Isifo sephepha seMeningeal

Umxholo

• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Iimpawu
• Kufunyaniswa njani
• Iingxaki
• Unyango
• Uthintelo
• Umbono wabantu abanesifo sephepha semeninge

Ushwankathelo

Isifo sephepha (TB) sisifo esosulelayo nesisemoyeni esihlasela imiphunga. I-TB ibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa Isifo sephepha seMicobacterium. Ukuba usulelo alunyangeki ngokukhawuleza, ibhaktiriya inokuhamba ngokuhamba kwegazi ukusulela amanye amalungu kunye nezicubu.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iibhaktheriya ziya kuhamba ziye kwiimenyu, eziyizimbumba ezijikeleze ingqondo kunye nentambo yomgogodla. Iimengeshi ezichaphazelekileyo zinokubangela imeko esongela ubomi eyaziwa ngokuba sisifo sephepha somzimba. Isifo sephepha lesifo semithambo saziwa njenge-tubercular meningitis okanye i-TB meningitis.

Imiba yomngcipheko

I-TB ne-TB meningitis inokukhula ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala bayo yonke iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhula kwezi meko.

Imiba yomngcipheko we-TB meningitis ibandakanya ukuba nembali:

• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo
• ukusebenzisa kakhulu utywala
• buthathaka amajoni omzimba
• iswekile yemellitus

I-TB meningitis ayifane ifumaneke e-United States ngenxa yamanqanaba aphezulu okugonya. Kumazwe anengeniso ephantsi, abantwana abaphakathi kokuzalwa kunye neminyaka emi-4 ubudala kunokwenzeka ukuba bakhulise le meko.

Iimpawu

Ekuqaleni, iimpawu ze-TB meningitis zibonakala kancinane. Ziye zibe qatha ngaphezulu kweeveki. Ngexesha lokuqala kosulelo, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ukugula
• umkhuhlane ophantsi

Njengoko isifo siqhubeka, iimpawu ziya kuba zibi kakhulu. Iimpawu zakudala zesifo sokudumba kwenwebu yengqondo, ezinjengentamo elukhuni, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nobuntununtunu bokukhanya, azisoloko zibakho kwisifo sephepha semeninge. Endaweni yoko unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ifiva
• ukudideka
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukungakhathali
• ukucaphuka
• ukungabikho zingqondweni

Kufunyaniswa njani

Ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye akubuze malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yonyango.

Ugqirha wakho angayalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukuba ngaba ucinga ukuba uneempawu zesifo sephepha i-meningitis. Oku kunokubandakanya i-lumbar puncture, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimpompo yomqolo. Baza kuqokelela ulwelo kwikholamu yakho yomqolo kwaye bayithumele kwilebhu yohlalutyo ukuqinisekisa imeko yakho.

Olunye uvavanyo ugqirha lwakho anokulusebenzisa ukuvavanya impilo yakho lubandakanya:

• i-biopsy yeemenges
• inkcubeko yegazi
• X-reyi yesifuba
• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko kwe-CT
• Uvavanyo lolusu lwesifo sephepha (uvavanyo lolusu lwe-PPD)

Iingxaki

Iingxaki zesifo se-meningitis zibalulekile, kwaye kwezinye iimeko zisongela ubomi. Ziquka:

• ukuxhuzula
• ukungeva kakuhle
• ukwanda koxinzelelo kwingqondo
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• ukubetha
• ukufa

Ukonyusa uxinzelelo kwingqondo kunokubangela ukonakala okungagungqiyo kunye nokungaguquki kwengqondo. Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana utshintsho lombono kunye neentloko kwangaxeshanye. Oku kunokuba ngumqondiso woxinzelelo olwandisiweyo kwingqondo.

Unyango

Amachiza amane aqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo lwe-TB:

• isoniazid
• rifampin
• ipycinanamide
• iethambutol

Unyango lwe-meningitis ye-TB luquka la mayeza afanayo, ngaphandle kwe-ethambutol. I-Ethambutol ayingeni kakuhle ngaphakathi kwimigca yengqondo. I-fluoroquinolone, efana ne-moxifloxacin okanye i-levofloxacin, ihlala isetyenziswa endaweni yayo.

Ugqirha wakho unokumisela inkqubo ye-steroids. I-Steroids iya kunciphisa iingxaki ezinxulumene nemeko.

Unyango lunokuhlala ixesha elide kwiinyanga ezili-12, kuxhomekeka kubuzaza bosulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha unokufuna unyango esibhedlele.

Uthintelo

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela i-meningitis ye-TB kukuthintela usulelo lwe-TB. Kwiindawo apho i-TB ixhaphake khona, iyeza lokuthintela i-Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) linokunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesi sifo. Eli yeza lokugonya lisebenza kakuhle ekulawuleni ukosulelwa yi-TB ebantwaneni abancinci.

Ukunyanga abantu abane-TB enganyangekiyo okanye engasebenziyo nako kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwesi sifo. Usulelo olungasebenziyo okanye olungalali kuxa umntu evavanyiwe ukuba une-TB, kodwa engenazo iimpawu zesi sifo. Abantu abanesifo sokulala abasakwazi ukusasaza isifo.

Umbono wabantu abanesifo sephepha semeninge

Indlela ojonga ngayo iya kuxhomekeka kubukhali beempawu zakho kunye nokuba ulufuna ngokukhawuleza kangakanani unyango. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba akunike unyango. Ukuba ufumana unyango ngaphambi kokuba iingxaki zikhule, umbono ulungile.

Imbonakalo yabantu abaphuhlisa ukonakala kwengqondo okanye ukubetha nge-TB meningitis ayintle. Ukonyusa uxinzelelo kwingqondo kubonisa ngamandla umbono ombi womntu. Ukonakala kobuchopho kule meko kuhlala ngokusisigxina kwaye kuya kuba nefuthe kwimpilo kwixesha elide.

Unokuba nosulelo ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye. Ugqirha wakho kuyakufuneka akubeke esweni emva kokuba unyangwe isifo se-meningitis ye-TB ukuze abenako ukubona usulelo olutsha kwangoko.