Yintoni i-gH yesiqhelo yegazi kwaye yintoni eyenza ukuba itshintshe?

Umxholo

• Intshayelelo ekhawulezayo kwinqanaba le-pH
• Ke, yintoni ipH yegazi eliqhelekileyo?
• Yintoni eyenza ukuba i-pH yegazi itshintshe okanye ibe yinto engaqhelekanga?
• Ibhalansi ye-pH yegazi
• Ukuvavanya igazi pH
• Ngaba unokuvavanya ekhaya?
• Oonobangela begazi pH utshintsho
• Igazi eliphezulu pH
• Ukuphulukana nolwelo
• Iingxaki zezintso
• Igazi eliphantsi pH
• Ukutya
• I-ketoacidosis yeswekile
• I-metosis acidosis
• I-acidosis yokuphefumla
• Ukuthatha

Intshayelelo ekhawulezayo kwinqanaba le-pH

Isilinganiselo se-pH silinganisa indlela i-acidic okanye i-alkaline-esisiseko-into eyiyo.

Umzimba wakho usebenza rhoqo ukulawula ngononophelo amanqanaba e-pH egazi kunye nolunye ulwelo. Ibhalansi ye-pH yomzimba ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-acid-base okanye i-acid-alkaline balance. Amanqanaba e-pH afanelekileyo ayadingeka kwimpilo entle.

Ubungakanani be-pH bususela kwi-0 kuye kwi-14. Ukufundwa kusekwe kwi-pH yesi-7, engathathi hlangothi, njengamanzi amsulwa:

• I-pH engaphantsi kwe-7 i-asidi.
• I-pH ephezulu kune-7 yi-alkaline okanye isisiseko.

Esi sikali sinokubonakala sincinci, kodwa inqanaba ngalinye likhulu ngokuphindwe kalishumi kunelilandelayo. Umzekelo, i-pH ka-9 iphindaphindwe kalishumi ngaphezulu kwe-alkaline kune-pH yesi-8. I-pH ka-2 iphindaphindwe kalishumi kune-asidi kune-pH ka-3, kunye no-100 umphinda-phinde ube ne-asidi ngaphezu kokufunda ngo-4.

Ke, yintoni ipH yegazi eliqhelekileyo?

Igazi lakho linoluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwe-pH olungu-7.35 ukuya ku-7.45. Oku kuthetha ukuba igazi ngokwemvelo linealkaline kancinci okanye isisiseko.

Xa kuthelekiswa, isisu sakho esine-pH ejikeleze i-1.5 ukuya kwi-3.5. Oku kuyenza ibe asidi. I-pH esezantsi ilungele ukwetyisa ukutya kunye nokutshabalalisa naziphi na iintsholongwane ezingena esiswini.

Yintoni eyenza ukuba i-pH yegazi itshintshe okanye ibe yinto engaqhelekanga?

Iingxaki zempilo ezenza ukuba umzimba wakho ube neasidi okanye ialkaline kakhulu zihlala zinxulunyaniswa ne-pH yegazi. Utshintsho kwigazi lakho eliqhelekileyo i-pH linokuba luphawu lweemeko ezithile zempilo kunye nongxamiseko kwezonyango. Oku kubandakanya:

• umbefu
• isifo seswekile
• isifo sentliziyo
• isifo sezintso
• isifo semiphunga
• igawuthi
• usulelo
• ukothuka
• ukuphuma kwegazi (ukopha)
• libanda, iziyobisi
• ityhefu

Ibhalansi ye-pH yegazi

I-Acidosis kuxa igazi lakho i-pH yehla ngaphantsi kwe-7.35 kwaye iba ne-asidi kakhulu. I-Alkalosis kuxa igazi lakho i-pH liphezulu kune-7.45 kwaye iba yi-alkaline kakhulu. Amalungu amabini aphambili anceda ukulinganisa i-pH yegazi zezi:

• Amaphaphu. La malungu asusa ikharbon diokside ngokuphefumla okanye ngokuphefumla.
• Izintso. La malungu asusa iiacidi ngomchamo okanye ngokukhupha.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-acidosis yegazi kunye ne-alkalosis zixhomekeke kwisizathu. Ezi ntlobo zimbini ziphambili zezi:

• Ukuphefumla. Olu hlobo lwenzeka xa utshintsho kwigazi le-pH lubangelwa yimiphunga okanye imeko yokuphefumla.
• Utyumbo. Olu hlobo lwenzeka xa utshintsho lwe-pH yegazi lubangelwa yimeko yezintso okanye umcimbi.

