Ukuphumla kweMisipha: Uluhlu lweMithi kagqirha

Umxholo

• Amayeza amiselweyo
• I-Antispasmodics: I-kupumzika embindini yemisipha yokuphumla (SMRs)
• Izinto ezingafunekiyo
• Izilumkiso zokuthomalalisa izihlunu
• Amayeza angekho kwilebula yokuqaqamba
• IiBenzodiazepines
• Clonidine
• IGabapentin
• Ukukhetha ngaphezulu kwekhawuntareni yokuqaqanjelwa yimisipha
• Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)
• Acetaminophen
• Nini ukubiza ugqirha wakho
• Thetha nogqirha wakho
• Imibuzo neempendulo
• Q:
• A:

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Intshayelelo

Iziphumlisi zemisipha, okanye izihlunu eziphumlezisayo, ngamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha okanye ukungxama kwemisipha.

Ukudumba kwemisipha okanye iicramps ngokukhawuleza, ukungazibandakanyi kwezihlunu okanye iqela lezihlunu. Zingabangelwa kukuxinezeleka kakhulu kwezihlunu kwaye zikhokelele kwintlungu. Banxulunyaniswa neemeko ezinjengeentlungu ezisezantsi, iintlungu zentamo, kunye nefibromyalgia.

Ukuxhamla kwemisipha, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kukuqhubeka kokuqina kwemisipha ebangela ukuqina, ukuqina, okanye ukuqina okunokuphazamisa ukuhamba okuqhelekileyo, ukuthetha, okanye ukuhamba. Ukuxhamla kwemisipha kubangelwa kukulimala kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho okanye intambo yomqolo ebandakanyeka ekuhambeni. Iimeko ezinokubangela ukuxhamla kwemisipha kubandakanya i-multiple sclerosis (MS), i-cerebral palsy, kunye ne-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Amachiza amiselweyo anokunceda ekuthomalaliseni iintlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka kwimisipha okanye ukunganyamezeleki. Ukongeza, amayeza athile e-counter-counter angasetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu kunye neentlungu ezinxulumene ne-spasms ye-muscle.

Amayeza amiselweyo

Amayeza amiselweyo ahlukaniswe ngamaqela amabini: i-antispasmodics kunye ne-antispastics. I-Antispasmodics isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha, kwaye ii-antispastics zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqaqamba kwemisipha. Ezinye ii-antispasmodics, ezinje nge-tizanidine, zinokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqaqamba kwemisipha. Nangona kunjalo, ii-antispastics akufuneki zisetyenziselwe ukunyanga izihlunu zemisipha.

I-Antispasmodics: I-kupumzika embindini yemisipha yokuphumla (SMRs)

I-SMR esebenza embindini isetyenziselwa ukongeza ukuphumla kunye nonyango lomzimba ukunceda ukukhulula izihlunu zemisipha. Bacingelwa ukuba basebenze ngokubangela isiphumo sokuthomalalisa okanye ngokuthintela imithambo-luvo yakho ekuthumeleni imiqondiso yeentlungu kwingqondo yakho.

Kuya kufuneka usebenzise ezi zinto zokuphumla kwezihlunu ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezi-2 okanye ezi-3. Ukhuseleko lokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide alukaziwa.

Ngelixa ii-antispasmodics zinokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungqubana kwezihlunu, aziboniswanga ukuba zisebenza bhetele kuneziyobisi ezingezizo ezokulwa nokudumba (i-NSAIDs) okanye i-acetaminophen. Ukongeza, baneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kuneeNSAID okanye iiacetaminophen.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ii-SMR eziphambili zibandakanya:

• ukozela
• isiyezi
• intloko ebuhlungu
• uvalo
• umchamo obomvu-mfusa okanye orenji
• yehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi xa umile

Kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nezibonelelo kunye nobungozi bala mayeza kunyango lwe-spasms yakho yemisipha.

Uluhlu lwee-SMR ezisebenza embindini

Igama lesiqhelo	Igama lebrand	Ifom	Igeneric iyafumaneka
ukrwelo	Soma	ipilisi	Ewe
icarisoprodol / aspirin	Ayifumaneki	ipilisi	Ewe
icarisoprodol / aspirin / codeine	Ayifumaneki	ipilisi	Ewe
Yeklorzoxazone	IParafon Forte, iLorzone	ipilisi	Ewe
cyclobenzaprine	UFaxmid, uFlexeril, uAmrix	ithebhulethi, iphilisi ekhutshiweyo eyandisiweyo	ithebhulethi kuphela
metaxalone	Skelaxin, Metaxall	ipilisi	Ewe
memocarbamol	Robaxin	ipilisi	Ewe
Orphenadrine	I-Norflex	Ithebhulethi ekhutshwa ixesha elide	Ewe
tizanidine	Zanaflex	tablet, philisi	Ewe

Izinto ezingafunekiyo

I-Antispastics isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqaqamba kwemisipha. Akufanele zisetyenziselwe ukunyanga izihlunu. La machiza abandakanya:

Baclofen: I-Baclofen (i-Lioresal) isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukungangqinelani okubangelwa yi-MS. Akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba isebenza njani, kodwa kubonakala ngathi kuthintela imiqondiso ye-nerve evela kumqolo womqolo obangela ukuba izihlunu zitshise. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokuquka ukozela, ukuba nesiyezi, ukuba buthathaka nokudinwa.

