Umhlaza wemiphunga

Umxholo

• Luthini uvavanyo lweempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga?
• Zenzelwe ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lomhlaza wemiphunga?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwesifo somhlaza wemiphunga?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kwesifo somhlaza wemiphunga?
• Izalathiso

Luthini uvavanyo lweempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga?

Iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga yemiphunga zizinto eziveliswa ziiseli zethumba. Iiseli eziqhelekileyo zinokujika zibe ziiseli zethumba ngenxa yenguquko yemfuza, utshintsho ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo kwemfuza. Imfuza zizinto zokuqala ezisisiseko zofuzo ezidluliselwe zivela kunyoko nakuyihlo.

Olunye utshintsho kwimfuza lunokufunyanwa kubazali bakho. Abanye bafunyanwa kamva ebomini ngenxa yokusingqongileyo okanye indlela yokuphila. Utshintsho olubangela umhlaza wemiphunga luhlala lubangelwa kukufunyanwa, okwaziwa ngokuba sisimo somatic. Olu tshintsho luhlala luhlala, nangona kungasoloko kubangelwa yimbali yokutshaya icuba. Ukutshintsha kwemfuza kunokubangela ukuba isisu semiphunga sisasaze kwaye sikhule sibe ngumhlaza.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuguquka okubangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Uvavanyo lokumakisha umhlaza wemiphunga lujonga utshintsho oluthile olunokubangela umhlaza wakho. Amanqaku omhlaza wemiphunga avavanywa kakhulu kubandakanya ukutshintsha kolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• I-EGFR, eyenza iprotein ebandakanyekayo kulwahlulo lweseli
• I-KRAS, enceda ukulawula ukukhula kwamathumba
• I-ALK, echaphazelekayo ekukhuleni kweseli

Ayizizo zonke iintsholongwane zomhlaza ezibangelwa kukutshintsha kwemfuza. Kodwa ukuba umhlaza wakho ubangelwe kukutshintsha komzimba, unokuthatha iyeza elenzelwe ukuhlasela uhlobo oluthile lweeseli zomhlaza eziguqulweyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lonyango ekujoliswe kulo.

Amanye amagama: Umhlaza wemiphunga ojolise kwiphaneli yemfuza

Zenzelwe ntoni?

Uvavanyo lweempawu zesifo somhlaza wemiphunga zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufumana ukuba yeyiphi, ukuba ikhona, ukuguquka kwemfuza kubangela umhlaza wakho wemiphunga. Iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga zinokuvavanywa ngokukodwa okanye zibekwe ndawonye kuvavanyo olunye.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lomhlaza wemiphunga?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lokumakisha umhlaza wemiphunga ukuba ufumanise ukuba unoluhlobo lomhlaza wemiphunga obizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza wamaphetshana ongekho mncinci. Olu hlobo lomhlaza kunokwenzeka ukuba lube nokutshintsha kwemfuza oluya kuphendula kunyango ekujolise kulo.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo kuhlala kusebenza ngakumbi kwaye kubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunechemotherapy okanye imitha. Kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba loluphi uguquko onalo. Ukunyanga okujolise kunyango olusebenzayo kumntu onoluhlobo olunye lwenguquko, akunakusebenza okanye kunokuba yingozi komnye umntu onotshintsho olwahlukileyo okanye akukho tshintsho.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwesifo somhlaza wemiphunga?

