwelebheli kwenye injongo. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezingekho kwilebula kuxa iziyobisi ezivunyiweyo zisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwesinye zisetyenziselwa enye eyahlukileyo engavunyelwanga.

I-Invokana yohlobo lweswekile 1

Nangona umvelisi ecebisa ukuba i-Invokana ingasetyenziselwa uhlobo lweswekile yokuqala, ichiza ngamanye amaxesha lisetyenziswa ngaphandle kwelebheli ukunyanga imeko.

Kwisifundo esinye seklinikhi, abantu abanesifo seswekile sokuqala bathatha u-Invokana kunye ne-insulin. Kubantu abakwisifundo, olu nyango luyancitshiswa:

  • amanqanaba eswekile yegazi
  • amanqanaba ehemoglobin yabo A1c (HbA1c)
  • Inani lilonke le-insulin ababefanele ukuyithatha yonke imihla

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokhetho kunyango lohlobo 1 lweswekile, thetha nogqirha wakho.

I-Invokana yokwehla kobunzima

Ngelixa i-Invokana ingavunywanga njengeyeza lokwehla kobunzima, ukwehla kobunzima sisiphumo secala leziyobisi.

Kwizifundo zeklinikhi, abantu abathathe u-Invokana baphulukana neepawundi ezili-9 ngaphezulu kweeveki ezingama-26 zonyango. Ngenxa yempembelelo esecaleni, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuba uthathe i-Invokana ukuba une-2 yeswekile kwaye utyebe kakhulu.

I-Invokana ibangela ukwehla kobunzima ngokuthumela iglucose eyongezelelweyo (iswekile) egazini lakho kumchamo wakho. Iikhalori ezivela kwiswekile zishiya umzimba wakho kumchamo wakho, onokuthi ukhokelele ekubeni unciphise umzimba.

Qiniseka ukuba uthatha i-Invokana kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalela. Sukuthatha iziyobisi ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ngaso nasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Invokana notywala

Kulumkele ukusela kakhulu utywala ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana. Utywala bunokutshintsha inqanaba leswekile yegazi kwaye wandise umngcipheko woku:

  • i-hypoglycemia (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi)
  • I-ketoacidosis yeswekile (amanqanaba anyukayo eetoni egazini nasemchameni)
  • i-pancreatitis (iipancreas ezivuthayo)

Ukuba usela utywala, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba butywala kangakanani obukhuselekileyo kuwe ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana.

Unxibelelwano lwe-Invokana

I-Invokana inokusebenzisana namanye amayeza. Iyakwazi ukusebenzisana nezibonelelo ezithile kunye nokutya.

Unxibelelwano olwahlukileyo kunokubangela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, okunye ukuhlangana kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwesiyobisi, ngelixa ezinye zinokubangela ukonyuka kwemiphumela.

Invokana kunye namanye amayeza

Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lwamayeza anokusebenzisana ne-Invokana. Olu luhlu alunazo zonke iziyobisi ezinokusebenzisana ne-Invokana.

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-Invokana, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho kunye nosokhemesti ngayo yonke into emiselweyo, ekhawuntareni, kunye nezinye iziyobisi ozithathayo. Baxelele malunga nazo naziphi na iivithamini, amayeza esintu kunye nezixhasi ozisebenzisayo. Ukwabelana ngolu lwazi kunokukunceda uphephe unxibelelwano olunokubakho.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nokunxibelelana kweziyobisi okunokuchaphazela, buza ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti.

I-Invokana kunye neziyobisi ezinokunyusa umngcipheko we-hypoglycemia

Ukuthatha i-Invokana ngamayeza athile kunokunyusa umngcipheko we-hypoglycemia (iswekile esezantsi yegazi). Ukuba uthatha la mayeza, kuya kufuneka ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho rhoqo. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha idosi yamayeza akho.

Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya:

  • ezinye iziyobisi zeswekile, ezinje:
    • dulaglutide (Trulicity)
    • linagliptin (I-Tradjenta)
    • iliraglutide (iVictoza)
    • sitagliptin (Januwari)
    • I-glyburide (iDiaBeta, iGlynase, iMicronase)
    • I-glimepiride (Amaryl)
    • glipizide (Glucotrol)
    • ii-insulins zexesha lesidlo (uHumalog, Novolog)
    • i-metformin (iGlucophage)
    • icandelo (Starlix)
    • repaglinide (Prandin)
  • amayeza aphezulu oxinzelelo lwegazi, anje ngala:
    • Ibenazepril (iLotensin)
    • ikhandlela (iAtacand)
    • enalapril (Vasotec)
    • Irbesartan (Avapro)
    • I-lisinopril (iZestril)
    • losartan (uCozaar)
    • olmesartan (iBenicar)
    • valsartan (uDiovan)
  • amanye amayeza anokunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, anje ngala:
    • iDisopyramide (iNorpace)
    • amayeza athile e-cholesterol, afana ne-fenofibrate (iTricor, Triglide) kunye ne-gemfibrozil (Lopid)
    • ezinye izidambisi zengqondo, ezinje nge-fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem) kunye ne-selegiline (Emsam, Zelapar)
    • i-octreotide (iSandostatin)
    • Isulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (iBactrim, Septra)

I-Invokana kunye neziyobisi ezinokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi

Amanye amayeza anokunyusa inqanaba leswekile yegazi emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba uthatha la mayeza, kuya kufuneka ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho rhoqo. Oku kunokunceda ukukhusela i-hyperglycemia (inqanaba leswekile yegazi). Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha iidosi zakho.

Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya:

  • Ialbuterol (ProAir, Proventil, Ventolin HFA)
  • ezinye ii-antivirals, ezinje nge-atazanavir (Reyataz) kunye ne-lopinavir / ritonavir (Kaletra)
  • ii-steroids ezithile, ezinje:
    • i-budesonide (i-Entocort EC, iPulmicort, iUceris)
    • ubume
    • ifluticasone (Flonase, Flovent)
  • i-diuretics ethile, enje nge-chlorothiazide (Diuril) kunye nehydrochlorothiazide (Microzide)
  • ezinye i-antipsychotic, ezinje nge-clozapine (Clozaril, Fazaclo) kunye ne-olanzapine (Zyprexa)
  • iihormoni ezithile, ezinje:
    • iDanazol (iDanazol)
    • I-levothyroxine (iLevoxyl, iSynthroid)
    • somatropin (IGenotropin)
  • iglucagon (GlucaGen)
  • niacin (Niaspan, Slo-Niacin, abanye)
  • izinto zokucwangcisa ngomlomo (iipilisi zolawulo lokuzalwa)

I-Invokana kunye neziyobisi ezinokwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi

Ukuthatha i-Invokana ngamayeza athile anciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunokubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lube sezantsi kakhulu. Inokwandisa umngcipheko womonakalo wezintso.

Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya:

  • Ibenazepril (iLotensin)
  • ikhandlela (iAtacand)
  • enalapril (Vasotec)
  • Irbesartan (Avapro)
  • I-lisinopril (iZestril)
  • losartan (uCozaar)
  • olmesartan (iBenicar)
  • valsartan (uDiovan)

I-Invokana kunye neziyobisi ezinokunyusa okanye zinciphise iziphumo ze-Invokana

Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela indlela i-Invokana esebenza ngayo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba uthatha la mayeza, kuya kufuneka ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho rhoqo. Kwakhona, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukutshintsha iidosi zakho.

Imizekelo yala mayeza ibandakanya:

  • irifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
  • I-phenytoin (iDilantin)
  • ifumanobarbital
  • i-ritonavir (iNorvir)
  • idigoxin (Lanoxin)

I-Invokana kunye namayeza kunye nezixhobo zokuncedisa

Ukuthatha amayeza athile kunye nezongezo nge-Invokana kungonyusa umngcipheko wehypoglycemia (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi). Imizekelo yoku ibandakanya:

  • i-alpha-lipoic acid
  • ivatala ekrakra
  • chromium
  • umthambo
  • cactus enqabileyo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-invokana nezinye iziyobisi

I-Invokana ivunyiwe kusetyenziso oluthile kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. (Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga nolu setyenziso luvunyiweyo, bona icandelo le- "Invokana use" apha ngasentla.)

