Ukwenza izigqibo ngeNkxaso yoBomi

Umxholo

• Yintoni inkxaso yobomi?
• Iindidi zenkxaso yobomi
• Umatshini wokuphefumla
• Ukuhlaziywa kweCardiopulmonary (CPR)
• Ukuchazwa kwegama
• Isondlo esenziweyo
• Isixhobo sokuncedisa i-ventricular ekhohlo (LVAD)
• I-membrane engaphezulu ye-membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
• Ukuqala inkxaso yobomi
• Ukuyeka inkxaso yobomi
• Iziphumo zobalo
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni inkxaso yobomi?

Igama elithi "inkxaso yobomi" lithetha nakuphi na ukudityaniswa koomatshini kunye namayeza agcina umzimba womntu uphila xa amalungu abo enokuyeka ukusebenza.

Ngokwesiqhelo abantu basebenzisa amagama inkxaso yobomi ukubhekisa kumatshini wokungenisa umoya okunceda ukuba uphefumle nokuba wenzakele kakhulu okanye uyagula kwimiphunga yakho ukuze uqhubeke usebenza.

Esinye isizathu sokudinga i-ventilator kukulimala kwengqondo okungamvumeli umntu ukuba akhusele indlela yakhe yomoya okanye aqalise ukuphefumla ngokufanelekileyo.

Inkxaso yobomi yiyo enika oogqirha amandla okwenza utyando olunzima. Inokongeza ixesha lokuphila kwabantu abaphulukana nokwenzakala okubuhlungu. Inkxaso yobomi inokuba yimfuno esisigxina yokuba abanye abantu bahlale bephila.

Baninzi abantu abanezinto zokuphefumla eziphathwayo kwaye baqhubeke nokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abasebenzisa isixhobo esixhasa ubomi abasoloko befumana kwakhona. Basenokungafumani amandla okuphefumla kunye nokusebenza ngokwabo.

Ukuba umntu okwi-ventilator ukwimeko yexesha elide yokungabikho zingqondweni, oku kungabeka amalungu osapho kwimeko enzima yokukhetha ukuba umntu amthandayo makaqhubeke nokuhlala kwimeko yokungazi ngoncedo lomatshini.

Iindidi zenkxaso yobomi

Umatshini wokuphefumla

Xa iimpawu zenyumoniya, i-COPD, i-edema, okanye ezinye iimeko zemiphunga zenza kube nzima ukuphefumla ngokwakho, isisombululo sexesha elifutshane kukusebenzisa isixhobo sokuphefumla. Ikwabizwa ngokuba sisiphefumli.

Umatshini wokuphefumla uthatha umsebenzi wokubonelela ngokuphefumla kunye nokuncedisa kutshintshiselwano ngegesi ngelixa umzimba wakho wonke ufumana ikhefu kwaye ungasebenza ekuphiliseni.

Ukuphefumla kukwasetyenziswa nakwizigaba zamva zeemeko zempilo ezingapheliyo, ezinje ngesifo sikaLou Gehrig okanye ukonzakala kwethambo lomqolo.

Uninzi lwabantu abafuna ukusebenzisa into yokuphefumla bayangcono kwaye banokuphila ngaphandle kwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, inkxaso yobomi iba yimfuneko esisigxina yokugcina umntu ephila.

Ukuhlaziywa kweCardiopulmonary (CPR)

I-CPR sisiseko soncedo lokuqala esisiseko sokugcina ubomi bomntu xa eyeka ukuphefumla. Ukubanjwa kwe-Cardiac, ukuntywila, kunye nokufuthaniseka zonke ezi ziimeko apho umntu oyekile ukuphefumla angahlangulwa nge-CPR.

Ukuba ufuna i-CPR, umntu onika i-CPR ucinezela phantsi esifubeni ukugcina igazi lakho lipompa entliziyweni yakho ngelixa ungekho zingqondweni. Emva kweCPR ephumeleleyo, ugqirha okanye umphenduli wokuqala uya kuvavanya ukuba ngaba kukho ezinye iindlela zokuxhasa ubomi okanye unyango olufunekayo.

