Oko kunyangwa yiOphthalmologist kunye nexesha lokubonisana

Umxholo

• Nini ukuya kugqirha wamehlo
• 1. Abantwana
• 2. Ulutsha
• 3. Abantu abadala
• 4. Abantu abadala

Ugqirha wamehlo, odume ngokuba ngugqirha wamehlo, ngugqirha ogxile ekuvavanyeni nasekunyangeni izifo ezinxulumene nombono, ezibandakanya amehlo kunye nokuncamathiselwa kwawo, njengombhobho weinyembezi kunye neenkophe. Ezinye zezifo ezinyangwa yile ngcali zii-myopia, i-astigmatism, i-hyperopia, i-strabismus, i-cataract okanye i-glaucoma, umzekelo.

Ugqirha wamehlo wenza uthethathethwano, olunokuba ngasese okanye nge-SUS, apho kwenziwa khona uvavanyo lwamehlo, iimvavanyo zombono, ukongeza ekubeni ukwazi ukukhokelwa ziimviwo, ukusetyenziswa kweiglasi kunye namayeza ukunyanga umbono, kwaye eyona nto kwenziwa utyelelo lonyaka ukuvavanya impilo yamehlo. Jonga indlela olwenziwa ngayo uvavanyo lwamehlo kunye nokuba loluphi uvavanyo olunokwenziwa.

Nini ukuya kugqirha wamehlo

Kufuneka kuqhakamshelwe ugqirha wamehlo xa kukho naluphi na utshintsho kubuchule bokubonwa okanye iimpawu emehlweni. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kweempawu, ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kuyimfuneko ekufumaneni kwangethuba kunye nonyango lotshintsho oluhlala lubonakala kumbono kubomi bonke.

1. Abantwana

Uvavanyo lokuqala lombono luvavanyo lwamehlo, olunokuthi lwenziwe ngugqirha wabantwana ukuba afumane izifo zakwangoko emntwaneni, ezinjengokubeleka kwamehlo, amathumba, i-glaucoma okanye i-strabismus, kwaye, ukuba utshintsho lufunyenwe, kufuneka uqalise ukubeka iliso kwamehlo .

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba akukho lutshintsho kuvavanyo lwamehlo, utyelelo lokuqala kugqirha wamehlo kufuneka lwenziwe phakathi kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemine ubudala, xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kuhlolwe ngcono kwaye umntwana angabonakalisa ngcono ubunzima bokubonwa.

Ukusukela ngoko ukuya phambili, nokuba akukho lutshintsho kuvavanyo lwamehlo olufunyenweyo, ukubonisana kunokwenziwa ngamakhefu e-1 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2, ukubeka esweni ukukhula komntwana, kunye nokubonakala kweenguqu ezinje nge-myopia, astigmatism kunye ne-hyperopia, umzekelo. , ezinokuthintela ukufunda nokusebenza esikolweni.

2. Ulutsha

Kule nqanaba, inkqubo ebonakalayo ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iinguqu ezinje nge-myopia kunye ne-keratoconus zinokuvela, yiyo loo nto kufuneka iimviwo zemiboniso rhoqo, kube kanye ngonyaka, okanye nanini na xa kukho utshintsho olubonakalayo okanye ubunzima ekufikeleleni kwiiklasi esikolweni, ngenxa iimpawu ezinjengobunzima bamehlo, ukungaboni kakuhle, iintloko.

Ukongeza, ngeli xesha kuqhelekile ukusebenzisa i-makeup kunye neelensi zonxibelelwano, ezinokubangela ukungezwani kwamehlo, okanye ukunxibelelana neearhente ezosulelayo, ezinokubangela ukudumba kunye nokuthambisa.

Kuqhelekile ukuba ulutsha lubhenceke kwimitha ye-UV evela elangeni, ngaphandle kokhuselo oluchanekileyo ngezibuko zelanga ezisemgangathweni, nakwikhompyuter nakwithebhulethi, enokuba yingozi kumbono. Fumanisa ukuba yeyiphi na ingxaki yokubona ikhompyuter kunye nento onokuyenza ukuyiphepha.

3. Abantu abadala

Ukusukela kwiminyaka engama-20 ukubheka phambili, izifo ezibeka esichengeni i-retina zingaqala ukubonakala, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yeengxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi okanye zokonakala, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imikhwa emibi, njengokutshaya nokunyanga ngokungaqhelekanga izifo ezifana neswekile noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ke, ukuba iimpawu ezinje ngombono ongacacanga, ukulahleka kombono ophakathi okanye owenziwe kwindawo ethile, okanye ubunzima ekuboneni ebusuku ziyavela, kubalulekile ukufuna uncedo kugqirha wamehlo kuvavanyo oluthile.

Ebudaleni kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze utyando lobugcisa okanye lokuphikisa, njenge-LASIK okanye i-PRK, enceda ukulungisa utshintsho olubonakalayo kunye nokunciphisa isidingo seglasi.

Ukongeza, emva kweminyaka engama-40, kubalulekile ukugcina utyelelo lwamehlo minyaka le, kuba ngeli xesha ezinye iinguqu zinokuvela ngenxa yokwaluphala, njenge-presbyopia, eyaziwa ngokuba ngamehlo adiniweyo kunye ne-glaucoma. Jonga umngcipheko wokuphuhliswa kweglaucoma kunye nendlela yokuchonga kungekudala.

4. Abantu abadala

Emva kweminyaka engama-50, kwaye ngakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-60, kunokwenzeka ukuba ubunzima ekuboneni bunokubanzima kwaye notshintsho olwenzekayo emehlweni lungavela, njenge-cataract kunye ne-macular degeneration, ekufuneka inyangwe ngokuchanekileyo ukunqanda ubumfama. Fumanisa ukuba yintoni ukonakala kwe-macular edala kunye nendlela yokuzikhusela.

Ke, kubalulekile ukugcina ukubonisana ngonyaka kunye nogqirha wamehlo, ukuze ezi zifo zifumaneke ngokukhawuleza, ukuvumela unyango olusebenzayo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba umbono ulungiswe kakuhle kubantu abadala, njengoko utshintsho, nokuba lincinci, lunokukhokelela kwimvakalelo yokungalingani kunye nomngcipheko wokuwa.