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-Invokana inokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iziyobisi ukunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Apha ngezantsi, sichaza le meko inokwenzeka.

I-Invokana namanye amayeza okunciphisa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi

Oogqirha banokuyalela u-Invokana yedwa okanye nezinye iziyobisi ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abanesifo seswekile sesi-2.

Unyango lweswekile, ngamanye amaxesha ichiza elinye lodwa aliliphuculi ngokwaneleyo iswekile yegazi. Kwezi meko, kuqhelekile ukuba abantu bathathe amayeza angaphezu kwesinye ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Invokana kunye neVictoza

U-Invokana no-Victoza bobabini banyanga uhlobo lwesibini lweswekile, kodwa basebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. La mayeza mabini ngamacandelo eziyobisi ahlukeneyo. I-Invokana yi-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. IVictoza yipeptide-1 (GLP-1) ye-receptor agonist.

Oogqirha banokumisela ii-inhibitors ezithile ze-SGLT-2 kunye ne-GLP-1 receptor agonists kunye. Olu dibana lunokunceda ukuthoba amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufa okunxulumene nesifo sentliziyo.

Ezinye i-GLP-1 receptor agonists zibandakanya:

  • dulaglutide (Trulicity)
  • Ukunyaniseka (Bydureon, Byetta)
  • iliraglutide (iVictoza)
  • Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)
  • semaglutide (iOzempic)

I-Invokana kunye nezinye iziyobisi zeswekile

Imizekelo yezinye iziyobisi zeswekile ezinokusetyenziswa kunye ne-Invokana zibandakanya:

  • I-glimepiride (Amaryl)
  • glipizide (Glucotrol)
  • I-glyburide (iDiaBeta, iGlynase)
  • metformin (iGlucophage, iGlumetza, iRiomet - jonga ngezantsi)
  • pioglitazone (Actos)

I-Invokana kunye ne-metformin ziyafumaneka njengesiyobisi esinye esidibeneyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Invokamet okanye i-Invokamet XR. I-Invokana yi-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor. IMetformin yinto enkulu.

I-Invokamet kunye ne-Invokamet XR zivunyiwe ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Oogqirha bamisela la machiza ukongeza ekutyeni nasekuzilolongeni.

Uyithatha njani i-Invokana

Thatha u-Invokana njengoko ugqirha wakho okanye umboneleli wezempilo ecebisa.

Nini ukuthatha

Kungcono ukuthatha i-Invokana kusasa, ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa.

Ukuthatha i-Invokana nokutya

Ungathatha i-Invokana kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya, kodwa kungcono ukuyithatha ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa.Oku kukunceda ukuba uphephe i-spikes yegazi emva kokutya.

Ngaba i-Invokana inokutyunyuzwa?

Hayi Kungcono ukuthatha i-Invokana iphelele.

Usebenza njani u-Invokana

I-Invokana ivunyiwe kusetyenziso oluthile kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. (Ngolwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa okuvunyiweyo, bona icandelo le- "Invokana use" apha ngasentla.)

Kwenzeka ntoni ngesifo seswekile?

Ngokwesiqhelo, ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin isusa iswekile egazini lakho iye kwiiseli zakho. Kwaye iiseli zakho zisebenzisa iswekile yamandla. Kodwa ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, umzimba wakho awuphenduli kwi-insulin ngokufanelekileyo.

Ixesha elingaphezulu, umzimba wakho unokuyeka nokwenza i-insulin eyaneleyo. Ke, ngohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, iswekile ayisuswa egazini lakho njengesiqhelo. Kwaye oku kukhokelela ekunyuseni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Ukonyuka kwamanqanaba eswekile yegazi kungonakalisa imithambo yegazi, kwaye kunokubangela iingxaki ngentliziyo kunye nezintso.

