Uvavanyo lwe-PDL1 (Immunotherapy)

Umxholo

• Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-PDL1?
• Isetyenziselwa ntoni?
• Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-PDL1?
• Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-PDL1?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?
• Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?
• Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?
• Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-PDL1?
• Izalathiso

Yintoni uvavanyo lwe-PDL1?

Olu vavanyo lilinganisa inani le-PDL1 kwiiseli zomhlaza. I-PDL1 yiprotein enceda ukugcina iiseli zamajoni omzimba ekuhlaseleni iiseli ezingenabungozi emzimbeni. Ngokwesiqhelo amajoni omzimba alwa nezinto zangaphandle ezinjengeentsholongwane kunye neebhaktiriya, hayi iiseli zakho ezisempilweni. Ezinye iiseli zomhlaza zinexabiso eliphezulu le-PDL1. Oku kuvumela iiseli zomhlaza ukuba "zikhohlise" amajoni omzimba, kwaye kuthintelwe ukuhlaselwa njengezinto zangaphandle, eziyingozi.

Ukuba iiseli zakho zomhlaza zinexabiso eliphezulu le-PDL1, unokufumana uncedo kunyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-immunotherapy. I-Immunotherapy lonyango elonyusa amajoni akho omzimba ukunceda ukuba luqaphele kwaye lulwe neeseli zomhlaza. I-Immunotherapy ibonakalise ukuba iyasebenza ekunyangeni iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza. Ikwahlala ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunezinye zonyango lomhlaza.

Amanye amagama: Inkqubo yokufa-ligand 1, PD-LI, PDL-1 yi-immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Isetyenziselwa ntoni?

Uvavanyo lwe-PDL1 lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba unawo na umhlaza onokuzuza kwi-immunotherapy.

Kutheni ndifuna uvavanyo lwe-PDL1?

Ungadinga uvavanyo lwe-PDL1 ukuba ufumanisile ukuba unenye yezi mhlaza zilandelayo:

• Umhlaza wemiphunga ongekho mncinci
• Melanoma
• IHodgkin lymphoma
• Umhlaza wesinyi
• Umhlaza wezintso
• Umhlaza webele

Amanqanaba aphezulu ePDL1 ahlala efumaneka kwezi, kunye nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza. Umhlaza onamanqanaba aphezulu e-PDL1 unokunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo nge-immunotherapy.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-PDL1?

Uninzi lweemvavanyo ze-PDL1 zenziwa kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-biopsy. Zintathu iindlela eziphambili zenkqubo ye-biopsy:

• I-biopsy enqwenela inaliti, esebenzisa inaliti ebhityileyo ukususa isampulu yeeseli okanye ulwelo
• I-biopsy yenaliti engundoqo, esebenzisa inaliti enkulu ukususa isampulu
• Utyando lwe-biopsy, esusa isampulu kwinkqubo encinci, yesigulana

Umnqweno wenaliti olungileyo kunye neenaliti ezingundoqo zenaliti ihlala ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Uya kubeka kwicala lakho okanye uhlale kwitafile yeemviwo.
• Umboneleli wezempilo uya kucoca indawo ye-biopsy kwaye ayitofe nge-anesthetic ukuze ungaziva naziphi na iintlungu ngexesha lenkqubo.
• Nje ukuba loo ndawo ibe ndindisholo, umboneleli uya kufaka inaliti yokuthambisa elungileyo okanye inaliti engundoqo ye-biopsy kwindawo ye-biopsy kwaye asuse isampulu yethishu okanye ulwelo.
• Unokuziva uxinzelelo oluncinci xa isampulu irhoxisiwe.
• Uxinzelelo luya kusetyenziswa kwisiza se-biopsy de ukuphuma kokopha.
• Umboneleli wakho uya kufaka ibandage engenazintsholongwane kwindawo ye-biopsy.

