I-Pemphigus: yintoni na, iintlobo eziphambili, izizathu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Yintoni enokubangela i-pemphigus
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Pemphigus sisifo esinqabileyo somzimba sokuzikhusela komzimba esibonakaliswa ngokwenziwa kwamadyungudyungu athambileyo, aqhekeka lula kwaye awaphilisi. Ngokwesiqhelo, la maqamza avela kulusu, kodwa anokuchaphazela inwebu yangaphakathi, enjengomlomo, amehlo, impumlo, umqala kunye nendawo esondeleyo.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo kunye nemodeli yokuvela kweempawu, i-pemphigus inokwahlulahlulwa ibe ziindidi ezininzi, ezibandakanya:

• IPemphigus vulgaris: lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo, apho amablister avela kulusu nasemlonyeni. Amadyungudyungu abangela iintlungu kwaye ayanyamalala, kodwa kuhlala kukho amabala amnyama ahlala iinyanga ezininzi;
• Ipemphigus ebusayo: Amaqamza aqine kwaye anzulu avela angagqabuki ngokulula, kwaye axhaphaka kakhulu kubantu abadala. Funda ngakumbi ngolu hlobo lwepemphigus;
• I-pemphigus yemifuno: luhlobo olunobungozi be-pemphigus vulgaris, ebonakaliswa ngamadyungudyungu kwi-groin, ekhwapheni okanye kummandla osondeleyo;
• IPemphigus foliaceus: lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo kwimimandla yetropiki, ephawulwa kukuvela kwamanxeba okanye amanxeba, angabi buhlungu, avela kuqala ebusweni nasentloko, kodwa anokufikelela esifubeni nakwezinye iindawo;

• I-Pemphigus erythematosus: luhlobo olunobungozi lwe-pemphigus foliaceus, ebonakaliswa ngamadyungudyungu aphezulu entlonzeni nasebusweni, anokudideka ne-seborrheic dermatitis okanye i-lupus erythematosus;

  
  
• Iparaneoplastic pemphigus: luhlobo olunqabileyo, njengoko lunxulunyaniswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ezinje ngee-lymphomas okanye ii-leukemias.

Nangona ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala nakubantu abadala, i-pemphigus inokuvela nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Esi sifo asosuleli kwaye sinonyango, kodwa unyango lwaso, olwenziwe nge-corticosteroid kunye neziyobisi ezikhuselayo, ezichazwe ngugqirha wesikhumba, zinokuhlala iinyanga okanye iminyaka embalwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba isifo siyalawulwa.

Yintoni enokubangela i-pemphigus

I-Pemphigus ibangelwa lutshintsho kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela komzimba, ebangela ukuba umzimba uvelise izilwa-buhlungu ezihlasela iiseli ezisempilweni kulusu kunye neembumba. Nangona izinto ezikhokelela kolu tshintsho zingaziwa, kuyaziwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kolunye uxinzelelo lwegazi kunokubangela ukuba iimpawu zivele, ezithi shwaka xa kugqityiwe amayeza.

Ke, i-pemphigus ayosuleli, njengoko ingabangelwa yintsholongwane okanye ibhaktiriya. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanxeba e-blister ayosuleleka, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugqithisele ezi bhaktheriya komnye umntu odibana ngqo namanxeba, anokukhokelela ekubonakaleni kwesikhumba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-pemphigus luqhele ukwenziwa kusetyenziswa amayeza amiselweyo ngugqirha wesikhumba, anje ngala:

• ICorticosteroids, ezinje ngePrednisone okanye iHydrocortisone: zisetyenziswa kwezona meko zeepemphigus ukunciphisa iimpawu. La machiza akufuneki asetyenziselwe ngaphezulu kweveki enye ngokulandelelana;
• Amajoni omzimba, ezinje ngeAzathioprine okanye iMycophenolate: yehlisa isenzo samajoni omzimba, ukuwathintela ekuhlaseleni iiseli ezisempilweni. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba, kukho ithuba elikhulu losulelo kwaye, ke ngoko, la machiza asetyenziswa kwezona meko zinzima;
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, i-antifungal okanye i-antiviral: zisetyenziswa xa uhlobo oluthile losulelo lubonakala kumanxeba ashiywe ngamadyunguza.

Unyango lwenziwa ekhaya kwaye lunokuhlala iinyanga ezimbalwa okanye iminyaka, kuxhomekeke kumzimba wesigulana kunye nohlobo kunye nobukrakra bepemphigus.

Kwiimeko ezimandundu kakhulu, apho kuvela khona ukosuleleka kwamanxeba, umzekelo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa, ukwenza amayeza ngqo emthanjeni nokwenza unyango olufanelekileyo lwamanxeba osulelekileyo.