Ukuchongwa komhlaza wemiphunga

Umxholo

• Ukuchonga umhlaza wemiphunga
• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Ukuskena i-CT
• Bronchoscopy
• Isikhohlela cytology
• I-biopsy yemiphunga
• Ukuvavanya ukusasazeka komhlaza wemiphunga
• Amanqanaba omhlaza wemiphunga
• Amanqanaba omhlaza wesifo somhlaza esincinci
• Amanqanaba omhlaza wesifo semiphunga ongekho mncinci
• Yintoni imbono?
• Ibali lika-Frank's Lung Cancer Survivor

Ushwankathelo

Oogqirha bahlula umhlaza wemiphunga kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili ngokusekwe kwindlela iiseli zomhlaza ezibonakala ngayo phantsi kwemicroscope. Ezi ntlobo zimbini ngumhlaza wemiphunga wamaseli amancinci kunye nomhlaza wamaphaphu ongaqhelekanga, oqhelekileyo. Ngokwe-American Lung Association, umhlaza wemiphunga ngoyena nobangela uphambili wesifo somhlaza kumadoda nabasetyhini eUnited States.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga, jonga ugqirha wakho kwangoko. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya imbali yakho yezonyango, avavanye naziphi na izinto ezinobungozi onazo, kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ugqirha wakho angacebisa uvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuba kukho imfuneko.

Ukuvavanywa komhlaza wemiphunga kunokuba yinto engenayo kwaye kungabeka abantu emngciphekweni ngokungeyomfuneko. Nangona kunjalo, kuba abantu abaqhelekanga ukubonisa iimpawu de isifo siqhubele phambili, ukusihlola kunganceda ukufumanisa kwangoko, xa kunethuba eliphezulu lonyango. Ngokubanzi, ugqirha wakho uya kuncoma uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kuphela ukuba bafumene isizathu sokukholelwa ukuba usenokuba unayo.

Ukuchonga umhlaza wemiphunga

Uvavanyo lomzimba

Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo njengokugcwala kweoksijini, ukubetha kwentliziyo, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, mamela ukuphefumla kwakho, kwaye ujonge ukudumba kwesibindi okanye ii-lymph node. Banokukuthumela kuvavanyo olongezelelweyo ukuba bafumanisa nantoni na engaqhelekanga okanye ebuzayo.

Ukuskena i-CT

Iskena se-CT yi-X-ray ethatha imifanekiso emininzi yangaphakathi njengoko ijikeleza umzimba wakho, inika umfanekiso ocacileyo wezitho zakho zangaphakathi. Inokukunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba achonge umhlaza okanye amathumba angcono ngcono kuneX-reyi esemgangathweni.

Bronchoscopy

Umbhobho omncinci, okhanyisiweyo obizwa ngokuba yi-bronchoscope uya kufakwa ngomlomo okanye ngempumlo uye ezantsi emiphungeni yakho ukuvavanya ibronchi kunye nemiphunga. Banokuthatha isampulu yeseli kuvavanyo.

Isikhohlela cytology

Isikhohlela, okanye iphlegm, lulwelo olungqindilili okhohlela ngalo kwimiphunga yakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthumela isampuli yesikhohlela kwilebhu yovavanyo oluncinci kuyo nayiphi na iiseli zomhlaza okanye izinto ezosulelayo ezinjengebhaktheriya.

