Uvavanyo lweGazi eNtsha lunokuxela kwangaphambili ngomhlaza webele

Umxholo

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Ukuba namathambo akho atyhutyha phakathi kweepleyiti zentsimbi asiyongcamango yakhe nabani na yokuzonwabisa, kodwa ukuxhatshazwa ngumhlaza wamabele kubi kakhulu, ukwenza i-mammograms-okwangoku yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona isifo esibulalayo-ububi obuyimfuneko. Kodwa oko akunakuba njalo ixesha elide. Izazinzulu ezivela kwiDyunivesithi yaseCopenhagen zisandula ukubhengeza ukuba zikwenzile kuvavanyo lwegazi oluya kuchaza ngokuchanekileyo amathuba okuba ufumane umhlaza webele kule minyaka mihlanu izayo.

Nangona babugcina ngokungathandabuzekiyo ubomi, ii-mammograms zinee-downsides ezimbini ezinkulu kwabasetyhini abaninzi, utshilo u-Elizabeth Chabner Thompson, MD, ugqirha we-oncologist owasungula i-Best Friends For Life, umbutho ozinikele ekuncedeni abasetyhini ukuba baphile kumhlaza wamabele, emva kokukhetha ukuba neprophylactic imastectomy ngokwakhe. Okokuqala, kukho ukungonwabi. Ukuthatha indawo yakho ephezulu kunye nokuvumela abantu ongabaziyo baphathe elinye lawona malungu akho abuthathaka kumatshini kunokuba buhlungu ngokwengqondo nangokwasemzimbeni kangangokuba abantu basetyhini banokuluphepha uvavanyo ngokupheleleyo. Okwesibini, kukho umba wokuchaneka. Umbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi uxela ukuba i-mammografi ichaneke malunga neepesenti ezingama-75 kuphela ekufumaneni umhlaza omtsha kwaye inezinga eliphezulu leempembelelo zobuxoki, ezinokubangela utyando olungeyomfuneko. (Kutheni uAngelina Jolie Pitt OlonaTyando luthintelo luTsha kwaba sisigqibo esifanelekileyo kuye.)

Ngokutsala igazi ngokulula nangaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-80, izazinzulu zithi olu vavanyo lutsha luya kusombulula le micimbi yomibini. Itekhnoloji isika-ngaphakathi-kuvavanyo lusebenza ngokwenza iprofayili yegazi yokuguqula umzimba emntwini, kuhlalutywa amawaka eekhompawundi ezahlukileyo ezifumaneka egazini labo kunokuba bajonge i-biomarker enye, indlela iimvavanyo ezikhoyo ngayo ngoku. Kulungile, uvavanyo lunokuvavanya umngcipheko ngaphambi kokuba ube nomhlaza. "Xa inani elikhulu lemilinganiselo efanelekileyo evela kubantu abaninzi isetyenziselwa ukuvavanya umngcipheko wezempilo-apha umhlaza wamabele-kudala ulwazi oluphezulu kakhulu, utshilo uRasmus Bro, PhD, unjingalwazi wechemometric kwiSebe lezeNzululwazi yokutya kwiYunivesithi yaseCopenhagen kunye nomnye wabaphandi abakhokelayo kwiprojekthi, kupapasho lweendaba. "Akukho nxalenye enye yepateni eneneni iyimfuneko okanye yanele. Yipatheni epheleleyo eqikelela umhlaza."

Abaphandi benze "ithala lencwadi" ngokusebenzisana noMbutho waseDenmark womhlaza ukulandela ngaphezulu kwama-57,000 abantu iminyaka engama-20. Bahlalutya iiprofayili zegazi labasetyhini abanomhlaza kunye nabangenawo umhlaza ukuba beze ne-algorithm yokuqala kwaye bavavanya kwiqela lesibini labasetyhini. Iziphumo zozibini ezi zifundo zomeleze ukuchaneka okuphezulu kovavanyo. Sekunjalo, u-Bro ulumkile ukuba aqaphele ukuba uphando oluninzi kufuneka lwenziwe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zabemi ngaphandle kwe-Danes." Le ndlela ingcono kune-mammography, enokusetyenziswa kuphela xa isifo sele senzeke. Ayigqibelelanga, kodwa ilungile Kuyamangalisa ngokwenene ukuba sinokuqikelela iminyaka yomhlaza wamabele kwixesha elizayo, utshilo uBro.

UThompson uthi ngelixa abafazi abaninzi besoyika iimvavanyo zokuxela kwangaphambili, ukwazi umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wamabele ngovavanyo lwemfuza, imbali yosapho, kunye nezinye iindlela yenye yezona zinto zixhobisayo onokuthi uzenze. "Sineendlela ezimangalisayo zokuhlola kunye nokuchonga umngcipheko, kwaye sinokukhetha kwezonyango kunye nonyango ukunciphisa umngcipheko," utshilo. "Ke nokuba ufumana iziphumo ezincumisayo kuvavanyo, ayisosigwebo sentambo." (Funda "Kutheni ndifumana uvavanyo lwe-Alzheimer.")

Ekugqibeleni, malunga nokunceda abafazi balawule impilo yabo, uThompson uthi. "Uvavanyo olutsha kunye nobuchule, ukukhetha izinto kuyaxhobisa." Kodwa ngelixa silindele olu vavanyo lutsha lwegazi ukuba lufumaneke esidlangalaleni, wongeza ukuba kuninzi onokukwenza ukuvavanya umngcipheko wakho womhlaza wamabele, akukho vavanyo lwezonyango olufunekayo. "Wonke umntu obhinqileyo kufuneka ayazi imbali yakhe! Fumanisa ukuba unaso isidanga sokuqala nesihlobo sakho esasinomhlaza wamabele okanye we-ovari ndisemncinci. Emva koko ubuze ngoomakazi bakho nabazala bakho." Ukwathi ukuba usengozini enkulu kufanelekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwemfuzo ye-BRCA kwaye uthethe nomcebisi wemfuzo. Okukhona unolwazi, kokukhona uya kukwazi ukuzikhathalela. (Funda malunga neempawu zomhlaza wamabele kwaye ngubani osemngciphekweni kwizinto ezi-6 ongazaziyo malunga noMhlaza webele.)

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