Ukuchazwa kwegama

I-defibrillator ngumatshini osebenzisa ukubetha okubukhali kombane ukutshintsha isingqi sentliziyo yakho. Lo matshini unokusetyenziswa emva komsitho wentliziyo, njengokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo okanye i-arrhythmia.

I-defibrillator ingayenza intliziyo yakho ibethe ngesiqhelo ngaphandle kwemeko yezempilo engakhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu.

Isondlo esenziweyo

Yaziwa nangokuthi "ityhubhu yokondla," isondlo esenziwe ngumntu sithatha indawo yesenzo sokutya nokusela ngombhobho ofaka ngokuthe ngqo isondlo emzimbeni wakho.

Oku akuyiyo inkxaso yobomi, njengoko kukho abantu abanemicimbi yokutya okanye yokutya abanempilo enokuthi baxhomekeke kwisondlo sokufakelwa.

Nangona kunjalo, isondlo sokuzenzela sisoloko siyinxalenye yenkqubo yokuxhasa ubomi xa umntu engazi nto okanye engenako ukuphila ngaphandle kwenkxaso yomatshini wokuphefumla.

Isondlo esenziwe ngokuchanekileyo sinokunceda ukugcina ubomi kwizigaba zokuphela kwezinye iimeko zetheminali ngokunjalo.

Isixhobo sokuncedisa i-ventricular ekhohlo (LVAD)

I-LVAD isetyenziswa kwimeko yokusilela kwentliziyo. Sisixhobo esisebenza ngoomatshini esinceda i-ventricle yasekhohlo ekupompa igazi emzimbeni.

Ngamanye amaxesha i-LVAD iyimfuneko xa umntu elindele ukufakelwa kwentliziyo. Ayithathi indawo yentliziyo. Inceda nje impompo yentliziyo.

Ii-LVADs zinokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibalulekileyo, ke umntu kuluhlu lokufakelwa kwentliziyo unokukhetha ukungabinakho ukufakelwa emva kokuvavanya ixesha labo lokulinda kunye nomngcipheko kugqirha.

I-membrane engaphezulu ye-membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

I-ECMO ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkxaso yobomi bangaphandle (i-ECLS). Oku kungenxa yokuba amandla omatshini okwenza umsebenzi nokuba yimiphunga (veno-venous ECMO) okanye zombini intliziyo kunye nemiphunga (veno-arterial ECMO).

Isetyenziswa ngakumbi kwiintsana ezingaphuhliswanga ziinkqubo zentliziyo okanye zemiphunga ngenxa yeengxaki ezinzulu. Abantwana kunye nabantu abadala banokufuna i-ECMO.

I-ECMO ihlala inyangwa emva kokuba ezinye iindlela zisilele, kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo inokusebenza. Njengokuba intliziyo yomntu kunye nemiphunga yakhe isomelela, umatshini unokujikwa ukuze umzimba womntu uthathe indawo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-ECMO inokusetyenziswa kwangoko kunyango ukunqanda ukonakala kwemiphunga kwizicwangciso zokuphefumla okuphezulu.

Ukuqala inkxaso yobomi

Oogqirha baqala inkxaso yobomi xa kucacile ukuba umzimba wakho ufuna uncedo lokuxhasa ukusinda kwakho okusisiseko. Oku kunokuba ngenxa:

• ukusilela kwamalungu
• ukopha
• usulelo olusele ludambile

Ukuba ushiye imiyalelo ebhaliweyo ukuba awufuni kubekwa kwinkxaso yobomi, ugqirha akazukuyiqala inkqubo. Zimbini iintlobo zemiyalelo eqhelekileyo:

• sukuhlaziya (DNR)
• vumela ukufa kwendalo (KUNYE)

Nge-DNR, ngekhe uphinde uvuselelwe okanye unikwe ityhubhu yokuphefumla xa uthe wayeka ukuphefumla okanye amava okubanjwa kwentliziyo.

KUNYE, ugqirha uyakuvumela indalo ukuba ithathe ikhosi yayo nokuba ufuna ungenelelo lonyango ukuze uhlale uphila. Yonke imizamo iyakwenziwa ukugcina ukhululekile kwaye ungenazintlungu, nangona kunjalo.

