Yintoni i-Oral Fixation?

Umxholo

• Inkcazo yokulungiswa komlomo
• Ukulungiswa komlomo kukhula njani
• Imizekelo yokulungiswa komlomo kubantu abadala
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala
• Ukutshaya imidiza
• Ukutya kakhulu
• IPica
• Ukuluma kwezipikili
• Ngaba ukulungiswa komlomo kungasombululwa?
• Amanqanaba okuphuhla kwengqondo kaFreud
• Inqanaba lomlomo (ukuzalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18)
• Inqanaba le-anal (iinyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3)
• Inqanaba lesini (iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ubudala)
• Ixesha lokugqibela (iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala)
• Inqanaba lesini (12 ukuya ebudaleni)
• Yise kude

Inkcazo yokulungiswa komlomo

Ekuqaleni kwee-1900, ugqirha wezengqondo uSigmund Freud wazisa ithiyori yophuhliso lobufanasini. Ukholelwe ukuba abantwana bafumana amanqanaba amahlanu okuziphatha ngokwesini anquma indlela yokuziphatha kwabo njengabantu abadala.

Ngokwethiyori, umntwana uvuswa yimvakalelo zizinto ezithile kwinqanaba ngalinye. Ezi zinto zikhuthazayo kuthiwa ziyanelisa iimfuno zophuhliso.

Kodwa ukuba iimfuno zomntwana azifezekiswa ngexesha elithile, banokuphuhlisa ukulungiswa okanye "ukuxhoma" okunxulumene nesigaba. Ebudaleni, ezi mfuno zingasonjululwanga zinokubonakaliswa njengeendlela zokuziphatha ezimbi.

Ukuba ukuxhoma kwenzeka ngexesha lomlomo, kubizwa ngokuba kukulungiswa komlomo. Inqanaba lomlomo kuxa umntwana evuswe kakhulu kukuvuselelwa ngomlomo. UFrud uthe ukulungiswa komlomo kubangela ukungaziphathi kakuhle ngomlomo ebudaleni.

Nangona kunjalo, azikho izifundo zamva nje ngalo mbandela. Uninzi lophando olukhoyo ludala kakhulu. Ithiyori yophuhliso lobufanasini ikwangumxholo ophikisanayo kwisayikholoji yanamhlanje.

Ukulungiswa komlomo kukhula njani

Kwithiyori yengqondo, ukulungiswa komlomo kubangelwa ziingxabano kwinqanaba lomlomo. Eli linqanaba lokuqala lokukhula kwengqondo kwabasetyhini.

Isigaba somlomo sivela phakathi kokuzalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18. Ngeli xesha, usana lufumana uninzi lokonwaba ngomlomo walo. Oku kunxulunyaniswa nokuziphatha njengokutya kunye nokuncancisa ubhontsi.

UFrud ukholelwa ukuba usana lunokuphuhlisa ukulungiswa komlomo ukuba iimfuno zabo zomlomo azifezekiswa. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba baluswe ngokukhawuleza okanye emva kwexesha. Kule meko, abakwazi ukulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo imikhwa emitsha yokutya.

Ukulungiswa komlomo kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba usana:

• ukungahoywa kunye nokungaphathwa kakuhle (ukungabikho kokuvuselela ngomlomo)
• ukuzikhusela ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokugqithisa (ukukhuthaza okugqithisileyo ngomlomo)

Ngenxa yoko, ezi mfuno zingafezekiswanga zikholelwa ekuchongeni ubuntu kunye notyekelo lokuziphatha ebudaleni.

Imizekelo yokulungiswa komlomo kubantu abadala

Kwithiyori yengqondo, imiba yophuhliso ngexesha lokuthetha ingakhokelela kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala

Ingcamango kaFreud ithi utywala yindlela yokulungisa ngomlomo. Kucingelwa ukuba oku kunxulumene nokunxibelelana phakathi kokungahoywa kwabantwana kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala.

Ngokukodwa, ukuba umntwana akahoywanga ngexesha lokuthetha, banokuphuhlisa isidingo sokukhuthaza umlomo rhoqo. Oku kunokwandisa utyekelo lwabo lokusela rhoqo, nto leyo enegalelo ekusetyenzisweni gwenxa kotywala.

Ukutshaya imidiza

Ngokufanayo, kuthiwa abantu abadala abanolungiso lomlomo kunokwenzeka ukuba batshaye iisigarethi. Isenzo sokuhambisa icuba emlonyeni sinika ukhuthazo lomlomo oluyimfuneko.

Kucingelwa ukuba i-e-cigarettes yanelisa isidingo esifanayo. Kwabanye abatshayayo, xa besebenzisa i-e-cigarette kufanelekile ukuba banelise ukulungiswa kwabo ngomlomo ngendlela efanayo.

Ukutya kakhulu

Kwithiyori yengqondo, ukutya kakhulu kukubonwa njengokulungiswa komlomo. Inxulunyaniswa nokuba ungaphantsi okanye ungondliwanga kwasekuqaleni ebomini, okukhokelela kwimpixano yeemvakalelo ngexesha lesigaba somlomo.

Oku kucingelwa ukuba kudala iimfuno zomlomo ezigqithileyo ebudaleni, ezinokuthi zifezekiswe ngokutya kakhulu.

IPica

I-Pica kukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo. Inokukhula njengengxaki yokutya, umkhwa, okanye impendulo yoxinzelelo. Uluvo lokuba ipica inokunxulunyaniswa nokulungiswa komlomo isekwe kwithiyori kaFreudian.

Kule meko, iimfuno zomlomo ezigqithileyo ziyaneliswa ngokutya izinto ezingezizo zokutya. Oku kunokubandakanya izinto ezinje:

• umkhenkce
• ubumdaka
• ingqolowa
• isepha
• itshokhwe
• iphepha

Ukuluma kwezipikili

Ngokwe-psychology kaFreudian, ukubethelwa kwezikhonkwane kukwayindlela yokulungisa ngomlomo. Isenzo sokuluma iinzipho zomntu sizalisekisa isidingo sokuvuselela ngomlomo.

Ngaba ukulungiswa komlomo kungasombululwa?

Ukulungiswa komlomo kunokunyangwa. Ngokubanzi, unyango lubandakanya ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka isimilo esibi. Inokubandakanya ukutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha okungalunganga ngendlela elungileyo.

Unyango yeyona nto iphambili kunyango. Ingcali yezempilo yengqondo iya kukunceda uphonononge ukungqubana okungokweemvakalelo, kunye neendlela zokulwa ezisempilweni.

Umzekelo, ukuba uluma iinzipho zakho, ingcali yezempilo yengqondo inokujolisa kulawulo lweemvakalelo ezibangela ukulunywa ziinzipho. Banokucebisa ngetshungama ukugcina umlomo wakho uhlala.

Amanye amacandelo onyango axhomekeke ekuziphatheni nakwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. I-Pica, umzekelo, inokufuna ungenelelo lwesondlo ukulungisa ukusilela kweevithamini kunye nezamaminerali ezinokubakho.

Amanqanaba okuphuhla kwengqondo kaFreud

Kwithiyori yengqondo kaFreud, kukho amanqanaba amahlanu ophuhliso:

Inqanaba lomlomo (ukuzalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18)

Ngexesha lesigaba somlomo, umntwana ukhuthazwa kakhulu ngumlomo. Banokuphuhlisa isimilo esingathandekiyo ebudaleni ukuba ezi mfuno azifezekiswa.

Inqanaba le-anal (iinyanga ezili-18 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3)

Ukonwaba komntwana kuvela kukulawula ilindle labo. Ukuba uqeqesho lwe potty lungqongqo okanye luyekelele, banokuba nemicimbi yokulawula kunye nokulungelelanisa ebudaleni.

Inqanaba lesini (iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ubudala)

Kwinqanaba lesini, kugxilwe kulonwabo kumalungu esini.

Ngokuka-Freud, kulapho umntwana atsaleleka ngesondo kumzali wesini esahlukileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-Oedipus complex kumakhwenkwe kunye ne-Electra complex kumantombazana.

Ixesha lokugqibela (iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala)

Ixesha lokugqibela kuxa umdla womntwana wesini esahlukileyo "ulele". Umntwana unomdla ngakumbi ekunxibelelaneni nabantwana besini esifanayo.

Inqanaba lesini (12 ukuya ebudaleni)

Oku kuphawula ukuqala kokufikisa. UFrud uthe abakwishumi elivisayo bakhuthazwa kakhulu ngamalungu esini kunye nabantu besini esahlukileyo.

Yise kude

Kwingqondo ye-Freudian, ukulungiswa komlomo kubangelwa ziimfuno zomlomo ezingafezekiswanga ebuntwaneni bokuqala. Oku kudala isidingo esiqhubekayo sokuvuselelwa ngomlomo, kubangela isimilo esingathandekiyo somlomo (njengokutshaya nokuluma iinzipho) ebudaleni.

Nangona le ithiyori yaziwa kakuhle, ifumene ukugxekwa ngoochwephesha bezengqondo bale mihla. Akukho lunye uphando lwamva nje kulungiso lomlomo.

Kodwa ukuba ucinga ukuba unolungiso lomlomo, jonga ugqirha wezempilo yengqondo. Banokukunceda ulawule imikhwa yakho yomlomo.