Kwi-biopsy yokuhlinzwa, Ugqirha uya kusika kancinane ulusu lwakho ukuze asuse lonke okanye inxenye yesigaqa sebele. Ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa i-biopsy yotyando ukuba iqhuma alinakufikelelwa nge-biopsy yenaliti. Utyando lwe-biopsies zihlala zibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo.

• Uya kulala etafileni yokusebenza. IV (umgca ofakwa ngaphakathi) unokufakwa engalweni okanye esandleni sakho.
• Unokunikwa iyeza, ekuthiwa kukuthomalalisa, ukukunceda uphumle.
• Uya kunikwa i-anesthesia yendawo okanye eqhelekileyo ukuze ungaziva zintlungu ngexesha lenkqubo.
  • Kwi-anesthesia yendawo, umboneleli wokhathalelo lwempilo uya kutofa indawo ye-biopsy ngamayeza okubuyisa lendawo.
  • Kwi-anesthesia ngokubanzi, ingcali ebizwa ngokuba yi-anesthesiologist iya kukunika iyeza ukuze ungabikho nto ngexesha lenkqubo.
• Nje ukuba indawo ye-biopsy ibe ndindisholo okanye ungabikho zingqondweni, ugqirha wotyando uya kusika kancinci ebeleni kwaye asuse inxenye okanye lonke iqhuma. Ezinye izicwili ezijikeleze iqhuma nazo zinokususwa.
• Ukusikwa kolusu lwakho kuya kuvalwa ngemithungo okanye imitya yokuncamathelisa.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji. Uhlobo lwe-biopsy oyifumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kwindawo kunye nobungakanani bethumba lakho.

Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndenze nantoni na ukulungiselela uvavanyo?

Awuyi kufuna amalungiselelo akhethekileyo ukuba ufumana i-anesthesia yendawo (ukuphazamiseka kwendawo ye-biopsy). Ukuba ufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, kuya kufuneka ukhawuleze (ungatyi okanye usele) iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ethe ngqo. Kwakhona, ukuba ufumana i-anesthesia okanye i-anesthesia jikelele, qiniseka ukuba ulungiselele ukuba umntu akuqhube ekhaya. Unokuba groggy kwaye udideke emva kokuba uvukile kwinkqubo.

Ngaba bukhona ubungozi kuvavanyo?

Unokuba nokugruzuka okuncinci okanye ukopha kwindawo ye-biopsy. Ngamanye amaxesha indawo iyosuleleka. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, uya kunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. I-biopsy yokuhlinzwa ingabangela ezinye iintlungu kunye nokuphazamiseka. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo unokucebisa okanye akunike amayeza ukukunceda uzive ungcono.

Zithetha ntoni iziphumo?

Ukuba iziphumo zakho zibonisa ukuba iiseli zakho zethumba zinamanqanaba aphezulu e-PDL1, ungaqala kwi-immunotherapy. Ukuba iziphumo zakho azibonisi amanqanaba aphezulu e-PDL1, i-immunotherapy isenokungasebenzi kuwe. Kodwa unokuxhamla kolunye uhlobo lonyango lomhlaza. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Funda ngakumbi malunga novavanyo lwelabhoratri, uluhlu lweereferensi, kunye neziphumo zokuqonda.

Ngaba ikhona enye into endifuna ukuyazi malunga novavanyo lwe-PDL1?

I-Immunotherapy ayisebenzi kuwo wonke umntu, nokuba unamathumba anamanqanaba aphezulu e-PDL1. Iiseli zomhlaza zintsonkothile kwaye zihlala zingalindeleki. Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo kunye nabaphandi basaqhubeka nokufunda malunga ne-immunotherapy kunye nendlela yokuqikelela ukuba ngubani oza kuxhamla kolu nyango.

Izalathiso

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Ulwazi olukule ndawo akufuneki lusetyenziswe endaweni yonyango okanye iingcebiso. Nxibelelana nomboneleli wezempilo ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yakho.