IPap Smear (Uvavanyo lwePap): Yintoni Ongayilindela

Umxholo

• Ngubani ofuna iPap smear?
• Ufuna kangaphi iPap smear?
• Uyilungiselela njani i-Pap smear
• Q:
• A:
• Kwenzeka ntoni nge-Pap smear?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zePap smear?
• I-smear yesiqhelo yePap
• Ukungaqhelekanga kwePap smear
• Zichane kangakanani iziphumo?
• Ngaba uvavanyo lwePap smear lwe-HPV?

Ushwankathelo

I-Pap smear, ekwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwePap, yinkqubo yokuvavanya umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ivavanya ubukho beeseli ezinomhlaza okanye zomhlaza kumlomo wesibeleko sakho. Umlomo wesibeleko kukuvulwa kwesibeleko.

Ngexesha lenkqubo yesiqhelo, iiseli ezisuka kumlomo wesibeleko zikhutshiwe ngobunono kwaye zivavanyelwe ukukhula okungaqhelekanga. Inkqubo yenziwa kwiofisi kagqirha wakho. Kungangonwabisi kakuhle, kodwa akusoloko kubangela nayiphi na intlungu yexesha elide.

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokuba ngubani ofuna iPap smear, yintoni onokuyilindela ngexesha lenkqubo, kufuneka ube kuvavanyo lwePap smear kangaphi, kunye nokunye.

Ngubani ofuna iPap smear?

Okwangoku bacebisa ukuba abasetyhini bafumane i-Pap smear rhoqo rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu ukuqala kwiminyaka eyi-21. Abanye abantu basetyhini banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu womhlaza okanye wosulelo. Unokufuna uvavanyo rhoqo ukuba:

• une-HIV
• Unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka avela kwikhemotherapy okanye ukufakelwa komzimba

Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kwaye awuzange ube novavanyo lwePap olungaqhelekanga, buza ugqirha wakho malunga nokuba ube neminyaka emihlanu ukuba uvavanyo ludityanisiwe nokuvavanywa kwepapillomavirus yabantu (HPV).

I-HPV yintsholongwane ebangela iintsumpa kwaye yonyusa amathuba omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Iindidi ze-HPV 16 no-18 zezona zinto zibangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ukuba unayo i-HPV, unokuba semngciphekweni owandayo wokuba nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Abasetyhini abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 abanembali yeziphumo eziqhelekileyo zePap smear banakho ukuyeka ukuvavanywa kwixesha elizayo.

Kuya kufuneka ufumane ii-smears eziqhelekileyo zePap ngokusekwe kubudala bakho, nokuba ukwintoni na ubume bakho ngokwesondo. Kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane ye-HPV inokuhlala iminyaka kwaye ngequbuliso isebenze.

Ufuna kangaphi iPap smear?

Kukangaphi ufuna iPap smear igqitywe zizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ubudala bakho kunye nomngcipheko.

Ubudala	Ukuhamba rhoqo kwepap smear
<Iminyaka engama-21,	akukho mfuneko
21-29	qho emva kweminyaka emi-3
30-65	qho kwiminyaka emi-3 okanye uvavanyo lwe-HPV rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5 okanye uvavanyo lwePap kunye novavanyo lwe-HPV kunye rhoqo kwiminyaka emihlanu
65 nangaphezulu	awusayi kuphinda ufune iimvavanyo zePap smear; thetha nogqirha wakho ukufumanisa iimfuno zakho

Ezi ngcebiso zisebenza kuphela kwabasetyhini abanomlomo wesibeleko. Abasetyhini abaye banesibeleko kunye nokususwa komlomo wesibeleko kwaye akukho mbali yomhlaza wesibeleko ayifuni ukuhlolwa.

Iingcebiso ziyahluka kwaye kufuneka zenzelwe umntu ngamnye kwabasetyhini abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka okanye imbali yezilonda ezingaphambuki, okanye ezinomhlaza.

Uyilungiselela njani i-Pap smear

Q:

Ndingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-21 kwaye ndiyintombi enyulu. Ngaba ndiyayidinga iPap smear ukuba andizibandakanyi ngesondo?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Uninzi lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko lubangelwa kukosulelwa yintsholongwane ye-HPV, edluliselwa ngesondo. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke i-cancer zomlomo wesibeleko ezivela kwizifo zentsholongwane.

Ngesi sizathu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba bonke abantu basetyhini baqale ukuhlolwa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngePap smear qho kwiminyaka emithathu ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-21.

UMichael Weber, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele uluvo lweengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.

Unokwenza ishedyuli yePap smear kunye noviwo lwakho lonyaka lwabasetyhini okanye ucele ukuqeshwa okwahlukileyo kugqirha wakho wezifo zabasetyhini. Iipap smears zigutyungelwe zizicwangciso ezininzi zeinshurensi, nangona kungafuneka uhlawule ngokuhlawula kunye.

Ukuba uza kuba sexesheni ngomhla wePap smear yakho, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukumisela uvavanyo ngokutsha, kuba iziphumo zinokungachaneki kangako.