Wenza ntoni u-Invokana

I-Invokana isebenza ngokwehlisa inani leswekile egazini lakho. Njenge-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), i-Invokana ithintela iswekile ekufunxeni ibuyele emzimbeni. Endaweni yoko, i-Invokana inceda iswekile ishiye umzimba wakho kumchamo wakho.

Ngokwenza oku, i-Invokana ikwanceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile kwimithambo yegazi, intliziyo kunye nezintso.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukusebenza?

I-Invokana iqala ukusebenza kanye emva kokuba uyithathile. Kodwa yeyona nto isebenzayo ekwehliseni inqanaba leswekile yegazi malunga neeyure eziyi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 emva kokuba uthathe ichiza.

Invokana kunye nokukhulelwa

Khange kubekho zifundo zaneleyo ebantwini ukuba bazi ukuba i-Invokana ikhuselekile ukuba ingasetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Iziphumo zezifundo zezilwanyana zibonise umngcipheko onokubakho weengxaki zezintso kwimibeleko xa abantu ababhinqileyo abakhulelweyo benikwa ichiza.

Ngenxa yezi zifundo, u-Invokana akufuneki ukuba asetyenziswe ngexesha lesibini kunye neyesithathu kwisithathu sokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, gcinani engqondweni ukuba izifundo zezilwanyana azihlali ziqikelela ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ebantwini.

Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ngokudibeneyo unokulinganisa ubungozi obunokubakho kunye nezibonelelo zokuthatha i-Invokana ngelixa ukhulelwe.

Invokana kunye nokuncancisa

Ayaziwa ukuba i-Invokana idlula kubisi lwebele lomntu. Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukulinda de ugqibe ukuncancisa ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-Invokana.

Izifundo zezilwanyana zibonise ukuba ichiza liyadlula kubisi lwebele lweempuku zabasetyhini ezincancisayo. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba izifundo zezilwanyana azihlali ziqikelela ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni ebantwini. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba i-Invokana inokuchaphazela ukukhula kwezintso kumntwana oncancisayo, akufuneki uyithathe ngelixa uncancisa.

Ukuba ucwangcisa ukuncancisa, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ndawonye ninokuthatha isigqibo sokuba uthathe i-Invokana okanye uncancise.

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo malunga ne-Invokana

Nazi iimpendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo malunga ne-Invokana.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Invokana kunye ne-Invokamet?

I-Invokana iqulethe ichiza i-canagliflozin, eyi-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor. I-Invokana isetyenziselwa ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, kunye nokufa kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Ukongeza, isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zesifo seswekile (umonakalo wezintso obangelwa sisifo seswekile).

I-Invokamet iqulethe iziyobisi ezibini: i-canagliflozin (ichiza elikwi-Invokana) kunye ne-metformin, i-biguanide. Njengo-Invokana, i-Invokamet isetyenziselwa ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga ukuphucula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile sesi-2. Nangona kunjalo, akuvunyelwanga ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinxulumene nentliziyo ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo okanye ukubetha kubantu abane-2 yeswekile nesifo sentliziyo.

Ndazi njani ukuba u-Invokana uyasebenza?

Ngelixa uthatha u-Invokana, jonga inqanaba leswekile yegazi rhoqo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ngaphakathi kweenjongo ozibekeleyo nogqirha wakho. Ngokudibeneyo ungayilandela inkqubela yakho yonyango ngezi zihlolisiso kunye nolunye uvavanyo lwegazi, kubandakanya amanqanaba e-hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). Iziphumo zingabonisa ukuba u-Invokana kunye naziphi na ezinye iziyobisi zeswekile ozisebenzisayo zisebenza ukunciphisa amaqondo eswekile yegazi.

Ngaba u-Invokana angandinceda ukunciphisa umzimba?

