Isigaxa emiphungeni: kuthetha ntoni kwaye inokuba ngumhlaza nini

Umxholo

• Ukwazi njani ukuba iqhuma ngumhlaza
• Iimpawu zesidumbu esibi
• Yintoni enokubangela iqhuma
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-nodule emiphungeni akufani nomhlaza, kuba, kwiimeko ezininzi, amaqhuqhuva ayingozi kwaye, ke ngoko, awubeki ubomi emngciphekweni, ngakumbi xa umncinci kuno-30 mm.

Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ngakumbi, ubukho be-nodule inokuba luphawu lokuqala lomhlaza emiphungeni okanye kwenye indawo emzimbeni, ke kubalulekile ukugcina uvavanyo rhoqo kunye neemviwo zokucinga ukuvavanya ukukhula kunye notshintsho ngendlela, ukuqala unyango ukuba kuyafuneka.

Umhlaza wemiphunga uvela kuphela kwi-5% yamatyala e-nodule kwaye uhlala uhleli kubantu abadala, abantu abanembali yosapho yomhlaza okanye abatshayayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu omncinci, ongatshayiyo kunye ne-nodule encinci unobungozi obunqabileyo bomhlaza wemiphunga, kuba nakubantu abadala, abanamaqhuqhuva amakhulu kunye nabatshayayo, amathuba okuba nomhlaza kwi-nodule aphantsi kakhulu.

Ukwazi njani ukuba iqhuma ngumhlaza

Ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba iqhuma alibi, i-pulmonologist ihlala iyalela ezinye iimvavanyo zokucinga, ezinje nge-CT scan okanye ukuskena kwezilwanyana zasekhaya, kwaye, malunga neenyanga ezi-4 kamva, ziphinda ezi mvavanyo ukuvavanya ukuba isigaxa sikhulile okanye sitshintshile ukumila nokubonakala.

Ngokwesiqhelo, amaqhuqhuva anobungozi ahlala elingana kwaye atshintshe kancinci, ngelixa amaqhuqhuva omhlaza enyuka ngobukhulu ephantse aphindwe kabini kwaye atshintsha kakhulu ukumila kwawo, abonisa ubunzima obungaqhelekanga endaweni yobunzima obujikelezileyo, uphawu lwe-benign pulmonary nodule.

Iimpawu zesidumbu esibi

Amaqhuqhuva emiphungeni kunqabile ukuba abangele naluphi na uhlobo lweempawu, zombini ukuba zinobungozi kwaye ukuba zinobungozi kwaye, ke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba zifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha leemviwo zesiqhelo, ezinjenge-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zeempawu ezinokuthi zilumkise ubukho beenguqu kwimiphunga, ezinje ngamaqhuqhuva, kwaye ezo kufuneka zivavanywe ngu-pulmonologist, kubandakanya ubunzima ekuphefumlweni, ukudinwa okulula, iintlungu zesifuba kunye nemvakalelo yokuphefumla kancinci.

Yintoni enokubangela iqhuma

Oonobangela bamaqhuqhuva emiphungeni ahluka ngohlobo lwawo:

• UBenign nodule: ngesiqhelo sisiphumo sezikrelemnqa zemiphunga ezibangelwa zizifo zangaphambili, ezinje nge-pneumonia, okanye ngenxa yesifo sephepha, umzekelo;
• I-nodule enobungozi: inezizathu ezifanayo zomhlaza wemiphunga kwaye, ke ngoko, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo nakubantu abahlala bevezwa ziikhemikhali eziyingozi, ezinje nge-arsenic, asbestos okanye iberyllium, umzekelo.

Ukongeza, i-nodule ebulalayo inokubangelwa ngumhlaza kwelinye ilungu lomzimba, njengesisu okanye amathumbu, kunye nolunye uvavanyo, olufana ne-colonoscopy okanye i-endoscopy, kunokuba yimfuneko xa kukho isikrokro somhlaza kula malungu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango luyahluka ngohlobo, kwaye kwimeko ye-benign nodule, ngesiqhelo, akukho hlobo lonyango luyacetyiswayo, kusenziwa uvavanyo rhoqo rhoqo nge-X-ray ngonyaka, okanye rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-2, ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-nodule iyenza ayonyuki ngobukhulu, kwaye ayitshintshi iimpawu zayo.

Kwimeko apho i-nodule inokuba yingozi, i-pulmonologist ihlala icebisa ukusebenza kotyando oluncinci ukususa isiqwenga se-nodule kunye nokuyihlalutya elebhu, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubukho beeseli zomhlaza. Ukuba iziphumo ziqinisekile, zihlala ziyimfuneko ukwenza olunye utyando olukhulu. Ukuba i-nodule incinci, inokususwa kuphela, kodwa ukuba inkulu, kusenokufuneka kususwe isahlulo semiphunga. Jonga zonke iinketho zonyango kumatyala omhlaza wemiphunga.