Yintoni ebangela ukuba uMkhuhlane oMdaka oPhantsi oQhelekileyo kwaye unyangwa njani?

Umxholo

• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Abantu abadala
• Iintsana
• Abantwana
• Yintoni ebangela ifiva engapheliyo?
• Izifo zokuphefumula
• Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (UTIs)
• Amayeza
• Abadlayo (iintsana)
• Uxinzelelo
• Isifo sephepha
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo
• Imiba ye-thyroid
• Umhlaza
• Ukunyanga umkhuhlane ophantsi ophantsi
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Yintoni ifiva yomgangatho ophantsi?

Umkhuhlane kuxa iqondo lobushushu lomzimba womntu liphezulu kunesiqhelo. Uninzi lwabantu, oluqhelekileyo lumalunga nama-98.6 ° Fahrenheit (37 ° Celsius).

"Ibanga eliphantsi" lithetha ukuba iqondo lobushushu liphakanyisiwe kancinci- phakathi kwe-98.7 ° F kunye ne-100.4 ° F (37.5 ° C kunye ne-38.3 ° C) - kwaye ihlala ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24. Ukuqhubeka (okungapheliyo) kweentsholongwane kuchazwa njengemikhuhlane ehlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14.

Umkhuhlane unokuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo, kodwa uninzi lweqondo eliphantsi kunye nefiva akukho nto inokukhathazeka ngayo. Rhoqo, ukwanda kobushushu bomzimba yimpendulo eqhelekileyo kusulelo, njengokubanda okanye umkhuhlane. Kodwa zininzi ezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokufumana umkhuhlane ophantsi ophantsi kugqirha kuphela onokuwafumanisa.

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Umkhuhlane wodwa awunakuba sisizathu sokubiza ugqirha. Ewe kunjalo, kukho iimeko ezithile apho kuya kufuneka ufumane ingcebiso kwezonyango, ngakumbi ukuba umkhuhlane uhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Ubukho bomkhuhlane bunokuthetha izinto ezahlukeneyo kubantu abadala, kwiintsana, nakubantwana.

Abantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, umkhuhlane awuhlali ungunobangela wokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuba ungaphezulu kwe-103 ° F (39.4 ° C). Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuba unefiva ephezulu kunale.

Ukuba umkhuhlane wakho ungaphantsi kwe-103 ° F, kodwa uhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu, kuya kufuneka undwendwele nogqirha.

Kuya kufuneka ufumane unyango kwangoko ukuba ngaba kukho enye yezi mpawu okanye iimpawu ezihamba nomkhuhlane:

• Ukukhawuleza okungaqhelekanga okukhawuleza kubi
• ukudideka
• ukugabha okungapheliyo
• ukuxhuzula
• intlungu xa uchama
• Intamo elukhuni
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudumba komqala
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• nemibono

Iintsana

Kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ubudala, nokuba ngaphezulu kancinci kuneqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo kunokuthetha usulelo olubi.

Fowunela ugqirha wabantwana ngomkhuhlane ophantsi ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala ekruquke ngokungaqhelekanga, edimazekile, okanye engonwabanga okanye enesifo sorhudo, ingqele okanye ukukhwehlela. Ukungabikho kwezinye iimpawu, kuya kufuneka uphinde ubonane nogqirha ukuba umkhuhlane uhlala uqhubeka ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.

Abantwana

Ukuba umntwana wakho usadibana nawe, usela amanzi, kwaye udlala, emva koko umkhuhlane osezantsi awunakuba sisizathu sealam. Kodwa kusafuneka undwendwele ugqirha ukuba umkhuhlane ophantsi uhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.

Fowunela ugqirha wabantwana ukuba umntwana wakho:

• Uyacaphuka okanye ubonakala engonwabanga
• akanangxaki yamehlo
• ukugabha ngokuphindaphindiweyo
• unesisu esihambisayo
• unomkhuhlane emva kokuba esemotweni eshushu

Yintoni ebangela ifiva engapheliyo?

Usulelo lwentsholongwane, njengokubanda okuqhelekileyo, zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kumkhuhlane ophantsi, kodwa ke zikho nezinye izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokucinga.

Izifo zokuphefumula

Umzimba wakho ngokwendalo uphakamisa ubushushu bomzimba ukunceda ukubulala ibacteria okanye intsholongwane ebangela usulelo. Umkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane ubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Ingqele ngokukodwa inokubangela umkhuhlane okumgangatho ophantsi ohlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbalwa.

Ezinye iimpawu zokubanda zibandakanya:

• impumlo egobileyo okanye egobayo
• umqala obuhkungu
• Ukuthimla
• ukukhohlela
• ukudinwa
• ukungabikho komdla

I-pneumonia yentsholongwane kunye ne-bronchitis zezinye iintlobo ezimbini zosulelo lokuphefumla ezinokubangela nomkhuhlane ophantsi. Kunye nomkhuhlane, ukugodola kunye nomqala obuhlungu, inyumoniya kunye ne-bronchitis kuza nokukhohlela okuqhubeka iiveki.