Ewe inako. Nangona u-Invokana engavunywanga njengeyeza lokuphulukana nobunzima, iziphumo zophando zibonisile ukuba ukwehla kobunzima sisiphumo esibi.

Nangona kunjalo, qiniseka ukuthatha i-Invokana kuphela njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalela. Sukuthatha iziyobisi ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ngaso nasiphi na isizathu ngaphandle kokuthetha nogqirha wakho.

Ngaba u-Invokana ubangele ukuba unqunyulwe?

Ewe, kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, ukunqunyulwa amalungu omzimba kwenzekile. Kwizifundo ezibini, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3.5% yabantu abathathe u-Invokana banqunyulwe ilungu lomzimba. Xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangakhange bafumane iyeza, u-Invokana uwuphinda kabini umngcipheko wokunqunyulwa. Ubhontsi kunye ne-midfoot (indawo ye-arch) yayiyeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yokunqunyulwa. Abanye abantu banqunyulwe imilenze.

Ukuba unomdla ngale mpembelelo yecala okanye unemibuzo malunga ne-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ukuba ndiyeka ukuthatha i-Invokana, ngaba ndiza kuba neempawu zokurhoxa?

Ukuyekisa i-Invokana akubangeli zimpawu zokurhoxa. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini anyuke, anokwenza ukuba isifo seswekile sibe nzima.

Sukuyeka ukuthatha u-Invokana ungakhange uthethe nogqirha wakho kuqala. Kwaye ukuba nobabini nigqibe kwelokuba niyeke ukuthatha i-Invokana kwaye emva koko uneempawu ezikukhathazayo, qiniseka ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. Banokuvavanya ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba bancedwe okanye ubalawule.

Izikhuselo ze-Invokana

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe u-Invokana, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nembali yakho yezempilo. I-Invokana isenokungakulungeli ukuba uneemeko ezithile zonyango. Oku kubandakanya:

Phawula: Ngolwazi malunga neziphumo ezibi ezinokubakho ze-Invokana, jonga icandelo leziphumo ze-Invokana.

Ukugqithisa ngokwe-Invokana

Ukuthatha kakhulu la mayeza kunokunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi.

Iimpawu libanda

Luncinci kakhulu ulwazi malunga neempawu onokuba nazo xa uthatha i-Invokana kakhulu. Iimpawu zokudlula ngaphezulu zinokubandakanya:

  • i-hypoglycemia enzima (inqanaba leswekile esezantsi yegazi), enokubangela ukuba ungcangcazele, unxunguphalo kunye nokudideka
  • iingxaki zesisu, ezinokubangela urhudo, isicaphucaphu kunye nokugabha
  • umonakalo kwizintso

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa uthe wagqithisa?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe kakhulu eli chiza, tsalela ugqirha wakho. Ungabiza uMbutho waseMelika wamaZiko oLawulo lweTyhefu ku-800-222-1222 okanye usebenzise isixhobo esikwi-Intanethi. Kodwa ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Ukuphela kwe-Invokana

Xa ufumana i-Invokana ekhemesti, usokhemesti uya kongeza umhla wokuphelelwa kwileyibhile esebhotileni. Lo mhla uqhelekile ukuba ube ngunyaka omnye ukusukela kumhla wokuhambisa kwabo amayeza.

Le mihla yokuphelelwa yisikhathi inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kwamayeza ngeli xesha. Isimo sangoku soLawulo lwezoKutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi (i-FDA) kukuphepha ukusebenzisa amayeza aphelelwe lixesha.

Kuza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani iyeza lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuba uyigcina phi kwaye uyigcina phi.

Qiniseka ukuba ugcina iipilisi zakho ze-Invokana kubushushu begumbi malunga ne-77 ° F (25 ° C) kwisitya esitywinwe ngokuqinileyo.

Ukuba awusebenzisanga amayeza adlulileyo kumhla wokuphelelwa, cela usokhemesti wakho ukuba usenako na ukusebenzisa.