Dantrolene: I-Dantrolene (iDantrium) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-spasms ezibangelwa kukulimala kwentambo yomqolo, ukubetha, ukukhubazeka kwengqondo, okanye i-MS. Isebenza ngokusebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwizihlunu zamathambo ukukhulula umsipha wemisipha. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokubandakanya ukozela, isiyezi, ukuba krwada kunye nokudinwa.

Diazepam: I-Diazepam (iValium) isetyenziselwa ukukhulula izihlunu ezibangelwa kukudumba, ukwenzakala, okanye ukuqaqamba kwemisipha. Isebenza ngokwandisa umsebenzi we-neurotransmitter ethile ukunciphisa ukubakho kokuphazamiseka kwemisipha. I-Diazepam iyalalisa. Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya ukozela, ukudinwa, kunye nobuthathaka bemisipha.

Uluhlu lwee-antispastics

Igama lesiqhelo	Igama lebrand	Ifom	Igeneric iyafumaneka
baclofen	Ukutya, iGablofen, uLioresal	ipilisi, inaliti	Ewe
dantrolene	Dantrium	ipilisi	Ewe
mzantsiweb	Valium	ukunqunyanyiswa ngomlomo, ithebhulethi, inaliti	Ewe

Izilumkiso zokuthomalalisa izihlunu

Ukuphumla kwezihlunu ezinje ngecarisoprodol kunye ne diazepam kunokuba ngumkhwa wokwenza. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo njengoko kumiselwe ngugqirha wakho.

Ukuphumla kwezihlunu nako kunokubangela iimpawu zokurhoxa, ezinje ngokuxhuzula okanye ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo (ukubona izinto ezingezizo). Sukuyeka ngequbuliso ukuthatha amayeza akho, ngakumbi ukuba ubusele uthatha ixesha elide.

Kwakhona izihlunu eziphumza uxinzelelo kwinkqubo yakho ye-nervous system (CNS), isenza ukuba kube nzima ukuhoya okanye ukuhlala uphaphile. Ngelixa uthabatha isihlunu esihlaziyayo, thintela imisebenzi efuna ukuphapha kwengqondo okanye ukulungelelanisa, njengokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini abanzima.

Akufanele uthathe izidudla zezihlunu nge:

• utywala
• Iziyobisi ezidakisayo ze-CNS, ezinje nge-opioids okanye i-psychotropics
• amayeza okulala
• izongezo zemifuno ezinjenge-wort yaseSt

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela onokusebenzisa ngayo ngokukhuselekileyo izihlunu ukuba:

• badala kwiminyaka engama-65
• unengxaki yempilo yengqondo okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• uneengxaki zesibindi

Amayeza angekho kwilebula yokuqaqamba

Oogqirha banokusebenzisa amayeza athile ukunyanga ukungakhathali nokuba amayeza awavunyelwanga loo njongo nguMbutho wokutya kunye neDrug wase-U.S. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi. Amachiza alandelayo ayisiyonyani izihlunu, kodwa anokunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zokungakhathali.

IiBenzodiazepines

I-Benzodiazepines zizinto ezinokunceda ukukhulula izihlunu. Zisebenza ngokwandisa iziphumo ze-neurotransmitters ezithile, eziyimichiza edlulisa imiyalezo phakathi kweeseli zakho zobuchopho.

Imizekelo ye-benzodiazepines ibandakanya:

• clonazepam (iKlonopin)
• ILorazepam (Ativan)
• alprazolam (Xanax)

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-benzodiazepines zinokubandakanya ukozela kunye neengxaki ngokulinganisela kunye nenkumbulo. Ezi ziyobisi zinokuba ngumkhwa wokwenza.

Clonidine

I-Clonidine (Kapvay) icingelwa ukuba isebenza ngokuthintela imithambo-luvo yakho ekuthumeleni imiqondiso yeentlungu kwingqondo yakho okanye ngokubangela impembelelo.

I-Clonidine akufuneki isetyenziswe nezinye izihlunu eziphumlayo. Ukuyithatha ngeziyobisi ezifanayo kwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Umzekelo, ukuthatha i-clonidine nge-tizanidine kunokubangela uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi kakhulu.

IClonidine iyafumaneka ngegama-lophawu kunye nakwinguqulelo yesiqhelo.

IGabapentin

I-Gabapentin (i-Neurontin) sisiyobisi se-anticonvulsant esisetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ukubanjwa. Ayaziwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba i-gabapentin isebenza njani ukunciphisa ukungxama kwemisipha. IGabapentin iyafumaneka ngegama lophawu kunye neenguqulelo eziqhelekileyo.

Ukukhetha ngaphezulu kwekhawuntareni yokuqaqanjelwa yimisipha

Unyango lwe-OTC luyacetyiswa njengonyango lokuqala lomnxeba we-spasms obangelwa ziimeko ezinje ngeentlungu ezisezantsi ezisezantsi okanye iintlungu zentloko. Oku kuthetha ukuba kuya kufuneka uzame unyango lwe-OTC ngaphambi kwamayeza amiselweyo.