Umboneleli ngononophelo lwempilo kuya kufuneka athathe isampulu encinci yethumba kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy. Isenokuba lolunye lweentlobo ezimbini zebhayoloji:

• I-biopsy enqwenela inaliti, esebenzisa inaliti ebhityileyo ukususa isampulu yeeseli okanye ulwelo
• I-biopsy yenaliti engundoqo, esebenzisa inaliti enkulu ukususa isampulu

Umnqweno wenaliti olungileyo kunye neenaliti zeenaliti eziphambili zihlala zibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Uya kubeka kwicala lakho okanye uhlale kwitafile yeemviwo.
• I-x-ray okanye esinye isixhobo sokucinga sinokusetyenziselwa ukufumana indawo oyifunayo ye-biopsy. Ulusu luya kuphawulwa.
• Umboneleli wezempilo uya kucoca indawo ye-biopsy kwaye ayitofe nge-anesthetic ukuze ungaziva naziphi na iintlungu ngexesha lenkqubo.
• Nje ukuba loo ndawo ibe ndindisholo, umboneleli uya kwenza ukusikwa okuncinci (ukusika) kwaye afake inaliti ye-aspiration okanye inaliti ye-biopsy engaphakathi emiphungeni. Emva koko uya kususa isampuli yethishu kwindawo ye-biopsy.
• Unokuziva uxinzelelo oluncinci xa inaliti ingena emiphungeni.
• Uxinzelelo luya kusetyenziswa kwisiza se-biopsy de ukuphuma kokopha.
• Umboneleli wakho uya kufaka ibandage engenazintsholongwane kwindawo ye-biopsy.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Kuya kufuneka ukhawuleze (ungatyi okanye usele) iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kwenkqubo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga nokulungiselela uvavanyo lwakho.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Unokuba nokugruzuka okuncinci okanye ukopha kwindawo ye-biopsy. Unokuba ungonwabi kwisiza usuku okanye ezimbini.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa ukuba unophawu lomhlaza wemiphunga onokuthi uphendule kakuhle kunyango olujolise kulo, umboneleli wakho angakuqala kunyango kwangoko. Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa ukuba awunayo enye yezi mpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga, wena kunye nomboneleli wakho unokuxoxa ngezinye iindlela zokhetho.

Ukuvavanywa kwemfuza kuthatha ixesha elide kunezinye iintlobo ezininzi zeemvavanyo zelebhu. Awunakho ukufumana iziphumo zakho iiveki ezimbalwa.

Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga nokuvavanywa kwesifo somhlaza wemiphunga?

Ukuba unomhlaza wemiphunga, kubalulekile ukubona umboneleli wakho wezempilo rhoqo kunyango lwakho nasemva koko. Umhlaza wemiphunga unokuba nzima ukunyanga, nokuba ukwinyango ekujolise kuyo. Vala ukubek'esweni ngokuhlolwa rhoqo, kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kwe-x-reyi kunye nokuskena kuyacetyiswa kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala emva konyango, nonyaka ubomi bakho bonke.