Ulwazi lobungcali lwe-Invokana

Olu lwazi lulandelayo lubonelelwe ngoochwephesha kunye nabanye abaqeqeshi bezempilo.

Iimpawu

I-Invokana ivunyiwe yi-FDA ukuba isetyenziswe kubantu abadala abanesifo seswekile seswekile ukuya:

  • Ukuphucula amanqanaba eglucose egazi, ngokudibeneyo nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga.
  • Nciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu zentliziyo, kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo esaziwayo. Ngokukodwa, iyeza linciphisa umngcipheko wokufa kwentliziyo, ukungafumani myocardial infarction, kunye nokubetha okungafiyo.
  • Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zesifo seswekile kubantu abane-albinuria. Ngokukodwa, iyeza linciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda i-creatinine egazini, isifo se-renal sokugqibela, ukulaliswa esibhedlele ngenxa yokusilela kwentliziyo, ukufa kwentliziyo.

Indlela yokusebenza

I-Invokana ibhloka ye-sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) kwii-tubules ze-renal. Oku kuthintela ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kweswekile ecociweyo kwii-tubules zezintso. Isiphumo yi-osmotic diuresis ngenxa yokugqithisa okungaphezulu kweglucose yokuchama.

I-Pharmacokinetics kunye ne-metabolism

Emva kolawulo lomlomo, uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-1 ukuya kwiiyure ezi-2. I-Invokana ingathathwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokutya. Ukuthatha i-Invokana ngesidlo esinomxholo we-fat-high ayinayo impembelelo kwi-pharmacokinetics yeziyobisi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthatha i-Invokana ngaphambi kwesidlo kunokunciphisa utshintsho lwasemva kweswekile ngenxa yokulibaziseka kokufakwa kweglucose emathunjini. Ngenxa yoku, u-Invokana kufuneka athathwe ngaphambi kwesidlo sokuqala sosuku.

Ukufumaneka komlomo kwe-Invokana ngama-65%.

I-Invokana ikakhulu i-O-glucuronidation nge-UGT1A9 kunye ne-UGT2B4. I-Metabolism nge-CYP3A4 ithathwa njengendlela encinci.

Isiqingatha sobomi be-Invokana malunga neeyure ezili-10.6 zedosi ye-100-mg. Isiqingatha sobomi simalunga neeyure eziyi-3.1 zedosi eyi-300-mg.

Umthamo wezintso

Kwizigulana ezine-eGFR engaphantsi kwe-60 mL / min / 1.73 m2, hlengisa idosi ye-Invokana. Ukubeka esweni umsebenzi wabo wezintso rhoqo.

Ukungqinelana

I-Invokana iyaphikiswa kubantu aba:

  • uneempendulo ezinzulu zovakalelo kwi-Invokana
  • bakunyango lwedialysis

Ukugcina

I-Invokana kufuneka igcinwe kwi-77 ° F (25 ° C).

Ukuziphendulela: Iindaba Zonyango Namhlanje wenze yonke imizamo yokuqinisekisa ukuba yonke ingcaciso ichanekile, ibanzi kwaye ihlaziyiwe. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku akufuneki lisetyenziswe endaweni yolwazi kunye nobuchule bengcali yezempilo enelayisensi. Kuya kufuneka usoloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye nolunye uqeqesho kwezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uthathe nawaphi na amayeza. Ulwazi lweziyobisi oluqulethwe apha luyakwazi ukutshintsha kwaye alujoliswanga ekugubungeleni konke ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka, imikhombandlela, izilumkiso, izilumkiso, ukuhlangana kwamachiza, ukungahambelani komzimba, okanye iziphumo ezibi. Ukungabikho kwezilumkiso okanye olunye ulwazi ngesiyobisi esinikiweyo akubonisi ukuba indibaniselwano yeziyobisi ikhuselekile, iyasebenza, okanye ifanelekile kuzo zonke izigulana okanye konke ukusetyenziswa okuthile.

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