Lipidogram (lipid uviwo iprofayili): yintoni kwaye ibonisa ntoni

Umxholo

• 1. I-cholesterol ye-LDL
• 2. I-cholesterol ye-HDL
• 3. I-cholesterol yeVLDL
• 4. I-cholesterol engekho-HDL
• 5. I-cholesterol iyonke
• 6. IiTriglycerides
• Xa kuvavanywa iprofayili
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa itshintshiwe

I-lipidogram luvavanyo lwelabhoratri olucelwe ngugqirha ukuze aqinisekise iprofayili yomntu, oko kukuthi, isixa se-LDL, i-HDL, i-VLDL, i-triglycerides kunye ne-cholesterol iyonke, ethi xa inamaxabiso angaqhelekanga, ibonakalise umngcipheko omkhulu wokukhula. izifo zentliziyo, ezinje nge-angina, isifo sentliziyo, ukubetha okanye i-venous thrombosis, umzekelo.

Uvavanyo lweprofayili yelipid luyacelwa ngugqirha ukuze kuchongwe umngcipheko wezi zifo kwaye kuncede ukukhokela unyango olufanelekileyo lomntu ngamnye, njengendlela yokuthintela iingxaki zempilo. Ukuchonga iprofayili ye-lipid, kufuneka uqokelele isampulu yegazi elebhu, enokwenziwa kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuzila. Isidingo sokuzila iiyure ezili-12 kufuneka siboniswe ngugqirha ngokwembali yonyango lomntu.

Kuviwo lweprofayili epheleleyo ye-lipid, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele amaxabiso:

1. I-cholesterol ye-LDL

LDL, okanye i-cholesterol ephantsi, iyaziwa njenge-cholesterol embi kuba xa ikwindawo ephezulu inxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko owonyukayo wezifo zentliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-LDL ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kakuhle komzimba, njengoko ithatha inxaxheba ekwenziweni kwehomoni ezininzi.

Ngokufanelekileyo, amanqanaba e-cholesterol ye-LDL kufuneka abe ngaphantsi kwe-130 mg / dl, nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, ukulawulwa okungqongqo okungaphantsi kwe-100, 70 okanye 50 mg / dl kuyafuneka, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezifana nendlela yokuphila, imbali yezifo okanye ubukho bezinye iimeko zomngcipheko wentliziyo. Bona ngakumbi nge-LDL kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyilawula.

2. I-cholesterol ye-HDL

HDL, okanye uxinizelelo oluphezulu lwecholesterol, iyaziwa njenge cholesterol elungileyo kwaye kubalulekile ukuba inyuswe ekujikelezeni, njengoko ibonisa ukhuseleko olukhulu lwentliziyo. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ixabiso layo lingaphezulu kwe-40 mg yamadoda nabasetyhini, njengendlela yokuthintela umngcipheko wezifo zentliziyo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubonisiwe ukwenza imisebenzi yomzimba kunye nokutya okunotyebileyo kumanqatha nakwimicu elungileyo, ekhoyo intlanzi, ioyile yomnquma, imifuno kunye nembewu, umzekelo.

3. I-cholesterol yeVLDL

I-VLDL luhlobo lwecholesterol enomsebenzi wokuhambisa i-triglycerides kunye ne-cholesterol kwizicwili zomzimba, kwaye iyinxalenye yeqela elingeyo-HDL ye-cholesterol, ke ngoko, kufuneka igcinwe kumaxabiso asezantsi, kwaye ayikhuthazwa into yokuba Ixabiso elingaphezulu kwe-30 mg / dL. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokwenzakala kwe-cholesterol ephezulu ye-VLDL.

4. I-cholesterol engekho-HDL

Sisambuku sazo zonke iintlobo zecholesterol, ngaphandle kwe-HDL kwaye, njenge-cholesterol ye-LDL iyodwa, ikwaqwalaselwa ngoogqirha njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo emngciphekweni wezifo zentliziyo, kwaye inokusetyenziselwa ukubeka esweni nasekukhokeleni unyango.

I-cholesterol ye-HDL engeyiyo i-HDL kufuneka ibe kumanqanaba angama-30 mg / dl ngaphezulu kwento ethathwa njengelungileyo kwi-LDL, ke ukuba ixabiso eliphakanyisiweyo le-LDL lomntu li-130 mg / dl, i-cholesterol ye-non-HDL ithathwa njengesiqhelo ukuba ifike kwi-160 mg / dl.