Ukuvavanya igazi pH

Uvavanyo lwe-pH yegazi yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yovavanyo lwegesi yegazi okanye uvavanyo lwearterial gas (ABG). Ilinganisa ukuba ingakanani ioksijini kunye nekhabhon diokside egazini lakho.

Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya igazi lakho le-pH njengenxalenye yokujonga impilo rhoqo okanye ukuba unempilo.

Uvavanyo lwe-pH yegazi lubandakanya ukuba igazi lakho litsalwe ngenaliti. Isampulu yegazi ke ithunyelwa elebhu ukuvavanywa.

Ngaba unokuvavanya ekhaya?

Uvavanyo lwe-prick yegazi ekhaya aluyi kuba loluchanekileyo njengokuvavanywa kwegazi le-pH kwiofisi kagqirha wakho.

Uvavanyo lwe-pH litmus lephepha lomchamo aluyi kubonisa inqanaba le-pH yegazi lakho, kodwa kunokunceda ukubonisa ukuba into ethile ayikho-ibhalansi.

Oonobangela begazi pH utshintsho

Igazi eliphezulu pH

I-Alkalosis yenzeka xa igazi lakho i-pH liphezulu kunoluhlu oluqhelekileyo. Kukho izizathu ezininzi ze-pH ephezulu yegazi.

Isifo sinokunyusa okwethutyana igazi lakho i-pH. Iimeko ezinzulu kakhulu zempilo zinokukhokelela kwi-alkalosis.

Ukuphulukana nolwelo

Ukuphulukana namanzi amaninzi emzimbeni wakho kunokunyusa igazi pH. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ulahlekelwa ngamanye ama-electrolyte egazi-iityuwa kunye neemaminerali-kunye nokulahleka kwamanzi. Ezi ziquka sodium kunye potassium. Unobangela wokulahleka kolwelo ungaphezulu:

• ukubila
• ukugabha
• urhudo

Amachiza e-diuretic kunye namanye amayeza anokubangela ukuba uchame kakhulu okukhokelela kwigazi eliphezulu le-pH. Unyango lokulahleka kolwelo kubandakanya ukufumana ulwelo oluninzi kunye nokutshintsha ii-electrolyte. Iziphuzo zemidlalo ngamanye amaxesha zinokukunceda oku. Ugqirha wakho unokuyeka nawaphi na amayeza abangela ukulahleka kolwelo.

Iingxaki zezintso

Izintso zakho zinceda ukugcina i-acid-base balance yomzimba wakho. Ingxaki yezintso ingakhokelela kwi-pH ephezulu yegazi. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba izintso zingasusi izinto ezaneleyo ze-alkaline ngomchamo. Umzekelo, i-bicarbonate inokubuyiselwa ngokungafanelekanga egazini.

Amayeza kunye nolunye unyango kwizintso zinceda ukunciphisa i-pH ephezulu yegazi.

Igazi eliphantsi pH

Igazi acidosis inokuchaphazela indlela onke amalungu omzimba wakho asebenza ngayo. I-pH yegazi ephantsi yingxaki yezonyango exhaphake kunepH ephezulu yegazi. I-Acidosis inokuba luphawu lwesilumkiso lokuba imeko yezempilo ayilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.

Ezinye zeemeko zempilo zibangela ukuba iiasidi zendalo zakhe egazini lakho. Iimpawu ezinokunciphisa igazi i-pH zibandakanya:

• iasidi yelicic
• keto acid
• isulfuric acid
• phosphoric acid
• ihydrochloric acid
• icarbonic acid

Ukutya

Kumntu osempilweni, ukutya akuchaphazeli i-pH yegazi.

I-ketoacidosis yeswekile

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, igazi lakho linokuba neasidi xa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi engalawulwa kakuhle. I-ketoacidosis yeswekile iyenzeka xa umzimba wakho ungenako ukwenza i-insulin eyaneleyo okanye uyisebenzise ngokufanelekileyo.

I-insulini inceda ukuhambisa iswekile kukutya okutyayo ukuya kwiiseli zakho apho inokutshiswa khona njengamafutha omzimba wakho.