Kubantwana, kuqhelekile ukufumana usulelo lwentsholongwane "yokubuyela umva". Oku kunokwenza kubonakale ngathi umkhuhlane uhlala ixesha elide kunokuba kufanelekile.

Unyango losulelo lwentsholongwane lubandakanya ukuphumla kunye nolwelo de umzimba wakho ukhathalele usulelo. Ungathatha i-acetaminophen yokunciphisa umkhuhlane ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyasokolisa. Umkhuhlane ubalulekile ekuncedeni umzimba wakho ukuba ulwe nosulelo oluthile, ngamanye amaxesha kungcono ukulinda.

Ukuba usulelo lukhulu kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokumisela amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amachiza antiviral, okanye amanye amayeza ukunceda ukunyanga usulelo.

Usulelo lwe-Urinary tract (UTIs)

Umkhuhlane oqhubekayo unokubonakalisa usulelo olufihliweyo lomchamo kubantwana nakubantu abadala. I-UTI ibangelwa yintsholongwane. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya iintlungu kunye nokutsha ngelixa uchama, ukuchama rhoqo, kunye negazi okanye umchamo omnyama.

Ugqirha unokuvavanya isampulu yomchamo phantsi kwemicroscope ukufumanisa i-UTI. Unyango lubandakanya ikhosi ye-antibiotics.

Amayeza

Umkhuhlane ophantsi unokuvela malunga neentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 emva kokuqala amayeza amatsha. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa ngumkhuhlane weziyobisi.

Iziyobisi ezinxulumene nomkhuhlane ophantsi kubandakanya:

• beta-lactam antibiotics, ezifana cephalosporins kunye penicillins
• quinidine
• kwiinkqubo
• imethyldopa
• Yenyani
• icarbazazepine

Ukuba umkhuhlane wakho unxulumene namayeza, ugqirha wakho unokuhlengahlengisa idosi yakho okanye acebise ichiza elahlukileyo. Umkhuhlane kufuneka unyamalale xa iyeza limisiwe.

Abadlayo (iintsana)

Ukudibanisa amazinyo kwenzeka rhoqo phakathi kweenyanga ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-7 ubudala. Ukuphamba amazinyo ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukucaphuka kancinci, ukukhala, kunye nomkhuhlane ophantsi. Ukuba umkhuhlane uphezulu kune-101 ° F, akunakwenzeka ukuba ubangelwe yintsini kwaye kufuneka uzise usana lwakho ukuba lubone ugqirha.

Uxinzelelo

Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo unokubangelwa luxinzelelo olungapheliyo, lweemvakalelo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi. Imikhuhlane yengqondo ixhaphake kakhulu kubafazi abaselula nakubantu abaneemeko ezihlala ziba nzima ngenxa yoxinzelelo, njengokugula okungapheliyo kunye ne-fibromyalgia.

Iziyobisi ezinciphisa umkhuhlane njenge-acetaminophen azisebenzi ngokuchasene nefiva ezibangelwa luxinzelelo. Endaweni yoko, iziyobisi ezichasene noxinzelelo lonyango olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ifiva yengqondo.

Isifo sephepha

Isifo sephepha (TB) sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu esibangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yintsholongwane Isifo sephepha seMicobacterium. Nangona i-TB ixhaphake kakhulu kumazwe asakhasayo, nyaka ngamnye kuchazwa amawaka eUnited States.

Ibhaktheriya inokuhlala ingasebenzi emzimbeni wakho kangangeminyaka kwaye ayibangeli zimpawu. Xa amajoni akho omzimba ebuthathaka, nangona kunjalo, i-TB inokuba namandla.

Iimpawu ze-TB esebenzayo zibandakanya:

• ukukhohlela igazi okanye isikhohlela
• iintlungu ukhohlela
• Ukudinwa okungachazwanga
• ifiva
• ukubila ebusuku

I-TB inokubangela ukuba umntu abe nomkhuhlane okwiqondo eliphantsi, ingakumbi ebusuku, nto leyo enokubangela ukubila ebusuku.

Ugqirha unokusebenzisa uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olusulungekileyo lweprotein derivative (PPD) yovavanyo lolusu ukumisela ukuba wosulelwe yintsholongwane ye-TB. Abantu abanesifo se-TB esisebenzayo kufuneka bathathe amayeza aliqela iinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilithoba ukunyanga usulelo.

Izifo ezizenzekelayo

Ubushushu bomzimba bufunyenwe buphakanyisiwe kwabanye abantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo, njenge-multiple sclerosis kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis.

