Ulutsha lwe-Idiopathic Arthritis

Umxholo

• Zithini iimpawu zentsha ye-idiopathic arthritis?
• Zithini iintlobo ze-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
• Ichongwa njani isifo samathambo yolutsha?
• Iphathwa njani i-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
• Unyango
• Amayeza okuphila
• Ukutya kakuhle
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo
• Ulungiso lwenyama
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kwi-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
• Yintoni imbonakalo yabantwana abane-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Yintoni i-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

I-juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwe-arthritis ebantwaneni.

Isifo samathambo yimeko yexesha elide ebonakaliswa ngu:

• ukuqina
• ukudumba
• iintlungu kumalungu

Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-300,000 abantwana e-United States bane-arthritis. Abanye abantwana bane-arthritis kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa, ngelixa abanye benesifo samathambo iminyaka eliqela. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, imeko inokuhlala ubomi bonke.

Isizathu ngqo seJIA asaziwa. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba ngokuyintloko sisifo sokuzimela. Kubantu abanezifo ezizimele, amajoni omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo iiseli ezingenabungozi ngokungathi ngabahlaseli abayingozi.

Uninzi lweziganeko zeJIA zithambile, kodwa iimeko ezinzima zinokubangela iingxaki, ezinjengomonakalo odibeneyo kunye nentlungu engapheliyo. Ukwazi iimpawu ze-JIA kubalulekile ekufumaneni unyango ngaphambi kokuba imeko iqhubeke.

Unyango luhlala luqukethe:

• ukunciphisa ukudumba
• ukulawula iintlungu
• ukuphucula umsebenzi
• ukunqanda umonakalo odibeneyo

Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba umntwana wakho ugcina indlela yokuphila esebenzayo nenemveliso.

Zithini iimpawu zentsha ye-idiopathic arthritis?

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zeJIA zibandakanya:

• intlungu edibeneyo
• ukuqina
• Uluhlu oluncitshisiweyo lokuhamba
• amalungu ashushu kwaye adumbile
• Ndiqhwalela
• ububomvu kwindawo echaphazelekayo
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu
• Imikhuhlane ephindaphindayo

I-JIA inokuchaphazela ngokudibeneyo okanye ukudibana okuninzi. Ngamanye amaxesha imeko inokuthi ichaphazele wonke umzimba, ibangele irhashalala, umkhuhlane kunye nokudumba kwe-lymph node. Le subtype ibizwa ngokuba yi-JIA yenkqubo (SJIA), kwaye yenzeka malunga neepesenti ezili-10 zabantwana abane-JIA.

Zithini iintlobo ze-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Zintandathu iintlobo zeJIA:

• Inkqubo yeJIA. Olu hlobo lwe-JIA luchaphazela umzimba uphela, kubandakanya amalungu, ulusu kunye namalungu angaphakathi.
• I-Oligoarticular JIA. Olu hlobo lwe-JIA luchaphazela amalungu angaphantsi kwesihlanu. Iyenzeka malunga nesiqingatha sabo bonke abantwana abane-arthritis.
• IPJartarticular JIA. Olu hlobo lweJIA luchaphazela amalungu amahlanu okanye nangaphezulu. Iprotein eyaziwa njenge-rheumatoid factor inokubakho okanye ingabikho.
• Ulutsha lwepsoriatic arthritis. Olu hlobo lwe-JIA luchaphazela amalungu kwaye lwenzeka nge-psoriasis, yiyo loo nto kubhekiswa kulo njenge-juvenile psoriatic arthritis.
• I-JIA enxulumene ne-Enthesitis. Olu hlobo lwe-JIA lubandakanya ukudibana kwethambo kunye neethoni kunye nemisipha.
• Isifo samathambo esingafaniyo. Olu hlobo lwe-JIA lubandakanya iimpawu ezinokuthi zithathe ii-subtypes ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu okanye zingalingani nayiphi na enye i-subtypes.

Amalungu amaninzi achaphazelekayo, ahlala esiba mandundu esi sifo.

Ichongwa njani isifo samathambo yolutsha?

Umboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho unokukwazi ukufumanisa i-JIA ngokwenza uvavanyo lomzimba olucokisekileyo kwaye acele imbali eneenkcukacha zonyango.

Banoku-odola iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zokuqonda isifo, ezinje:

• Uvavanyo lweprotheni esebenzayo yeC. Olu vavanyo lilinganisa inani le-C-protein (CRP) esegazini. I-CRP yinto yesibindi evelisa ukuphendula kukudumba. Olunye uvavanyo oluvavanya ukuvuvukala, inqanaba lentlenga okanye inqanaba le-erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR), lingenziwa ngokunjalo.
• Uvavanyo lweRheumatoid factor. Olu vavanyo lubona ubukho be-rheumatoid factor, i-antibody eveliswa ngamajoni omzimba. Ubukho beli ntsholongwane buhlala bubonisa isifo samathambo.
• Intshatsheli yomzimba. I-anti-nuclear antibody yi-antibody kwi-nucleic acid (i-DNA kunye ne-RNA) ebekwe ikakhulu kwiseli yeseli. Idla ngokuveliswa ngamajoni omzimba kubantu abanesifo esingazenzisiyo. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody yenyukliya lunokubonisa ukuba ngaba iprotein ikhona egazini.
• Uvavanyo lwe-HLA-B27. Olu vavanyo lufumanisa isiphawuli semfuza esidityaniswa ne-JIA enxulumene ne-enthesitis.
• X-ray okanye iMRI scan. Olu vavanyo lokucinga lunokusetyenziselwa ukulawula ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela ukudumba ngokudibeneyo okanye iintlungu, ezinje ngezifo kunye nokwaphuka. Ukucinga kunokubonisa iziphumo ezithile (imiqondiso) yeeseti ezincinci zesifo sokuqaqamba kwamalungu.

