Yenza ntoni iMedulla Oblongata kwaye ifumaneka phi?

Umxholo

• Ifumaneka phi i-medulla oblongata?
• Yenza ntoni i-medulla oblongata?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-medulla oblongata yonakele?
• Ngaba zikhona izifo ezichaphazela i-medulla oblongata?
• Isifo sikaParkinson
• Isifo seWallenberg
• Isifo seDejerine
• Isifo se-medial medullary syndrome
• Isifo seReinhold syndrome
• Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

Ingqondo yakho yenza kuphela malunga nobunzima bomzimba wakho, kodwa isebenzisa ngaphezulu kwe-20% yamandla apheleleyo omzimba wakho.

Kunye nokuba yindawo yokucinga, ingqondo yakho ikwalawula uninzi lwezenzo zomzimba wakho ezingazibandakanyiyo. Ixelela amadlala akho ukuba uzikhupha nini iihomoni, ilawula indlela ophefumla ngayo, kwaye ixelela intliziyo yakho ukuba ikhawuleza kangakanani ukubetha.

I-medulla oblongata yakho yenza nje i-0.5% yesisindo sobonke bengqondo yakho, kodwa idlala indima ebalulekileyo kulawulo lweenkqubo ezingazibandakanyiyo. Ngaphandle kweli candelo libalulekileyo lengqondo yakho, umzimba wakho nengqondo ngekhe zikwazi ukunxibelelana.

Kule nqaku, siza kuvavanya ukuba ikuphi i-medulla oblongata yakho kwaye siqhekeze imisebenzi yayo emininzi.

Ifumaneka phi i-medulla oblongata?

I-medulla oblongata yakho ikhangeleka ngathi kukujikeleza okujikeleze ingqondo yakho, okanye inxenye yengqondo edibanisa nomqolo wakho. Ikwalele phambi kwenxalenye yengqondo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yicerebellum.

I-cerebellum yakho ijongeka njengengqondo encinci edityaniswe ngasemva kwengqondo yakho. Ngapha koko, igama layo liguqulela "kwingqondo encinci" ukusuka kwisiLatin.

Umngxunya kukhakhayi lwakho ovumela intambo yakho yomqolo ukuba idlule ibizwa ngokuba yi-foramen magnum yakho. I-medulla oblongata yakho ikwinqanaba elifanayo okanye ngaphezulu kancinci kulo mngxunya.

Umphezulu we-medulla yakho wenza umgangatho we-ventricle yesine yengqondo yakho. IiVentricles yimingxunya ezaliswe lulwelo lomqolo wobuchopho olunceda ukubonelela ngengqondo yakho ngezakhamzimba.

Yenza ntoni i-medulla oblongata?

Ngaphandle kobungakanani bayo obuncinci, i-medulla oblongata yakho ineendima ezininzi ezibalulekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuhambisa ulwazi phakathi kwentambo yakho yomqolo kunye nengqondo. Ikwalawula kwakhona iinkqubo zakho zentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla. Ezine kwezili-12 zakho zivela kulo mmandla.

Ingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo unxibelelana ngokusebenzisa iikholamu zemithambo yoluvo ebaleka kwi-medulla yakho ebizwa ngamaphecana omqolo. La maphecana anokunyuka (thumela ulwazi kwingqondo yakho) okanye wehle (uphathe ulwazi uye kumqolo wakho).

Iphecana ngalinye lomqolo wakho liphethe uhlobo oluthile lolwazi. Umzekelo, iphecana lakho le-spinothalamic elisecaleni lithwala ulwazi olunxulumene nentlungu kunye nobushushu.

Ukuba inxenye ye-medulla yakho yonakele, inokukhokelela kukungakwazi ukudlulisa uhlobo oluthile lomyalezo phakathi komzimba wakho nengqondo. Iindidi zolwazi ezithwelwe ngala maphecana omqolo zibandakanya:

• intlungu kunye nemvakalelo
• touch ekrwada
• ukuchukumisa kakuhle
• ukwazisa
• imbono yentshukumo
• imbono yoxinzelelo
• ulawulo olululo lwezihlunu
• ibhalansi
• ithoni yemisipha
• Umsebenzi wamehlo

Umnqamlezo wakho usuka kwicala lasekhohlo lengqondo yakho uye kwicala lasekunene lomqolo wakho kwi-medulla yakho. Ukuba wonakalisa icala lasekhohlo le-medulla yakho, iya kukhokelela ekuphulukaneni nokusebenza kwemoto kwicala lasekunene lomzimba wakho. Ngokufanayo, ukuba icala lasekunene le-medulla lonakele, liyakuchaphazela icala lasekhohlo lomzimba wakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-medulla oblongata yonakele?