Kwesinye, abaphandi bafunda ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abanefom ye-MS ebizwa ngokuba yi-MS ebuyayo abakhalaza ngokukhathala banomkhuhlane ophantsi.

Umkhuhlane ophantsi kwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo luphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-RA. Kucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa kukudumba kwamalungu.

Ukuchonga i-RA kunye ne-MS kunokuthatha ixesha kwaye kunokufuna iimvavanyo ezininzi zebhu kunye nezixhobo zokuqonda isifo. Ukuba sele ufumene ukuba une-RA okanye i-MS, ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukuqala ukulawula olunye usulelo lwentsholongwane okanye ibhaktiriya njengesizathu esinokubangela umkhuhlane wakho.

Kwimeko ye-RA- okanye i-MS enxulumene nomkhuhlane, ugqirha uya kuncoma ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi, ususe iimpahla ezongezelelekileyo, kwaye uthathe amachiza angenayo intsholongwane (i-NSAID) okanye i-acetaminophen de kudlule umkhuhlane.

Imiba ye-thyroid

I-Subacute thyroiditis kukudumba kwedlala lengqula. Ingabangela umkhuhlane ophantsi kwezinye iimeko. I-Thyroiditis ingabangelwa yintsholongwane, i-radiation, i-trauma, iimeko ezizimele, okanye amayeza.

Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• iintlungu zemisipha
• ukudinwa
• ukuthamba kufutshane nedlala lengqula
• Intlungu ebuhlungu entanyeni ehlala ikhupha indlebe

Ugqirha unokuchonga i-thyroiditis kunye novavanyo lwentamo kunye novavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid.

Umhlaza

Eminye imihlaza yomhlaza - i-lymphomas kunye ne-leukemias ngakumbi- inokubangela ukuba umzimba uqhubeke kwaye ungachazwanga umkhuhlane ophantsi. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba isifo somhlaza sinqabile kwaye umkhuhlane luphawu olungacacanga lomhlaza. Ukuba nomkhuhlane ongapheliyo akuthethi ukuba unomhlaza, kodwa kunokulumkisa ugqirha wakho ukuba aqhube uvavanyo oluthile.

Ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-leukemia okanye i-lymphoma ziquka:

• ukudinwa okungapheliyo
• iintlungu zethambo kunye namalungu
• ukwandisa ii-lymph node
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga
• ukubila ebusuku
• ubuthathaka
• ukuphefumla
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya

Kuxhomekeke kudidi kunye nomgangatho womhlaza, ugqirha unokucebisa ngokudibana kwechemotherapy, radiation, utyando, okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango.

Ukunyanga umkhuhlane ophantsi ophantsi

Imikhuhlane ihlala ihamba yodwa. Amayeza e-over-the-counter (OTC) anokunceda ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kungcono ukukhwela umkhuhlane omncinci ngamanzi kunye nokuphumla.

Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuthatha iyeza le-OTC, unokukhetha phakathi kwe-acetaminophen kunye ne-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) njenge ibuprofen, aspirin kunye ne naproxen.

Kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu, biza ugqirha wakho kuqala ngaphambi kokuba ubanike naluphi na unyango.

Kubantwana, i-acetaminophen kunye ne-ibuprofen ngokubanzi zikhuselekile ekunciphiseni umkhuhlane. Musa ukunika iasprini kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala abachacha kwiimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane kuba kunokubangela ingxaki enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yiReye’s syndrome.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba umnike i-naproxen.

Ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala, i-acetaminophen, ibuprofen, naproxen, kunye neasprini ngokubanzi zikhuselekile ukuba zingasetyenziswa ngokwemiyalelo yelebheli.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Uninzi lweqondo eliphantsi kunye nefiva engenanto ikhathazayo.

Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ubize ugqirha wakho ukuba ubenomkhuhlane ngaphezu kweentsuku ezintathu ngokuthe ngqo, okanye umkhuhlane wakho uhamba kunye neempawu ezininzi ezinengxaki njengokugabha, iintlungu zesifuba, irhashalala, ukudumba komqala, okanye intamo elukhuni.

Kunzima ukwazi ukuba kufuneka ubize nini ugqirha usana okanye umntwana omncinci. Ngokubanzi, funa unyango ukuba umntwana wakho ungaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ubudala kwaye unawo nawuphi na umkhuhlane kwaphela. Ukuba umntwana wakho umdala kunoko, awunyanzelekanga ukuba ubonane nogqirha ngaphandle kokuba ifiva ibaleke ngaphezulu kwe-102 ° F (38.9 ° C) okanye iqhubeke ngokuqhubekeka ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezintathu.

Qhubeka ujonge ubushushu bomntwana wakho imini yonke. Amaqondo obushushu angqokelelweyo ahlala echanekileyo. Tsalela umnxeba kwiofisi yabantwana ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba wenzeni.