Ukuyeka inkxaso yobomi

Ngetekhnoloji yokuxhasa ubomi, sinako ukugcina abantu bephila ixesha elide kunangaphambili. Kodwa kukho iimeko apho izigqibo ezinzima malunga nenkxaso yobomi zinokuphumla nabantu obathandayo.

Xa umsebenzi wobuchopho bomntu uyekile, akukho thuba lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Kwiimeko apho kungekho msebenzi wobuchopho ufunyanisiweyo, ugqirha unokucebisa ukucima umatshini wokuphefumla kunye nokuyeka ukutya okunesondlo.

Ugqirha uya kuqhuba iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuze aqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ukuba akukho thuba lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngaphambi kokwenza esi siphakamiso.

Emva kokucima inkxaso yobomi, umntu obhubhile-ngengqondo uya kufa ngaphakathi kwemizuzu, kuba ngekhe bakwazi ukuziphefumlela bodwa.

Ukuba umntu ukwimeko yesityalo esisigxina kodwa engafanga ngengqondo, inkxaso yabo yobomi inokuqulatha ulwelo kunye nesondlo. Ukuba ezi ziyekiwe, kungathatha naphi na ukusuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi ukuba amalungu abalulekileyo omntu avale ngokupheleleyo.

Xa ucinga ukuba ucima inkxaso yobomi, zininzi izinto ezidlalayo. Unokuba nomnqweno wokucinga ngento umntu ebeya kuyifuna. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukugwetyelwa indawo.

Olunye ukhetho kukujonga ukuba yeyiphi eyona nto ibalulekileyo kulowo umthandayo kwaye uzame ukuthatha isigqibo esisekwe kuloo nto.

Nokuba zithini na, ezi zigqibo zibaluleke kakhulu kubuntu. Ziya kwahluka ngokwemeko yonyango yaloo mntu kuthethwa ngaye.

Iziphumo zobalo

Ngokwenene akukho matriki anokuthenjwa kwipesenti yabantu abaphila emva kwenkxaso yobomi kulawulwa okanye kurhoxisiwe.

Izizathu ezibangela ukuba kutheni abantu behamba ngenkxaso yobomi kunye nobudala abakubo xa kufuneka inkxaso yobomi kwenza kube nzima ukubala iziphumo.

Kodwa siyazi ukuba iimeko ezithile ezisisiseko zineziphumo ezilungileyo zexesha elide nasemva kokuba umntu ebekwe kwinkxaso yobomi.

Izibalo zibonisa ukuba abantu abafuna i-CPR emva kokubanjwa kwentliziyo banokuphola ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuba i-CPR abayifumanayo inikwa ngokufanelekileyo nangoko.

Emva kwexesha elichithwe kumatshini wokuphefumla ngoomatshini, uqikelelo lobude bokuphila buya kuba nzima ukuqonda. Xa ukuphefumla ngomatshini njengenxalenye yokuphela kobomi ixesha elide, amathuba akho okusinda ngaphandle kwawo aqala ukwehla.

Abantu bayasinda ekuthatheni isixhobo sokuphefumla phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha. Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko kuyahluka ngokuya ngoxilongo.

Ngapha koko, kuphando olwenziweyo kugqityiwe ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe uphando oluthe kratya malunga neziphumo zexesha elide kubantu ababekwimishini yokuphefumla.

Ukuthatha

Akukho mntu ufuna ukuziva ngathi "konke kuxhomekeke kubo" njengoko besenza isigqibo malunga nenkxaso yobomi kothandekayo. Yenye yezona meko zinzima kunye neemvakalelo onokuzifumana ukuzo.

Khumbula ukuba ayisosigqibo sokususa inkxaso yobomi eya kubangela ukuba umntu omthandayo adlule; yimeko yezempilo esisiseko. Loo meko ayibangelwa nguwe okanye isigqibo sakho.

Ukuthetha namanye amalungu osapho, umfundisi wasesibhedlele, okanye ingcali kubalulekile ngexesha losizi kunye nokwenza uxinzelelo xa usenza izigqibo. Sukunyanzelwa ukuba wenze isigqibo malunga nenkxaso yobomi bakho okanye umntu omenzelayo ngekhe akhululeke.