Zama ukunqanda ukuba neentlobano zesini, douching, okanye ukusebenzisa iimveliso zokubulala amadlozi kusuku olungaphambi kovavanyo lwakho kuba zinokuphazamisa iziphumo zakho.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kukhuselekile ukwenza iPap smear kwiiveki ezingama-24 zokuqala zokukhulelwa. Emva koko, uvavanyo lunokuba buhlungu ngakumbi. Kuya kufuneka ulinde kude kube ziiveki ezili-12 emva kokubeleka ukonyusa ukuchaneka kweziphumo zakho.

Kuba iPap smears ihamba kakuhle xa umzimba wakho ukhululekile, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uzolile kwaye uphefumle nzulu ngexesha lenkqubo.

Kwenzeka ntoni nge-Pap smear?

Iipap smears zinokungonwabi, kodwa uvavanyo luyakhawuleza kakhulu.

Ngexesha lenkqubo, uya kulala ngomqolo kwitafile yoviwo unabe imilenze kwaye iinyawo zakho ziphumle kwizixhasi ekuthiwa ziirushs.

Ugqirha wakho uya kufaka kancinci isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-speculum kwilungu lakho lobufazi. Esi sixhobo sigcina iindonga zangasese zivulekile kwaye sinika ukufikelela kumlomo wesibeleko.

Ugqirha wakho uyakukrwela isampulu encinci yeeseli zomlomo wesibeleko sakho. Kukho iindlela ezimbalwa ugqirha wakho anokuthatha le sampuli:

• Abanye basebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-spatula.
• Abanye basebenzisa i-spatula kunye nebrashi.
• Abanye basebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-cytobrush, esidibanisa i-spatula kunye nebrashi.

Uninzi lwabasetyhini liziva lutyhala kancinci kunye nokucaphuka ngexesha lokukhuhla okufutshane.

Isampulu yeeseli ezivela kumlomo wesibeleko sakho ziya kugcinwa zize zithunyelwe elebhu ukuvavanyelwa ubukho beeseli ezingaqhelekanga.

Emva kovavanyo, unokuziva ungonwabanga phakathi kokukhuhla okanye ukubetha kancinci. Unokuba namava okuphuma kwegazi kwilungu lobufazi ngokukhawuleza emva kovavanyo. Tshela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukuphuma kwegazi kuyaqhubeka emva komhla wovavanyo.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo zePap smear?

Zimbini iziphumo ezinokubakho ezivela kwi-Pap smear: yesiqhelo okanye engaqhelekanga.

I-smear yesiqhelo yePap

Ukuba iziphumo zakho ziqhelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezichongiweyo. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha kukwabhekiswa njengezibi. Ukuba iziphumo zakho ziqhelekile, ngekhe ufune iPap smear eminye iminyaka emithathu.

Ukungaqhelekanga kwePap smear

Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo aziqhelekanga, oku akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza. Kuthetha nje ukuba kukho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga kumlomo wesibeleko sakho, ezinye zazo ezinokubakho kwangaphambili. Kukho amanqanaba aliqela eeseli ezingaqhelekanga:

• I-atypia
• ithambile
• ngcathu
• dysplasia kakhulu
• i-carcinoma in situ

Iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezixhaphakileyo zixhaphake ngakumbi kunokungaqhelekanga okumandundu.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zovavanyo, ugqirha unokucebisa:

• ukwandisa ukuphindaphinda kwe-Pap smears yakho
• · ukujonga ngakumbi izicubu zakho zomlomo wesibeleko ngenkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-colposcopy

Ngexesha lokuvavanywa kwecolposcopy, ugqirha wakho uya kusebenzisa ukukhanya kunye nokhula ukuze abone izicwili zangasese nezomlomo wesibeleko ngokucacileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, banokuthatha isampulu yethishu yomlomo wesibeleko kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy.

Zichane kangakanani iziphumo?

Uvavanyo lwePap luchanekile kakhulu. Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwePap kunciphisa amazinga omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye nokufa kwabantu. Kungangonwabisi, kodwa ukungakhululeki okufutshane kunokunceda ukukhusela impilo yakho.

Ngaba uvavanyo lwePap smear lwe-HPV?

Eyona njongo iphambili yovavanyo lwePap smear kukuchonga utshintsho lweselula kumlomo wesibeleko, onokubangelwa yi-HPV.

Ngokufumanisa iiseli zomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kwangoko nge-Pap smear, unyango lunokuqala ngaphambi kokuba lusasazeke kwaye lube yinkxalabo enkulu. Kuyenzeka ukuba uvavanye i-HPV kwi-Pap smear specimen, nayo.

Unokuyifumana ikhontrakthi i-HPV ngokulalana namadoda okanye nabasetyhini. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane, yenza isondo ngekhondom okanye enye indlela yokuthintela. Bonke abantu ababhinqileyo ababelana ngesondo basemngciphekweni wokufumana i-HPV kwaye kufuneka bafumane iPap smear ubuncinci qho kwiminyaka emithathu.

Uvavanyo aluboni ezinye izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo. Ngamaxesha athile inokufumanisa ukukhula kweseli okubonisa eminye imihlaza, kodwa akufuneki ixhomekeke kuloo njongo.