Iiplatelet eziphezulu okanye eziphantsi: oonobangela kunye nendlela yokuchonga

Umxholo

• Iiplatelets eziphezulu
• Iiplatelets ezisezantsi
• Indlela yokuchonga
• Indlela yokunciphisa iiplatelets eziphezulu

Iiplatelets, ezikwabizwa ngokuba zii-thrombocyte, ziiseli zegazi eziveliswa ngumongo wethambo kwaye linoxanduva lwenkqubo yokuvala igazi, ngemveliso ephezulu yeeplatelets xa kusopha, umzekelo, ukuthintela ukulahleka kwegazi okugqithisileyo.

Ixabiso lesalathiso seplatelet liphakathi kwe-150,000 kunye ne-450,000 yeeplatelets / µL yegazi, nangona kunjalo ezinye iimeko zinokuphazamisa inkqubo yemveliso yeplatelet, ngokunyuka okanye ukwehla koxinaniso lwayo egazini, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytopenia.

Ayibalulelanga kuphela ukubalwa kweplatelet, kodwa kunye nomgangatho weeplatelet eziveliswe ngumongo wethambo. Ezinye izifo ezinxulumene nomgangatho wegazi ziZifo zikaWillebrand, ezinxulumene nenkqubo yokunqanda igazi, iScott's Syndrome, iGlanzmann's Thrombasthenia kunye neBernard-Soulier's Syndrome. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukuba wazi amaxabiso ehemoglobin, anokubonisa izifo ezinjenge-anemia, leukemia kunye ne-pulmary emphysema.

Iiplatelets eziphezulu

Ukonyuka kwenani leeplatelets, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytosis okanye i-thrombocytosis, kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu zophendlo lwezifo okanye ezomzimba, ngokuzilolonga kakhulu, ukusebenza, ukuphakama okuphezulu, ukutshaya, uxinzelelo okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-adrenaline, umzekelo.

Oonobangela abaziintloko zezifo ze-thrombocytosis zezi:

• I-anemia ye-hemolytic enzima;
• Ukunqongophala kwe-anemia;
• I-Myeloproliferative syndromes, enje nge-Essential thrombocythemia, iPolycythemia Vera kunye neMyelofibrosis;
• Sarcoidosis;
• Izifo ezosulelayo kunye ezingapheliyo;
• Wegazi;
• Emva ukopha kakhulu;
• Emva kokususwa kwepeni, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-splenectomy;
• Neoplasms;
• Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi;
• Emva kokusebenza.

Kubalulekile ukuba unobangela wokwanda kweplatelet uchongwe ukuze ugqirha abonise olona nyango lulungileyo.

Iiplatelets ezisezantsi

Ukongeza kwi-thrombocytosis, enye ingxaki enxulumene nenani leeplatelets yi-thrombocytopenia, ehambelana nokuhla kweeplatelets egazini, ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokusebenzisa amanye amayeza, i-anemia eyingozi, izifo ezikhuselayo, ezifana ne-lupus, kunye nesondlo ukusilela, umzekelo. Funda ngezinye izinto ezibangela i-thrombocytopenia kunye nendlela yokuyinyanga.

Indlela yokuchonga

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwanda kwenani leeplatelet akubangeli zimpawu, njengoko kubonwa kukusebenza kokubalwa kwegazi elipheleleyo, eluvavanyo lwegazi oluvavanya ubungakanani kunye neempawu zeeseli zegazi.

Kwezinye iimeko kunokubakho ukubonakala kweempawu, ezinokwahluka ngokwonobangela, ezona ziphambili sisicaphucaphu, ukugabha, isiyezi kunye nokugungqa emaphethelweni.

Indlela yokunciphisa iiplatelets eziphezulu

Ngokokuxinana kweeplatelet egazini, ubukho beempawu kunye nemeko yomntu ngokubanzi, ugqirha oqhelekileyo okanye ugqirha wegazi unokucebisa ngokusetyenziswa kwe-acetylsalicylic acid ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-thrombosis, okanye i-hydroxyurea, ichiza elinakho ukunciphisa imveliso yeeseli zomongo wethambo.

Ukongeza, ukuba uxinzelelo lweplatelet luphezulu kakhulu ukuya kwinqanaba lokubeka ubomi besigulana emngciphekweni ngenxa yamathuba aphezulu okwakhiwa kwehlwili, kunokucetyiswa i-thrombocytoapheresis yonyango, eyinkqubo ekhutshwayo, ngoncedo lwe isixhobo, ukugqithisa kweeplatelet, ngenxa yoko, ukukwazi ukulinganisela ixabiso lokujikeleza iiplatelet.