Iinketho zonyango lwe-OTC zibandakanya iziyobisi ezingekho kwi-anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), i-acetaminophen, okanye indibaniselwano yazo zombini. Ugqirha wakho okanye usokhemesti unokukunceda ukhethe unyango lwe-OTC.

Izidakamizwa ezichasayo ezichasayo (i-NSAID)

Ii-NSAID zisebenza ngokuthintela umzimba wakho ekwenzeni izinto ezithile ezibangela ukudumba kunye nentlungu. Ii-NSAID ziyafumaneka kwiinguqulelo eziqhelekileyo kunye negama legama. Ziye zithengiswe ngaphezulu kwekhawuntari. Iinguqu ezinamandla ziyafumaneka ngommiselo.

Ii-NSAID ziza njengamacwecwe omlomo, iifomsile, okanye ukumiswa. Ziza njengamacwecwe ahlafunwayo abantwana. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zala machiza zinokubandakanya isisu esibuhlungu kunye nesiyezi.

Imizekelo yee-NSAID zibandakanya:

• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• I-naproxen (iAleve)

Acetaminophen

I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) kucingelwa ukuba isebenza ngokuthintela umzimba wakho ekwenzeni izinto ezithile ezibangela iintlungu. I-Acetaminophen iyafumaneka kwiinguqulelo eziqhelekileyo kunye negama legama. Kuza njengokukhululwa kwangoko kunye nokwandiswa kweepilisi zomlomo kunye neepilisi, iipilisi eziqhekeza ngomlomo, iipilisi ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezisombululo zomlomo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ze-acetaminophen zinokubandakanya isicaphucaphu kunye nesisu esibuhlungu.

Nini ukubiza ugqirha wakho

Unokuhlala ulawula isisu sakho se-spasm okanye iimpawu zokuqaqamba ngokwakho, kodwa kwezinye iimeko unokufuna ingcebiso kwezonyango okanye ukhathalelo. Qiniseka ukuba ubiza ugqirha wakho ukuba:

• ube ne-spasticity okokuqala kwaye ungazi unobangela
• qaphela ukuqaqamba kuya kusiba qatha, kusenzeka rhoqo, okanye ukwenza nzima imisebenzi
• une-spasms ebukhali kwaye rhoqo
• qaphela ukukhubazeka kwamalungu omzimba wakho achatshazelwe yimisipha
• uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kwisihlunu sakho sokuphumla
• une "joint edibeneyo" ngenxa yesivumelwano esinciphisa uluhlu lwakho lokunyakaza okanye kubangele izilonda zoxinzelelo
• kukukhathazeka okanye iintlungu ezandayo

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Kubalulekile ukunyanga zombini ukungxama kunye nokuqaqamba kwemisipha. Ukuxengaxenga, ukuhlala ixesha elide kunokukhokelela kwisivumelwano semisipha, esinokunciphisa uluhlu lwakho lokuhamba okanye ushiye amalungu adibeneyo asisigxina. Kwaye ukungqubana kwezihlunu akunakuphazamiseka kuphela, kunokuba ngumqondiso wengxaki yezonyango.

Ukuxhamla kwemisipha yakho okanye ukungangxami kunokwenzeka ukuba kuyanyangeka ngokuphumla, unyango lomzimba, amayeza, okanye konke oku kungasentla. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukubeka isicwangciso sokhathalelo esinokunciphisa iintlungu zakho kwaye uphinde uhambe kakuhle.

Imibuzo neempendulo

Q:

Ngaba i-cannabis inokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqaqamba kwemisipha okanye ispasm?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Ewe kwezinye iimeko.

I-Cannabis, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-marijuana, isemthethweni kumazwe athile ekusebenziseni amayeza. I-spasm yemisipha yenye yeemeko zempilo ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-cannabis. Inceda ukukhulula izihlunu ngokunciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba.

I-Cannabis isetyenziselwe ukunyanga ukuxhamla kwemisipha ngenxa ye-multiple sclerosis (MS). Kwizinto ezininzi, i-cannabis ibonakalisiwe ukuba iyasebenza iyodwa kwaye indibene nolunye unyango ekunciphiseni ukungangqinelani kwemisipha. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ulwazi olunqunyelweyo ekusetyenzisweni kwe-cannabis yokuqaqamba kwemisipha okungahambelani ne-MS.

Ukuba uphathwa nge-MS kwaye usenokosuleleka kwezihlunu okanye ukungangxami, ukongeza i-cannabis kunokunceda. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba yinto elungileyo kuwe.

Kuya kufuneka ugcine izinto ezithile engqondweni. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ze-cannabis zibandakanya ukuba nesiyezi, ukugabha, usulelo lomchamo, kunye nokuphinda ubuye kwi-MS. Kwakhona, ulwazi olulinganiselweyo luyafumaneka malunga nokunxibelelana kweziyobisi kunye nezinye izilumkiso zokusetyenziswa.

Iimpendulo zeQela labaHleli bezeMpilo zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.