Ukuba i-insulin ayinakusetyenziswa, umzimba wakho uqala ukophula amafutha agciniweyo ukuze uzenzele amandla ngokwawo. Oku kunika inkunkuma yeasidi ebizwa ngokuba zii-ketone. I-asidi iyakha, ibangela ukuba igazi liphantsi pH.

Fumana ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo ukuba inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho liphezulu kuneemiligram ezingama-300 kwidesilitha nganye (i-16 leemilimitha ilitha nganye).

Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na le mpawu:

• ukunxanwa okugqithisileyo
• ukuchama rhoqo
• ukudinwa okanye ubuthathaka
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• umphefumlo onuka iziqhamo
• isisu esibuhlungu
• ukudideka

I-ketoacidosis yeswekile ngumqondiso wokuba isifo sakho seswekile asiqhutywa okanye sinyangwe ngokufanelekileyo. Abanye abantu, inokuba luphawu lokuqala lokuba unesifo seswekile.

Ukunyanga isifo seswekile kuya kulungelelanisa igazi lakho i-pH. Unokufuna:

• amayeza emihla ngemihla
• Inaliti ye-insulin
• ukutya okungqongqo kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga ukuze uhlale usempilweni

I-metosis acidosis

I-pH yegazi ephantsi ngenxa yesifo sezintso okanye ukusilela kwezintso kuthiwa yi-metabolic acidosis. Oku kwenzeka xa izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle ukususa iiasidi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuphakamisa iiasidi zegazi kwaye kwehlise i-pH yegazi.

Ngokwe-National Kidney Foundation, iimpawu ze-metabolic acidosis zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa nokuba buthathaka
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza
• ukuphefumla okunzima

Unyango lwezifo ze-metabolic lubandakanya amayeza okunceda izintso zakho zisebenze ngcono. Kwiimeko ezinzima, unokufuna i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso. I-Dialysis kuxa kusetyenziswa umatshini ukucoca igazi lakho.

I-acidosis yokuphefumla

Xa imiphunga yakho ingakwazi ukushenxisa i-carbon dioxide eyaneleyo emzimbeni wakho ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo, i-pH yegazi iyehla. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-acidosis yokuphefumla. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba unesifo esibi okanye esingapheliyo semiphunga, njenge:

• isifuba okanye uhlaselo lwesifuba
• ubuthongo bokulala
• inyumoniya
• ukukrala kwemiphunga
• isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwidayaphragm

Ukuba uye wenziwa utyando, utyebe kakhulu, okanye usebenzisa gwenxa amayeza athomalalisayo, alalisayo, okanye amayeza eentlungu opioid ukwasengozini yokuphefumla iacosisosis.

Ngamanye amaxesha, izintso zakho ziyakwazi ukususa iiasidi zegazi ezongezelelweyo ngokuchama. Unokufuna ioksijini eyongezelelweyo kunye namayeza anje ngebronchodilators kunye nee-steroids ukunceda imiphunga isebenze ngcono.

Kwiimeko ezimandundu, intubation kunye noomatshini bokungenisa umoya kunokunceda kwisifo sokuphefumla ukuze uphefumle ngcono. Iphakamisa igazi lakho i-pH ibuyele esiqhelweni.

Ukuthatha

Inqanaba le-pH yegazi elingaqhelekanga linokuba luphawu lokungalingani kancinci okanye imeko yempilo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, igazi lakho le-pH liya kulungelelanisa xa isizathu sihamba okanye siphathwa.

Unokufuna iimvavanyo ezininzi ukunceda ugqirha wakho akufumane olona nyango lulungileyo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi, olufana nerhasi yegazi, iswekile, uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-creatinine
• iimvavanyo zomchamo
• X-reyi yesifuba
• Intliziyo ye-electrocardiogram (ECG)

Ukuba unesifo esingapheliyo njengesifo seswekile okanye isifo sezintso, ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukujonga amanqanaba akho e-pH yegazi rhoqo. Oku kunceda ukubonisa ukuba imeko yakho ilawulwa njani. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha onke amayeza njengoko kumiselwe.

Xa kungekho zimo zempilo, umzimba wakho ulawula igazi lakho le-pH, kwaye ayisiyonto ekufuneka ukhathazekile ngayo.

Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nendlela efanelekileyo yokutya kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga ukuze uhlale usempilweni.