I-mucositis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nokhetho kunyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni ophezulu we-mucositis
• Iidigri eziphambili ze-mucositis
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Mucositis kukudumba kwetyhefu yamathumbu edla ngokunxulunyaniswa ne-chemotherapy okanye unyango ngemitha, kwaye sesinye seziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwizigulana ezinyangwa ngumhlaza.

Kuba inwebu yangaphakathi igcwele yonke indawo yokugaya ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya kwi-anus, iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokwendawo echaphazeleke kakhulu, kodwa eyona ixhaphakileyo kukuba isifo somlomo sivela emlonyeni, esibizwa ngokuba yi-oral mucositis, kwaye sibangele ukungonwabi njengezilonda zomlomo, ukudumba iintsini kunye neentlungu ezininzi xa usitya, umzekelo.

Kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-mucositis, unyango lunokubandakanya ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci kukungqinelana kokutya kunye nokusebenzisa iigels zomlomo ezibulala iintlungu, de kube kwenziwe uhlengahlengiso kunyango lomhlaza kwaye, kwimeko ezinzima, ukwamkelwa esibhedlele kulawulo lwamayeza kunye ukondla emthanjeni ngokwesikhokelo se-oncologist.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-mucositis ziyahluka ngokweendawo ezichaphazelekayo zesisu, impilo yomntu ngokubanzi kunye nenqanaba le-mucositis. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ukudumba nokuba bomvu kweentsini kunye nomngxunya womlomo;
• Ubuhlungu okanye ukutshisa imvakalelo emlonyeni nasemqaleni;
• Kunzima ukuginya, ukuthetha okanye ukuhlafuna;
• Ubukho bezilonda kunye negazi emlonyeni;
• Amathe agqithisileyo emlonyeni.

Ezi mpawu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-10 emva kokuqala kwekhemotherapy kunye / okanye nomjikelo we-radiotherapy, kodwa zinokuqhubeka ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-2, ngenxa yokwehla kwenani leeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Ukongeza, ukuba i-mucositis ichaphazela amathumbu, ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubonakala, ezinjengeentlungu esiswini, urhudo, igazi esitulweni kunye nentlungu xa ushiya, umzekelo.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-mucositis inokukhokelela ekubonakaleni kwethayile emhlophe eshinyeneyo, eyenzeka xa isikhunta sikhula ngokugqithileyo emlonyeni.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni ophezulu we-mucositis

I-Mucositis ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abafumana unyango lomhlaza kunye ne-chemotherapy kunye / okanye i-radiotherapy, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba bonke abantu abenza olu hlobo lonyango baya kuphuhlisa i-mucositis. Ezinye zezinto ezibonakala ngathi zonyusa umngcipheko wokukhula kwesi siphumo sibandakanya ukungabinampilo emzimbeni, ukutshaya, ukusela amanzi kancinci emini, ukutyeba kancinci okanye ukuba nengxaki engapheliyo, enjengesifo sezintso, isifo seswekile okanye usulelo lwe-HIV.

Iidigri eziphambili ze-mucositis

Ngokutsho kwe-WHO, i-mucositis inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ngama-5 degrees:

• IBakala 0: Akukho lutshintsho kwi-mucosa;
• IBakala 1: kunokwenzeka ukugcina ubomvu kunye nokudumba kwe-mucosa;
• IBakala 2Amanxeba amancinci akhoyo kwaye umntu unokuba nobunzima bokutya ukutya okuqinileyo;
• IBakala 3: kukho amanxeba kwaye umntu angasela iziselo kuphela;
• IBakala 4ukutya ngomlomo akunakwenzeka, kufuna ukuba kulaliswe esibhedlele.

Ukuchongwa kwinqanaba le-mucositis kwenziwa ngugqirha kwaye kunceda ukufumanisa olona hlobo lonyango.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga imeko ye-mucositis lungahluka ngokweempawu kunye nenqanaba lokudumba kwaye, ngokubanzi, kusebenza kuphela ekunciphiseni iimpawu, ukuze umntu akwazi ukutya ngokulula kwaye azive engonwabanga kusasa.

Inyathelo elihlala likhuthazwa, nokuba ubukrakra kwi-mucositis, kukwamkelwa kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokucoceka ngomlomo, ezinokusetyenziswa nje, izihlandlo ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 ngosuku, zokuhlamba umlomo okucetyiswa ngugqirha, ukubulala iintsholongwane emanxebeni kunye kuthintele ukukhula kwezifo. Xa oku kungenakwenzeka, isisombululo esenziwe ekhaya inokuba kukuhlamba umlomo wakho ngomxube wamanzi ashushu ngetyuwa, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukunikela ingqalelo kwindlela otya ngayo, ekufuneka ineekutya ekulula ukuhlafuna kwaye zinokucaphuka kancinci. Yiyo loo nto kufuneka uphephe ukutya okushushu, okunzima kakhulu, okunje ngee toast okanye amandongomane; iziqholo kakhulu, njengepepile; okanye eziqulathe uhlobo oluthile lweasidi, njengelamuni okanye iorenji, umzekelo. Isisombululo esifanelekileyo kukwenza i-purees kwezinye iziqhamo, umzekelo.

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zesondlo ezinokukunceda:

Kwimeko apho la manyathelo engonelanga, ugqirha unokuyalela ukuba kuthathwe iipilisi zentlungu okanye nokusetyenziswa kwejeli ye-anesthetic, enokuthomalalisa iintlungu kwaye ivumele umntu ukuba atye ngokulula.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, xa i-mucositis ibanga lesi-4, umzekelo, kwaye ithintela umntu ekutyeni, ugqirha unokucebisa ukulaliswa esibhedlele, ukuze umntu enze amayeza ngqo emthanjeni, kunye nesondlo se-parenteral, apho kulawulwa khona izondlo ngqo kwigazi. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela ukondla kwabazali kusebenza ngayo.