5. I-cholesterol iyonke

Sisisixa se-HDL, i-LDL kunye ne-VLDL, kwaye kuyanqweneleka ukuba nexabiso elingaphantsi kwe-190 mg / dL, kuba xa liphezulu lonyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezinje ngokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo, ukubetha, i-angina okanye i-pancreatitis, umzekelo . Nangona kunjalo, kufanele ukuba kukhunjulwe ukuba ukuba i-cholesterol elungileyo (i-HDL) iphezulu kakhulu, inokunyusa ixabiso le-cholesterol iyonke, kungoko kubalulekile ukuthelekisa amaxabiso eprofayili epheleleyo ye-lipid.

6. IiTriglycerides

Eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-triglycerides, ezi molekyuli zityebileyo ngumthombo obalulekileyo wamandla emzimbeni nasezihlunwini, nangona kunjalo, xa ziphakanyisiwe egazini, zinokuququzelela ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi kunye nophuhliso lwezifo zentliziyo.

Ixabiso elinqwenelekayo le-triglyceride kuvavanyo lweprofayili ye-lipid ingaphantsi kwe-150 mg / dl, kwaye ukuphakama kwexabiso lalo, kokukhona liya likhula ithuba leengxaki. Ukongeza kwisifo sentliziyo, i-triglycerides ephezulu ngokugqithileyo nayo inokubangela i-pancreatitis.

Nantsi into enokuyenza ukunciphisa i-triglycerides.

Xa kuvavanywa iprofayili

Ngokubanzi, i-lipidogram dosing yenziwa kubantu abadala yonke iminyaka emi-5, nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo okanye ukuba i-cholesterol iguqulwe kolunye uvavanyo, eli xesha lifutshane kufuneka libe lifutshane.

Nangona olu vavanyo lungaqhelekanga kucelwa abantwana kunye nolutsha, lunokwenziwa kwabo banethuba eliphezulu lokufumana isifo sentliziyo, njengalezo zinezifo zemfuza zecholesterol, isifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye ukutyeba, umzekelo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa itshintshiwe

Xa iprofayili ye-lipid iguquliwe, kubalulekile ukwenza unyango, olukhokelwa ngugqirha kwaye, ngokukhethekileyo, kunye nokulandelwa ngumondli. Ezona ndlela ziphambili zokujongana nolu tshintsho zibandakanya:

• Utshintsho kwizidloUkutya okunamafutha amaninzi, njengokutya okuthosiweyo okanye inyama enamafutha, kunye nee-carbohydrate ezigqithileyo kufuneka kuthintelwe. Nangona kunjalo, umntu makangaze alibale ukuba ukutya kufuneka kulungelelaniswe, kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo lezakhamzimba kumntu ngamnye, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulandele isondlo, ukuze wazi ukuba ungakhetha njani okona kutya kulungileyo kunye nesixa esifanelekileyo ;
• Indlela yokuphila esempilweni: ukunciphisa i-cholesterol embi kunye nokwandisa i-cholesterol elungileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukwenza imithambo yomzimba rhoqo, ubuncinci ama-3 ukuya kuma-6 amaxesha ngeveki, nge-avareji yemizuzu ye-150 yomthambo. Kukwabalulekile ukuyeka ukutshaya, kuba lo mkhwa uchaphazela ukwehla kwecholesterol elungileyo;
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza: kwiimeko ezininzi ugqirha uza kuncoma ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol kunye ne-triglyceride, kwaye ezinye zezona ziphambili zibandakanya ii-statins zokunciphisa i-cholesterol, njenge-simvastatin, i-atorvastatin okanye i-rosuvastatin, umzekelo, okanye i-fibrate yokunciphisa i-triglycerides, enje I-Ciprofibrato okanye iBezafibrato, umzekelo. Zazi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo ukunciphisa amayeza e-cholesterol.

Ukongeza, ukunciphisa amathuba okuphuhliswa kwesifo sentliziyo, kubalulekile ukulawula ezinye izinto ezinobungozi, njengokulawula amanqanaba eglucose egazini, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokunciphisa umzimba, njengoko zonke ezi zinto zinegalelo ekwenziweni kwe-atherosclerosis kwimithambo yegazi kunye ukukhula kwesi sifo.

Jonga le vidiyo ilandelayo malunga nokuba ungaluqonda njani uvavanyo kwaye wenzeni ukulawula amanqanaba e-cholesterol: