Ngawaphi amayeza omlomo afumanekayo kwiPsoriasis?

Umxholo

• I-Psoriasis kunye namayeza omlomo
• Inketho # 1: Acitretin
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-acitretin
• Ukukhulelwa kunye neacitretin
• Inketho # 2: ICyclosporine
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-cyclosporine
• Eminye imingcipheko yecyclosporine
• Inketho # 3: Methotrexate
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-methotrexate
• Eminye imingcipheko ye-methotrexate
• Inketho # 4: I-Apremilast
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-apremilast
• Eminye imingcipheko yeapremilast
• Iphathwa njani enye i-psoriasis?
• Ibhayoloji
• Unyango olukhanyayo
• Unyango lwezihloko
• Umgca wezantsi

Iimbalasane

1. Nokuba kunyango, i-psoriasis ayinakuze ihambe ngokupheleleyo.
2. Unyango lwe-Psoriasis lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye nokunceda esi sifo singene kuxolelo.
3. Amayeza omlomo anokuba yinto elungileyo ukuba i-psoriasis yakho ibukhali kakhulu okanye ayiphenduli kolunye unyango.

I-Psoriasis kunye namayeza omlomo

I-Psoriasis sisifo esixhaphakileyo sokuzimela komzimba esibangela ubomvu, ukurhangqa, kunye neendawo ezinesikhumba esitshisayo. Amachaphaza ahlala egutyungelwe esikalini esimhlophe esimhlophe esibizwa ngokuba ngamacwecwe. Kwezinye iimeko, ulusu oluchaphazelekayo luya kutyhoboza, luphume, okanye luphume. Uninzi lwabantu luziva luvutha, iintlungu, kunye nokuthantamisa kulusu oluchaphazelekayo.

I-Psoriasis yimeko engapheliyo. Nokuba kunyango, i-psoriasis ayinakuze ihambe ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, unyango lujolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu nokunceda isifo singene ekuxolelweni. Ukuxolelwa lixesha lokungabikho kwesifo. Oku kuthetha ukuba zimbalwa iimpawu.

Kukho uluhlu lonyango olufumanekayo kwi-psoriasis, kubandakanya amayeza omlomo. Amachiza omlomo luhlobo lonyango olucwangcisiweyo, oko kuthetha ukuba zichaphazela umzimba wakho uphela. La machiza anokuba namandla kakhulu, ke oogqirha ngokwesiqhelo bababhalela kuphela ukhwekhwe oluqatha. Kwiimeko ezininzi, la mayeza agcinelwe abantu abangakhange babe nempumelelo enkulu kunye nolunye unyango lwepsoriasis. Ngelishwa, banokubangela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemicimbi.

Funda ukuze ufunde kabanzi malunga neyeza eliqhelekileyo lomlomo kunye nemiphumo emibi kunye nobungozi.

Inketho # 1: Acitretin

I-Acitretin (i-Soriatane) yindawo yokubuyisa ngomlomo. I-Retinoids luhlobo lwevithamini A. I-Acitretin kuphela kwe-retinoid yomlomo esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-psoriasis kubantu abadala. Ingabangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, ugqirha wakho unokumisela la mayeza okwexeshana. Xa i-psoriasis yakho ingena kuxolelo, ugqirha wakho unokukucebisa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha eli chiza de ube nokunye ukuphakama.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-acitretin

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ze-acitretin ziquka:

• ulusu kunye nemilebe exhontiweyo
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• umlomo owomileyo
• iingcinga ezigwenxa
• utshintsho kwiimvakalelo zakho nakwindlela oziphatha ngayo
• ukudakumba
• intloko ebuhlungu
• intlungu emva kwamehlo akho
• intlungu edibeneyo
• ukulimala kwesibindi

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokubakho. Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana oku kulandelayo:

• utshintsho kumbono okanye ukulahleka kombono ebusuku
• iintloko ezimbi
• isicaphucaphu
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukudumba
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ubuthathaka
• unengxaki yokuthetha
• ubumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo akho

Ukukhulelwa kunye neacitretin

Qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngezicwangciso zakho zokuzala kunye nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuthatha i-acitretin. Eli chiza linokubangela iingxaki ngeendlela ezithile zolawulo lokuzalwa. Akufanele uthathe i-acitretin ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukukhulelwa. Emva kokumisa i-acitretin, akufuneki ukuba ukhulelwe kule minyaka mithathu izayo.

Ukuba ungumfazi onokukhulelwa, akufuneki usele utywala ngelixa uthatha eli yeza kwaye kangangeenyanga ezimbini emva kokuba uyekile ukuselwa. Ukudibanisa i-acitretin kunye namagqabi otywala ngasemva kwento eyingozi emzimbeni wakho. Le nto inokulimaza ixesha lokukhulelwa. Esi siphumo sihlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emithathu emva kokugqiba unyango.

Inketho # 2: ICyclosporine

I-Cyclosporine yintsholongwane. Iyafumaneka njengamayeza egama lebrendi iNeoral, Gengraf, kunye neSandimmune. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-psoriasis eqatha ukuba olunye unyango alusebenzi.

ICyclosporine isebenza ngokuzola amajoni omzimba. Ithintela okanye imise ukujongana nomoya emzimbeni okubangela iimpawu ze-psoriasis. Eli chiza lomelele kwaye linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-cyclosporine

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-cyclosporine zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• ifiva
• isisu esibuhlungu
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• ukukhula kweenwele okungafunekiyo
• urhudo
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• isantya sentliziyo esicothayo okanye esikhawulezayo
• utshintsho kumchamo
• umqolo obuhlungu
• ukudumba kwezandla neenyawo zakho
• ukugruzuka okanye ukopha okungaqhelekanga
• ukudinwa kakhulu
• ubuthathaka obugqithisileyo
• ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi
• izandla ezingcangcazelisayo (ukungcangcazela)

Eminye imingcipheko yecyclosporine

ICyclosporine inokubangela ezinye iingxaki ngokunjalo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi. Ezinye iinguqulelo ze-cyclosporine azinakusetyenziswa ngaxeshanye okanye emva kwezinye iindlela zonyango lwe-psoriasis. Xelela ugqirha wakho ngalo lonke ichiza okanye unyango owakha waluthatha kwaye uluthatha ngoku. Oku kubandakanya amayeza ukunyanga i-psoriasis, kunye nonyango kwezinye iimeko. Ukuba unengxaki yokukhumbula ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ozithathileyo, ezenziwa ngabantu abaninzi, buza usokhemesti wakho uluhlu lolo nyango.
• Ukonakala kwezintso. Ugqirha wakho uya kujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphambi nangexesha lonyango lwakho neli chiza. Kuya kufuneka uphinde ube novavanyo lomchamo rhoqo. Kungenxa yokuba ugqirha wakho angakhangela umonakalo wezintso. Ugqirha wakho unokumisa kancinci okanye ayeke unyango lwakho nge-cyclosporine ukukhusela izintso zakho.
• Usulelo. ICyclosporine inyusa umngcipheko wosulelo. Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuba phakathi kwabantu abagulayo ukuze ungazicholi iintsholongwane zabo. Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo. Ukuba unempawu zosulelo, biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
• Iingxaki zenkqubo. Eli chiza linokubangela iingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Tshela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu:
  • utshintsho ngengqondo
  • ubuthathaka bemisipha
  • utshintsho lombono
  • isiyezi
  • ukulahleka kwengqondo
  • ukuxhuzula
  • ubumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo akho
  • igazi kumchamo wakho

Inketho # 3: Methotrexate

IMethotrexate (Trexall) yeyeklasi yeziyobisi ebizwa ngokuba zii-antimetabolites. Eli chiza linikwa abantu abane-psoriasis eqatha abangakhange babe nempumelelo enkulu kwezinye iindlela zonyango. Inokucothisa ukukhula kweeseli zolusu kunye nokuyeka izikali ekubeni zenziwe.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-methotrexate

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-methotrexate zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• Ukugodola
• ifiva
• isicaphucaphu
• isisu esibuhlungu
• isiyezi
• ukulahleka kweenwele
• umbala obomvu
• intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintsini zethenda
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• usulelo

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa nge-folic acid (ivithamin B) isongezo ukunceda ukukhusela kwezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, eli yeza linokubangela iziphumo ezibi, ezisongela ubomi. Umngcipheko wokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyuka ngeedosi eziphezulu zamayeza. Biza ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumana oku kulandelayo:

• ukopha okungaqhelekanga
• ubumthubi besikhumba sakho okanye abamhlophe bamehlo akho
• umchamo omnyama-mnyama okanye igazi kumchamo wakho
• ukukhwehlela owomileyo ongavelisi phlegm
• Ukuphikisa, okungabandakanya ingxaki yokuphefumla, irhashalala, okanye umngxunya

Eminye imingcipheko ye-methotrexate

I-Methotrexate inokubangela ezinye iingxaki ngokunjalo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi. Akufanele udibanise eli chiza kunye nezinye iziyobisi ngenxa yomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi. Oku kunokubandakanya iziyobisi ezichasayo ezikhoyo kwikhawuntara. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nolunye unxibelelwano olunzulu olunokwenzeka ukuba uthatha amayeza athile.
• Umonakalo wesibindi. Ukuba eli chiza lithathwa ixesha elide, linokubangela ukonakala kwesibindi. Akufanele uthathe i-methotrexate ukuba unobungozi besibindi okanye imbali yokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala okanye isifo sesibindi esinxilisayo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-biopsy yesibindi ukujonga umonakalo wesibindi.
• Iziphumo zesifo sezintso. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe eli chiza ukuba unesifo sezintso. Unokufuna idosi eyahlukileyo.
• Ingozi yokukhulelwa. Abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abancancisayo, okanye abaceba ukukhulelwa akufuneki basebenzise eli chiza. Amadoda akufuneki akhulelise umfazi ngexesha lonyango kwaye kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuyeka eli chiza. Amadoda kufuneka asebenzise iikhondom ngalo lonke eli xesha.

Inketho # 4: I-Apremilast

Ngo-2014, i-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yavuma i-apremilast (i-Otezla) ukunyanga i-psoriasis kunye ne-psoriatic arthritis kubantu abadala. I-Apremilast icingelwa ukuba isebenze ngaphakathi kwamajoni akho omzimba kunye nokunciphisa impendulo yomzimba wakho kukudumba.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-apremilast

Ngokuka-FDA, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo kubantu abanamava ngexesha lovavanyo lweklinikhi zibandakanya:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• isicaphucaphu
• urhudo
• ukugabha
• Iimpawu ezibandayo, ezinjengeempumlo ezibalekayo
• isisu esibuhlungu

Abantu ababethatha eli chiza babika uxinzelelo rhoqo rhoqo kuvavanyo lweklinikhi kunabantu abathatha indawo ye-placebo.

Eminye imingcipheko yeapremilast

Ezinye izinto ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweapremilast zibandakanya:

• Ukuhla ukusinda. I-Apremilast inokubangela nokwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga. Ugqirha wakho kufuneka abeke esweni ubunzima bakho bokulahleka kobunzima obungachazwanga ngexesha lonyango.
• Iziphumo zesifo sezintso. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe eli chiza ukuba unesifo sezintso. Unokufuna idosi eyahlukileyo.
• Ukusebenzisana kweziyobisi. Akufanele udibanise i-apremilast kunye nezinye iziyobisi, kuba zenza i-apremilast ingasebenzi kakuhle. Imizekelo yala machiza ibandakanya ukuthatha amayeza e-carbamazepine, phenytoin, kunye ne-phenobarbital. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngamanye amayeza owathathayo ngaphambi kokuba uqale i-apremilast.

Iphathwa njani enye i-psoriasis?

Unyango lwenkqubo lukwabandakanya iziyobisi ezichongiweyo. Njengamachiza omlomo, iziyobisi ezifakiweyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-biologics zisebenza kuwo wonke umzimba wakho ukucothisa inkqubela phambili yesifo. Olunye unyango lubandakanya unyango olulula kunye namayeza asemxholweni.

Ibhayoloji

Amanye amayeza atofelweyo atshintsha amajoni omzimba. Ezi ziyaziwa ngokuba yi-biologics. I-Biologics yamkelwe ukunyanga i-psoriasis ephakathi. Zisetyenziswa ngokwesiqhelo xa umzimba wakho ungaphendulanga kunyango lwesintu okanye kubantu abafumana isifo samathambo.

Imizekelo ye-biologics esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-psoriasis ibandakanya:

• I-etanercept (i-Enbrel)
• infliximab (I-Remicade)
• adalimumab (Humira)
• ustekinumab (uStelara)

Unyango olukhanyayo

Olu nyango lubandakanya ukubonakaliswa okulawulwayo kwindalo okanye ukukhanya kokukhanya kwelanga. Oku kunokwenziwa wedwa okanye ngokudibeneyo namanye amayeza.

Unyango olunokubakho lubandakanya:

• Unyango lwe-UVB
• Unyango lwe-UVB oluncinci
• I-psoralen kunye ne-ultraviolet A (PUVA) unyango
• unyango lwe-laser

Unyango lwezihloko

Amayeza ezonyango asetyenziswa ngqo kulusu lwakho. Olu nyango ngokubanzi lusebenza kakuhle kwi-psoriasis ethambileyo ukuya kumodareyitha. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, unyango lwengqungquthela lunokudibaniswa kunye neyeza zonyango okanye unyango olulula.

Unyango oluqhelekileyo lwezihloko lubandakanya:

• izinto zokuthambisa
• i-salicylic acid
• itha yamalahle
• Amafutha e-corticosteroid
• iivithamini D analogue
• Ii-retinoids
• i-anthralin (iDritho-Scalp)
• i-calcineurin inhibitors, ezinjenge tacrolimus (Prograf) kunye ne pimecrolimus (Elidel)

Umgca wezantsi

Ukuba unayo i-psoriasis, xoxa ngonyango lwakho kunye nonyango. Njengokuba isifo siqhubeka, kungafuneka utshintshe unyango lwakho. Unokufuna unyango olomeleleyo ukuba i-psoriasis iya isiba qatha okanye ayiphenduli kunyango. Kule meko, amayeza omlomo anokuba yinto elungileyo.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba la mayeza anokukuchaphazela njani. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana unyango olunceda ukukhulula iimpawu zakho ze-psoriasis ngaphandle kokubangela iziphumo ezingathandekiyo.