I-biopsy yemiphunga

Ukujonga iimvavanyo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone ubunzima kunye nezihlunu. Ezinye izicubu zinokuba neempawu ezikrokrisayo, kodwa i-radiologists ayinakuqiniseka ukuba ingaba inobungozi okanye iyingozi. Kuphela yi-biopsy enokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukuba ngaba izilonda zemiphunga ezikrokrisayo zinomhlaza. I-biopsy iya kubanceda babone uhlobo lomhlaza kwaye bancede ukukhokela unyango. Iindlela ezininzi ze-biopsy yemiphunga zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Ngexesha le-thoracentesis, ugqirha wakho ufaka inaliti ende ukuba athathe isampulu yolwelo, ebizwa ngokuba kukungxengxeka kwembumba, phakathi kweendidi zethishu efake umphunga wakho.
• Ngexesha lokufuna inaliti entle, ugqirha wakho usebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha iiseli kwimiphunga yakho okanye kwii-lymph node.
• I-biopsy engundoqo ifana nesifiso esihle senaliti. Ugqirha wakho usebenzisa inaliti ukuthatha isampulu enkulu ebizwa ngokuba "yintloko."
• Ngexesha le-thoracoscopy, ugqirha wakho wenza ukubonakala okuncinci esifubeni sakho nasemva ukuphonononga izicubu zemiphunga ngombhobho omncinci.
• Ngexesha le-mediastinoscopy, ugqirha wakho ufaka ityhubhu encinci, ekhanyisiweyo ngesicwili esincinci phezulu kwisifuba sakho ukuze ubenako ukubona kunye nokuthatha iisampulu zesisampuli kunye ne-lymph node.
• Ngexesha le-endobronchial ultrasound, ugqirha wakho usebenzisa amaza esandi ukukhokela i-bronchoscope ezantsi kwitrachea yakho okanye "i-windpipe" ukukhangela amathumba kwaye uwafote ukuba bakho. Baya kuthatha iisampuli kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo.
• Ngexesha le-thoracotomy, ugqirha wakho wotyando wenza into ende esifubeni sakho ukususa izicubu ze-lymph node kunye nezinye izicubu zoviwo.

Ukuvavanya ukusasazeka komhlaza wemiphunga

Rhoqo, oogqirha basebenzisa i-CT scan njengovavanyo lokuqala lokucinga. Kubandakanya inaliti yokwahlula idayi emthanjeni. I-CT inika ugqirha wakho umfanekiso wemiphunga yakho kunye namanye amalungu apho umhlaza unokuthi usasazeke njengesibindi sakho kunye namadlala eadrenal. Oogqirha bahlala besebenzisa i-CT ukukhokela iinaliti ze-biopsy.

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuba yimfuneko ukumisela ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na, okanye usasazekile emzimbeni.

• Oogqirha banoku-odola i-MRI xa bekrokrela ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga usenokusasazeka kwingqondo okanye kwintambo yomqolo.
• I-positron-emission tomography scan ifaka inaliti yeziyobisi ezineradioactive, okanye tracer, eza kuqokelela iiseli zomhlaza, ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone iindawo ezinomhlaza.
• Oogqirha bayalela kuphela ukuskena kwethambo xa bekrokrela ukuba umhlaza usasazekile waya emathanjeni. Kubandakanya ukujoba izinto ezinemitha yeathom emthanjeni wakho, eyakheka kwiindawo ezingaqhelekanga okanye ezinomhlaza emathanjeni. Banokuyibona kwimifanekiso.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wemiphunga

Inqanaba lomhlaza wemiphunga lichaza ukuqhubela phambili okanye ubungakanani bomhlaza. Ukuba ufumana isifo somhlaza wemiphunga, inqanaba liyakukunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane unyango. Isiteji asibonisi kuphela ikhosi kunye nesiphumo somhlaza wakho wemiphunga. Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kwi:

• impilo kunye nenqanaba lokusebenza
• amandla
• ezinye iimeko zempilo
• impendulo kunyango

Umhlaza wemiphunga uhlelwa ikakhulu njengeseli esincinci okanye umhlaza wesifo semiphunga. Umhlaza ongekho mncinci uqhelekile.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wesifo somhlaza esincinci

Umhlaza wemiphunga wamaseli amancinci uvela ngokwamanqanaba amabini abizwa ngokuba "ngumda" kwaye "ubanzi."

Isigaba esilinganiselweyo sivalelwe esifubeni kwaye sihlala sikwimiphunga enye kunye nakwiindawo ezikufutshane ezalomini. Unyango oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya ichemotherapy kunye nonyango lwemitha.

