Yintoni i-optic neuritis kunye nendlela yokuchonga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Zintoni izizathu
• Unyango lwe-optic neuritis

I-Optic neuritis, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-retrobulbar neuritis, kukudumba kwethambo le-optic elithintela ukuhanjiswa kolwazi ukusuka kweliso liye kwingqondo. Kungenxa yokuba le luvo luphulukana ne-myelin sheath, umaleko obeka imithambo-luvo kwaye unoxanduva lokuhambisa iimpembelelo zentsimbi.

Esi sifo sixhaphake kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 nengama-45, kwaye sibangela ukungabikho kombono ngokuyinxenye, okanye ngamanye amaxesha. Ihlala ichaphazela iliso elinye, nangona inokuchaphazela namehlo omabini, kwaye inokubangela nentlungu yamehlo kunye notshintsho ekuchongeni umbala okanye ukuqonda.

I-Optic neuritis ibonakala ikakhulu njengokubonakaliswa kwe-multiple sclerosis, kodwa inokubangelwa sisifo sobuchopho, ithumba okanye ukunxila zizinyithi ezinzima, ezinje ngelothe, umzekelo. Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwenzeka ngesiquphe emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa i-corticosteroids ukunceda ukukhawulezisa ukubuyela kwimeko ethile.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-optic neuritis zezi:

• Ukuphulukana nombono, okunokuba nokukhetha, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu kunokuba lilonke, kwaye linye okanye omabini amehlo;
• Iintlungu zamehlo, eziba mandundu xa uhambisa iliso;
• Ukuphulukana nesakhono sokwahlula imibala.

Ukulahleka kombono kuhlala okwethutyana, nangona kunjalo, i-sequelae isenokuhlala, njengobunzima bokuchonga imibala okanye ukungaboni kakuhle. Jonga ezinye iimpawu kunye neempawu zeengxaki zombono eziyimpawu zokulumkisa.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ukuchongwa kwe-optic neuritis kwenziwa ngugqirha wamehlo, onokwenza iimvavanyo ezivavanya umbono kunye nemeko yamehlo anje nge-campimetry ebonakalayo, amandla abonakalayo okhutshiweyo, iingqondo zabafundi okanye uvavanyo lwe-fundus, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, ukuvavanywa kwengqondo ye-MRI kunoku-odolwa, okunceda ukufumanisa utshintsho kwengqondo olufana nolo lubangelwe yi-multiple sclerosis okanye ithumba lobuchopho.

Zintoni izizathu

I-optic neuritis ihlala ivela ngenxa:

• Isifo sokugubhuka, esisifo esidala ukudumba kunye nelahleko ye-myelin sheath ye-neuron yengqondo. Jonga ukuba yintoni kunye nendlela yokuchonga isifo sokuqina kwemithambo;
• Usulelo lobuchopho, ezinjenge-meningitis okanye i-encephalitis yentsholongwane, ebangelwa ziintsholongwane ezinje ngenkuku okanye iherpes, okanye ukubandakanyeka kwesifo sephepha, umzekelo;
• Ithumba lobuchopho, enokucinezela i-optic nerve;
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo;
• Isifo samangcwaba, ebangela ukonakala kwamehlo abizwa ngokuba yi-Graves 'orbitopathy. Qonda indlela esivela ngayo kunye nendlela yokunyanga esi sifo;
• Ityhefu yeziyobisi, njengezinye i-antibiotics, okanye ngesinyithi esinzima, njenge-lead, arsenic okanye i-methanol, umzekelo.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezininzi, unobangela we-optic neuritis akafumaneki, kuthiwa yi-idiopathic optic neuritis.

Unyango lwe-optic neuritis

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-optic neuritis inokuxolelwa ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iimpawu kunye neempawu ziphucula ngaphandle kwesidingo sonyango oluthile.

Nangona kunjalo, kuhlala kubalulekile ukulandela ugqirha wamehlo kunye ne-neurologist, onokuthi avavanye isidingo sokusebenzisa amayeza, anje nge-corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukudumba kwemithambo-luvo, okanye ukwenza utyando ukuze unciphise imithambo-luvo ye-optic, enokuba yimfuneko kwiimeko zamathumba, umzekelo.

Nangona, kwezinye iimeko, ukubuyela umva kugqityiwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezinye i-sequelae zihlale, njengobunzima bokuhlukanisa imibala, utshintsho kumhlaba obonwayo, ubuntununtunu bokukhanya okanye ubunzima ekuvavanyeni imigama, umzekelo.