Ukuba i-medulla yakho yonakele, ingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo womqolo awuyi kuba nakho ukuhambisa ngokufanelekileyo ulwazi komnye komnye.

Umonakalo kwi-medulla oblongata yakho inokukhokelela ku:

• iingxaki zokuphefumla
• ukungasebenzi kolwimi
• ukugabha
• ukulahleka kwegag, ukuthimla, okanye ukukhwehlela okukhoyo
• iingxaki zokugwinya
• ukuphulukana nolawulo lwezihlunu
• iingxaki zokulinganisela
• ii-hiccups ezingalawulekiyo
• ukulahleka kwemvakalelo emilenzeni, esiqwini, okanye ebusweni

Ngaba zikhona izifo ezichaphazela i-medulla oblongata?

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki zinokuphuhla ukuba i-medulla yakho yonakele ngenxa yestroke, ukonakala kwengqondo, okanye ukonzakala entloko ngesiquphe. Iimpawu ezivelayo zixhomekeke kwinxalenye ethile ye-medulla yakho eyonakalisiweyo.

Isifo sikaParkinson

Isifo sikaParkinson sisifo esiqhubela phambili esichaphazela ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yovalo. Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• ukungcangcazela
• Ukuhamba kancinci
• ukuqina kwamalungu kunye nesiqu
• ingxaki yokulinganisa

Isizathu ngqo seParkinson's asikaziwa, kodwa uninzi lweempawu zibangelwa kukuthotywa kwemithambo-luvo evelisa i-neurotransmitter ebizwa ngokuba yi-dopamine.

Kucingelwa ukuba ukonakala kwengqondo kuqala kwangaphambi kokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zobuchopho. Abantu abaneParkinson bahlala benesifo sentliziyo njengokulawula isantya sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uphononongo lwango-2017, olwenziwe kwizigulana ezingama-52 ezinesifo sikaParkinson, lwasungula ikhonkco lokuqala phakathi kokungaqhelekanga kwemedulla kunye neParkinson. Basebenzise itekhnoloji ye-MRI ukufumana ukungaqheleki kolwakhiwo kwiindawo ze-medulla ezinxulumene neengxaki zentliziyo yabantu abanamava kaParkinson.

Isifo seWallenberg

Isifo seWallenberg sikwaziwa njenge-lateral medullary syndrome. Ihlala iphumela kwistroke kufutshane nemedulla. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesifo seWallenberg zibandakanya:

• ukuginya ubunzima
• isiyezi
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• iingxaki zokulinganisela
• ii-hiccups ezingalawulekiyo
• ukulahleka kwentlungu kunye nokuziva ubushushu kwisiqingatha sobuso
• Ukuba ndindisholo kwelinye icala lomzimba

Isifo seDejerine

I-Dejerine syndrome okanye i-medial medullary syndrome yimeko enqabileyo echaphazela ngaphantsi kwe-1% yabantu abanemivimbo echaphazela isahlulo sangasemva sobuchopho babo. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ubuthathaka bengalo nomlenze kwelinye icala lomonakalo wobuchopho
• ubuthathaka bolwimi kwelinye icala lomonakalo wobuchopho
• ukulahleka kwemvakalelo kwelinye icala lomonakalo wobuchopho
• ukukhubazeka kwamalungu kwelinye icala lomonakalo wobuchopho

Isifo se-medial medullary syndrome

I-bilateral medialary medullary syndrome yinkxalabo enqabileyo evela kwistroke. Liqhezu kuphela le-1% labantu abanemivumbo kwindawo engasemva kwengqondo yabo ephuhlisa le meko. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukusilela ekuphefumuleni
• ukukhubazeka kwawo omane amalungu
• ukungasebenzi kolwimi

Isifo seReinhold syndrome

I-Reinhold syndrome okanye i-hemimedullary syndrome inqabile kakhulu. Kukho kuphela malunga noncwadi lonyango oluphuhlise le meko. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• ukukhubazeka
• ilahleko yeemvakalelo kwelinye icala
• ukulahleka kolawulo lwezihlunu kwelinye icala
• Isifo sikaHorner
• ukulahleka kwemvakalelo kwelinye icala lobuso
• isicaphucaphu
• kunzima ukuthetha
• ukugabha

Iindlela zokuthatha eziphambili

I-medulla oblongata yakho ikwisiseko sobuchopho bakho, apho isiqu sobuchopho sidibanisa ingqondo kumqolo wakho. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekudluliseni imiyalezo phakathi kwethambo lomqolo kunye nengqondo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukulawula iinkqubo zakho zentliziyo kunye nokuphefumula.

Ukuba i-medulla oblongata yakho yonakele, inokukhokelela kukusilela kokuphefumla, ukukhubazeka, okanye ukulahleka kwemvakalelo.