Inqanaba elibanzi libandakanya imiphunga kunye namanye amalungu omzimba. Oogqirha bahlala bephatha eli nqanaba nge-chemotherapy kunye nononophelo lwenkxaso. Ukuba unolu hlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga, unokufuna ukubona ukuba ungoyena mntu uvavanywayo kulingo lweklinikhi eyilelwe ukuvavanya ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwamachiza amatsha.

Amanqanaba omhlaza wesifo semiphunga ongekho mncinci

• Kwinqanaba lobugqi, iiseli zomhlaza wemiphunga zisesikhohlela okanye kwisampulu eqokelelwe ngexesha lovavanyo kodwa akukho phawu lwethumba emiphungeni likhona.
• Kwinqanaba le-0, iiseli zomhlaza zikwindawo ngaphakathi yomphunga kuphela kwaye umhlaza awungeni
• Kwinqanaba 1A, umhlaza ukwindawo engaphakathi yemiphunga kunye nezicubu ezinzulu zemiphunga. Kwakhona, ithumba alikho ngaphezu kweesentimitha ezi-3 (cm) ngaphesheya kwaye alingenanga kwi-bronchus okanye i-lymph node.
• Kwinqanaba le-1B, umhlaza ukhule waba mkhulu kwaye ungene nzulu kwizicubu zemiphunga, ngemiphunga nakwiplaura, ungaphezulu kwe-3 cm ubukhulu, okanye ukhule waya kwi-bronchus ephambili kodwa awukahlaseli i-lymph node. Ugqirha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha unyango lwe-chemotherapy lukhetho lonyango lwee-cancer zomhlaza kwinqanaba 1A kunye ne-1B.
• Kwinqanaba 2A, umhlaza ungaphantsi kwe-3 cm ububanzi kodwa usasazeke kwii-lymph node kwicala elifanayo lesifuba njengethumba.
• Kwinqanaba le-2B, umhlaza ukhule waya eludongeni lwesifuba, i-bronchus ephambili, i-pleura, i-diaphragm, okanye izicubu zentliziyo, ingaphezulu kwe-3 cm ubukhulu, kwaye inokuba isasazeke nakwi-lymph node.
• Kwinqanaba le-3A, umhlaza usasazekile kwii-lymph node embindini wesifuba nakwicala elinye njenge-tumor, kwaye ithumba nabuphi na ubungakanani. Unyango lweli nqanaba lunokubandakanya indibaniselwano ye-chemotherapy kunye ne-radiation.
• Kwinqanaba le-3B, umhlaza uhlasele ii-lymph node kwelinye icala lesifuba, entanyeni, kwaye mhlawumbi nentliziyo, imithambo yegazi enkulu, okanye umqala, kwaye ithumba nabuphi na ubungakanani. Unyango lweli nqanaba lubandakanya i-chemotherapy kwaye ngamanye amaxesha yimitha
• Kwinqanaba le-4, umhlaza wemiphunga usasazekile nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ngokunokwenzeka iadrenal gland, isibindi, amathambo kunye nengqondo. Unyango lweli nqanaba lubandakanya i-chemotherapy, inkxaso, okanye intuthuzelo, ukhathalelo, kwaye nokuba ulingo lwezonyango ukuba ungumgqatswa kwaye ukhetha ukuthatha inxaxheba.

Yintoni imbono?

Jonga ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unokuba nomhlaza wemiphunga. Iimvavanyo ezininzi ziyafumaneka ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokuchonga ukuba umhlaza ukweliphi inqanaba ukuba unawo umhlaza. Ukufumanisa umhlaza kwangethuba kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba awunyange umhlaza kwinqanaba lokuqala nangaphezulu ngokukuko. Nokuba leliphi inqanaba umhlaza onalo, unyango luyafumaneka.

Ibali lika-Frank's Lung Cancer Survivor