Lupus (lupus) nephritis: yintoni, iimpawu, ukuhlelwa kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ukwahlulahlula kunye neentlobo zelupus nephritis

I-Lupus nephritis ivela xa inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus, esisifo sokuzimela, ichaphazela izintso, ibangela ukudumba kunye nomonakalo kwimikhumbi encinci ejongene nokucoca i-toxins emzimbeni. Ke, izintso azikwazi ukusebenza ngesiqhelo kunye neempawu ezinjengegazi kumchamo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye iintlungu ezingapheliyo kumalungu, umzekelo.

Esi sifo sichaphazela ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sezigulana ze-lupus kwaye sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kwiminyaka elishumi yobomi, nangona sinokuchaphazela amadoda nabantu kunye neminye iminyaka, sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokufa kwelupus.

Nangona sisisombululo esibi se-lupus, i-nephritis inokulawulwa ngonyango olululo kwaye, ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abantu abanesifo se-lupus babe nokubonisana rhoqo kunye neemvavanyo zokuvavanya ubukho beengxaki. Xa unganyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, i-lupus nephritis inokubangela ukusilela kwezintso.

Yazi iimpawu zelusus erythematosus kunye nendlela unyango olwenziwe ngayo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-lupus nephritis zingahluka kakhulu kumntu kumntu, nangona kunjalo, eziqhelekileyo zi:

• Igazi kumchamo;
• Ukuchama amagwebu;
• Ukudumba okugqithisileyo kwemilenze, iinyawo, ubuso okanye izandla;
• Iintlungu eziqhubekayo kumalungu kunye nezihlunu;
• Ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Umkhuhlane ngaphandle kwesizathu;

Xa une-lupus kwaye enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi mpawu zivela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukudibana nogqirha osinyanga esi sifo, ukuze enze iimvavanyo ezinje ngovavanyo lomchamo okanye uvavanyo lwegazi kwaye aqinisekise ubukho, okanye hayi, be-nephritis , Ukuqala unyango.

Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwezintso ukuqinisekisa isifo. Ukwenza oku, ugqirha usebenzisa i-anesthesia kwisiza kwaye, usebenzisa inaliti, ususa isiqwenga sezicubu kwizintso, esiya kuhlaziywa elebhu. I-biopsy ye-renal kufuneka yenziwe kuzo zonke izigulana ezine-lupus, kunye nakwabo banotshintsho kwiziphumo zovavanyo, ezinje nge-creatinine eyandileyo, ukunciphisa ukucocwa kwe-glomerular kunye nobukho beeproteni kunye negazi kumchamo.

I-renal ultrasound inesifundo sokuqala somfanekiso kuvavanyo lomguli ngokubonakaliswa kwesifo sezintso, kuba ivumela ukuchonga utshintsho olunje ngezithintelo kwaye ikwavumela ukuvavanya ukwakheka komzimba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-lupus nephritis luhlala luqala ngokusetyenziswa kwamayeza, amiselwe ngugqirha, ukunciphisa impendulo yomzimba kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba kwezintso. Amanye ala mayeza zii-corticosteroids, ezinje nge-prednisone kunye ne-immunosuppressants. Unyango oludibeneyo lusebenza ngakumbi kunolo kuphela apho kusetyenziswa ii-corticosteroids kuphela.

Ukongeza, kuxhomekeke kwiimpawu, kusengayimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-diuretics ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuphelisa i-toxins kunye nolwelo emzimbeni.

Kwezinye iimeko, kunokucetyiswa ukuba uqhagamshelane nesondlo sokutya ukuze utshintshe ukutya ukuze uququzelele umsebenzi wezintso kunye nokunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwe-lupus. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezivela kwisondlo sethu:

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho i-lupus ibangele ukulimala kwezintso ezininzi, ukusilela kwezintso kunokuqala ukubonakala kwaye, ngenxa yoko, unyango lunokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-hemodialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

Jonga ngakumbi malunga nokuba ukutya kufanele ukuba njani kwabo baneengxaki zezintso.

Ukwahlulahlula kunye neentlobo zelupus nephritis

I-Lupus nephritis inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziiklasi ezi-6. Kwiklasi I kunye no-II kukho utshintsho oluncinci kakhulu kwizintso, ezinokuthi zingabangeli zimpawu okanye zibangele iimpawu ezincinci, ezinjengomchamo wegazi okanye ubukho beeproteni kuvavanyo lomchamo.

Ukuqala kwiKlasi yesi-III, izilonda zichaphazela indawo enkulu ngakumbi ye-glomeruli, isiya isiba mandundu ngakumbi, ekhokelela ekwehleni kokusebenza kwezintso. Iklasi ye-lupus nephritis ihlala ichongwa emva kokwenza uvavanyo lokuqonda isifo, ukunceda ugqirha athathe isigqibo sokuba loluphi olona hlobo lonyango lonyango, kwimeko nganye. Ukongeza, ugqirha kufuneka aqwalasele ubudala bomntu kunye nemeko yonyango ngokubanzi.