Iphathwa njani i-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Unyango olwahlukeneyo lunokulawula ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo zeJIA. Ababoneleli ngezempilo bahlala becebisa ngokudibanisa unyango ukunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba kunye nokugcina intshukumo namandla.

Unyango

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAIDs), ezifana ne-ibuprofen (Advil) kunye ne-naproxen (i-Aleve), zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala kunye nokuvuvukala ngokubambisana nezinye iindlela zonyango. Sebenzisa iasprini kunqabile ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ebantwaneni.

Amayeza anamandla ahlala emiselwe, njengokuguqula iziyobisi kwi-antirheumatic drug (DMARDs) kunye ne-biologics.

Ii-DMARD zisebenza ukuguqula ikhosi yesi sifo, kule meko icinezela amajoni omzimba ukukhusela ekuhlaseleni amalungu.

Ukusebenzisa ii-DMARD kunconywa ngaphezu kwee-NSAID kuphela. Umboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho angaqala unyango nge-DMARD kunye okanye ngaphandle kwee-NSAID ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-biologics.

Eminye imizekelo yee-DMARD ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-JIA zibandakanya:

• imethotrexate
• isulfasalazine
• ngocomocide

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-methotrexate ngoku iyacetyiswa ngaphezulu kwezinye ii-DMARD.

I-Biologics isebenza ukujolisa ngqo kwiimolekyuli ezithile okanye kwiiproteni ezichaphazelekayo kwinkqubo yesifo. Unyango nge-biologics lunokudityaniswa nonyango lwe-DMARD.

Eminye imizekelo ye-biologics enokusetyenziselwa ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nomonakalo odibeneyo kubandakanya:

• Ukubulala (Orencia)
• rituximab (Rituxan)
• tocilizumab (Actemra)
• I-TNF inhibitors (Humira)

Iyeza le-steroid linokujojelwa kwilungu elichaphazelekayo, ngakumbi xa iimpawu ziphazamisa amandla okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Nangona kunjalo, oku akucetyiswa xa uninzi lwamalungu abandakanyekayo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando lunokusetyenziselwa ukubuyisela amalungu ngokudibeneyo.

Amayeza okuphila

Ukuzivocavoca kunye nokugcina ukutya okusempilweni kubalulekile kuye wonke umntu, kodwa kuluncedo kakhulu kubantwana abane-JIA. Ukuba nomntwana wakho enze olu hlengahlengiso kwindlela yokuphila elandelayo kunokubanceda ukuba bajongane neempawu zabo ngokulula kwaye banciphise umngcipheko weengxaki:

Ukutya kakuhle

Utshintsho lobunzima luqhelekile kubantwana abane-JIA. Amayeza anokunyusa okanye anciphise umdla wokutya, abangele ukutyeba ngokukhawuleza okanye ukunciphisa umzimba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukutya okusempilweni okuneenombolo ezifanelekileyo zeekhalori kunokunceda umntwana wakho ukuba agcine ubunzima bomzimba obufanelekileyo.

Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nesicwangciso sokutya ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana okanye uphulukana nobunzima obukhulu ngenxa yeJIA.

Ukuzilolonga rhoqo

Ukuzivocavoca ubuncinci kathathu ngeveki kunokuqinisa izihlunu kunye nokuphucula ukubanakho ngokudibeneyo, okwenza kube lula ukujongana neJIA ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukuzivocavoca okunempembelelo ephantsi, njengokuqubha kunye nokuhamba, zihlala zilungile. Nangona kunjalo, ngumbono olungileyo ukuthetha nomboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho kuqala.

Ulungiso lwenyama

Ingcali yezomzimba ingafundisa umntwana wakho ukubaluleka kokuncamathisela kwindlela yokwenza umthambo kwaye unokucebisa nokuzilolonga okuhambelana nemeko ethile. Umgqirha unokucebisa ngeendlela ezithile zokuzivocavoca ezinokunceda ekwakheni amandla kunye nokubuyisela ukuguquguquka kumalungu aqatha, abuhlungu.

Baza kusebenza nomnikezeli wakho wezonyango wokuqala ekuncedeni ukuthintela ukonzakala ngokudibeneyo kunye nokukhula okungaqhelekanga kwethambo / ngokudibeneyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho kwi-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Ukungafunyanwa kwe-JIA kungakhokelela kwezinye iingxaki. Oku kubandakanya:

• ianemia
• iintlungu eziphindaphindayo zexesha elide
• ukutshatyalaliswa ngokudibeneyo
• ukukhula okungakhawuleziyo
• imilenze engalinganiyo
• utshintsho kumbono
• i-pericarditis, okanye ukudumba okujikeleze intliziyo

Yintoni imbonakalo yabantwana abane-juvenile idiopathic arthritis?

Abantwana abane-JIA ethambileyo ukuya kumodareyitha banokuchacha ngaphandle kwengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, i-JIA yimeko yexesha elide ethanda ukubangela ukuvela ngamanye amaxesha. Umntwana wakho unokulindela ukuba nobunzima kunye neentlungu kumalungu ngexesha lokuqhambuka.

Nje ukuba i-JIA iqhubele phambili, amathuba okuba uxolelo asezantsi kakhulu. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kubalulekile. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokuthintela isifo samathambo ekubeni siqine kwaye sisasazeke kwamanye amalungu.