Izalathiso

1. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. IAtlanta: Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza Inc .; c2018. Iindidi zee-biopsies ezisetyenziselwa ukukhangela umhlaza; [ihlaziyiwe ngo-2015 ngoJulayi 30; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/understanding-your-diagnosis/tests/testing-biopsy-and-cytology-specimens-for-cancer/biopsy-types.html
2. Umbutho waseMelika wemiphunga [kwi-Intanethi]. IChicago: Umbutho wamaphaphu waseMelika; c2018. Uvavanyo loMhlaza wemiphunga; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 ngoJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-5]. Ifumaneka kwi: http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/lung-cancer/learn-about-lung-cancer/how-is-lung-cancer-diagnosed/lung uvavanyo lwecancer-tumor.html
3. Umhlaza.Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; 2005-2018. Uvuko 2018 Jan [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/biopsy
4. Umhlaza.Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; 2005-2018. Uvavanyo lweThumba; U-2018 ngoMeyi [ucatshulwe ngowama-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/tumor-marker-tests
5. Umhlaza.Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; 2005-2018. Ukuqonda unyango ekujoliswe kulo; U-2018 ngoMeyi [ucatshulwe ngowama-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/how-cancer-treated/personalized-and-targeted-therapies/understanding-targeted-therapy
6. Umhlaza.Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IAlexandria (VA): Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lweZonyango; 2005-2018. Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga nomhlaza wemiphunga; 2018 Jun 14 [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.net/blog/2018-06/what-you-need-now-about-lung-cancer
7. Amayeza kaJohn Hopkins [kwi-Intanethi]. IYunivesithi yaseJohn Hopkins; Unyango lukaJohn Hopkins; Ithala lezeMpilo: iLung Biopsy; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/test_procedures/pulmonary/lung_biopsy_92,P07750
8. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018.Utshintsho lwe-ALK (uhlengahlengiso kwakhona lweGene); [ihlaziyiwe ngo-2017 Dec 4; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/alk-mutation-gene-rearrangement
9. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. Uvavanyo lokuTshintsha kwe-EGFR; [ihlaziywe ngo-2017 Novemba 9; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/egfr-mutation-testing
10. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. Uvavanyo lweMfuzo kunyango olujolise kuko lomhlaza; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Juni 18; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/genetic-tests-targeted-cancer-therapy
11. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. Uguquko lweKRAS; [ihlaziywe ngo-2017 Novemba 5; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/kras-mutation
12. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. Umhlaza wemiphunga; [ihlaziyiwe ngo-2017 Dec 4; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/conditions/lung-cancer
13. Uvavanyo lweLebhu kwi-Intanethi [kwi-Intanethi]. IWashington DC: Umbutho waseMelika weKlinikhi yeKhemistry; c2001–2018. Iimpawu zeThumba; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 Feb 14; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/tumor-markers
14. Ikliniki yaseMayo: Mayo Medical Laboratories [kwi-Intanethi]. Isiseko seMayo seMfundo yezoNyango noPhando; c1995–2018. I-ID yovavanyo: I-LUNGP: Iphaneli ejolise kumhlaza wemiphunga yamaphaphu, ithumba: Iklinikhi kunye nokutolika; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.mayomedicallaboratories.com/test-catalog/Clinical+and+Interpretive/65144
15. Umdibaniso wencwadi yomsebenzisi yenguqulo [ye-Intanethi]. I-Kenilworth (NJ): iMerck kunye ne-Co Inc. .; c2018. Umhlaza wemiphunga; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/lung-and-airway-disorders/tumors-of-the-lungs/lung-cancer
16. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Isichazi-magama seNCI seMiqathango yoMhlaza: imfuza; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/search?contains=false&q=gene
17. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Unyango lweCancer Lung Cancer lwe-Lung-Small (PDQ®) -Patient Version; [ihlaziywe ngo-2018 ngoMeyi 2; icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-3]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/types/lung/patient/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq
18. IZiko leSizwe loMhlaza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Iimpawu zeThumba; [icatshulwe ngo-2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-4]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/diagnosis-staging/diagnosis/tumor-markers-fact-sheet
19. I-NIH yeLayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango yezeMpilo: Isalathiso seKhaya leMfuza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uhlobo lweALK; 2018 Jul 10 [icatshulwe 2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ALK
20. I-NIH yeLayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango yezeMpilo: Isalathiso seKhaya leMfuza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uhlobo lwe-EGFR; 2018 Jul 10 [icatshulwe 2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/EGFR
21. I-NIH yeLayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango yezeMpilo: Isalathiso seKhaya leMfuza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Uhlobo lweKRAS; 2018 Jul 10 [icatshulwe 2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/KRAS
22. I-NIH yeLayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango yezeMpilo: Isalathiso seKhaya leMfuza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Umhlaza wemiphunga; 2018 Jul 10 [icatshulwe 2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/lung-cancer
23. I-NIH yeLayibrari yeSizwe yoNyango yezeMpilo: Isalathiso seKhaya leMfuza [kwi-Intanethi]. I-Bethesda (MD): Isebe lezeMpilo laseMelika kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu; Yintoni into yokutshintsha kwemfuza kwaye kwenzeka njani? 2018 Jul 10 [icatshulwe 2018 kaJulayi 13]; [malunga nezikrini ezi-2]. Ifumaneka kwi: https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/primer/mutationsanddisorders/genemutation

Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.