Uyintoni umhlaza, uphuma njani kwaye uxilonge

Umxholo

• Wenza njani umhlaza
• Uxilongwa njani umhlaza
• Izizathu ezinokubangela umhlaza

Wonke umhlaza sisifo esibi esinokuchaphazela naliphi na ilungu okanye izicwili emzimbeni. Ivela kwimpazamo eyenzeka kulwahlulo lweeseli emzimbeni, ethi ibangele iiseli ezingaqhelekanga, kodwa inokunyangwa ngamathuba amahle okunyanga, ngakumbi xa ifunyenwe kwisigaba sayo sokuqala, ngotyando, i-immunotherapy, i-radiotherapy okanye ichemotherapy, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwethumba umntu analo.

Ngokubanzi, iiseli ezisempilweni zomzimba womntu zihlala, zahlule zize zife, nangona kunjalo, iiseli zomhlaza, ezo zezitshintshiweyo kwaye zibangele umhlaza, zahlulahlula ngendlela engalawulekiyo, nto leyo edala ukuba ibambe ithumba elihlala libi.

Wenza njani umhlaza

Kwiseli ephilayo, iiseli ziyaphindaphindeka, kwaye iiseli "zeentombi" zihlala zihlala zifana ncam neeseli "zikamama", kungekho tshintsho. Nangona kunjalo, xa iseli "yentombi" yahlukile kwiseli "kamama", oko kuthetha ukuba utshintsho lwenzekile, olubonisa ukuqala komhlaza.

Ezi seli zibuhlungu ziphindaphindeka ngokungalawulekiyo, zikhokelela ekwakheni amathumba amabi, anokusasazeka kwaye afikelele kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-metastasis.

Umhlaza wenzeka kancinci kwaye uhamba ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo:

1. Inqanaba lokuqalisa: linyathelo lokuqala lomhlaza, apho iiseli zinengxaki yecarcinogens, zibangela utshintsho kwezinye zejen zabo, nangona kunjalo, akukwazeki ukuba zichonge iiseli ezinobungozi;
2. Inqanaba lokunyusa: iiseli ngokuthe ngcembe zibe ziiseli ezinobungozi ngokudibana rhoqo ne-causative agent, ukwenza ithumba eliqala ukwanda ngokobukhulu;
3. Inqanaba lokuqhubela phambili: sisigaba apho ukuphindaphindeka okungalawulekiyo kweeseli eziguqulweyo kwenzeka, kude kufike ukuqala kweempawu. Jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lweempawu ezinokuthi zibonise umhlaza.

Izinto ezinokubangela umhlaza zezi zibangela utshintsho kwiiseli ezisempilweni, kwaye xa ukubhengeza ixesha elide kukho amathuba amakhulu okuba nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi akunakwenzeka ukuba uchonge ukuba yintoni ebangele ukuguquka kweseli yokuqala ebangele umhlaza emntwini.

Uxilongwa njani umhlaza

Ugqirha usenokukrokrela ukuba umntu unesifo somhlaza ngenxa yeempawu azibonakalisayo, kwaye ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zegazi kunye nokuvavanywa kwemifanekiso, njenge-ultrasound neMRI. Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba wazi ukuba i-nodule iyingozi ngokwenene nge-biopsy, apho kususwa khona iziqwenga ezincinci zethishu, ethi xa ibonwa elebhu ibonise utshintsho lweselula olubi.

Ayisiwo onke amaqhuma okanye umjikelo onomhlaza, ngenxa yokuba ezinye iintlobo zinobungozi, ke kubalulekile ukuba ube ne-biopsy kwimeko yokusola. Ngubani oxilonga umhlaza ngugqirha osekwe kuvavanyo, kodwa amanye amagama anokubakho kwiziphumo zovavanyo, kwaye oko kunokubonisa ukuba ngumhlaza:

• I-nodule enobungozi;
• Ithumba elibi;
• ICarcinoma;
• Ithumba ebulalayo;
• Ithumba ebulalayo;
• Adenocarcinoma;
• Umhlaza;
• ISarcoma.

Amanye amagama anokubakho kwingxelo yaselebhu kwaye angabonisi umhlaza ngala: Utshintsho lweBenign kunye ne-nodular hyperplasia, umzekelo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela umhlaza

Ukutshintsha kwemfuza kunokubangelwa zizizathu zangaphakathi, ezinje ngezifo, okanye ngezizathu zangaphandle, ezinje ngendalo. Ke, umhlaza unokuvela ngenxa:

• Imitha ebanzi: Ngokukhanya kwelanga, izixhobo zokwenza umfanekiso ngemagneti yokujonga okanye i-solarium, umzekelo, enokubangela umhlaza wolusu;
• Ukudumba okungapheliyo: Ukudumba kwelungu, njengokuhamba kwamathumbu, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ube nomhlaza;
• Umsi: umdiza, umzekelo, ngumthombo onokubangela umhlaza wemiphunga;
• ​Intsholongwane: njenge-hepatitis B okanye i-C okanye i-papilloma yomntu, kwezinye iimeko inoxanduva lomhlaza wesibeleko okanye wesibindi, umzekelo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, unobangela womhlaza awukaziwa kwaye isifo sinokuvela nakweyiphi na inyama okanye ilungu kwaye sinwenwele kweminye imimandla yomzimba ngegazi. Ke, uhlobo ngalunye lomhlaza lubizwa ngegama lendawo apho lufunyenwe khona.

Umhlaza ungakhula nakubantwana nakwintsana, ibe lutshintsho kwimizila yemfuza eqala ngexesha lokukhula komzimba, kwaye ebantwaneni ithande ukuba mandundu ngakumbi kuba kweli nqanaba lobomi iiseli zanda ngokukhawuleza, ngamandla nangokungaguqukiyo. indlela, ekhokelela ekunyukeni ngokukhawuleza kweeseli ezinobungozi. Funda ngakumbi kwi: Umhlaza wabantwana.