Ubushushu behagu: Ungayipheka njani iNgulube ngokukhuselekileyo

Umxholo

• Ukuxhalaba kwezempilo malunga nengulube engaphekwanga
• Indlela yokulinganisa ubushushu
• Izikhokelo zobushushu
• Ezinye iingcebiso ngokhuseleko lokutya kwehagu
• Umgca wezantsi

Ukupheka inyama kubushushu obuchanekileyo kubalulekile xa kufikwa kukhuseleko lokutya.

Kubalulekile kokubini ukuthintela usulelo lwe-parasitic kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokugula okubangelwa kukutya.

Inyama yehagu ixhaphake kakhulu kusulelo, kwaye ukutshintsha kwemikhwa yokutya kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kukhokelele kwizikhokelo ezitsha malunga nokulungiswa kwehagu.

Nantsi indlela yokupheka inyama yehagu ngokukhuselekileyo ukunqanda iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neempawu.

Ukuxhalaba kwezempilo malunga nengulube engaphekwanga

I-Trichinella spiralis luhlobo lweentshulube ezirhubuluzayo ezifumaneka kwiintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezityisayo kunye nezidlayo kwihlabathi liphela-kubandakanya iihagu ().

Izilwanyana zinokosulelwa emva kokutya ezinye izilwanyana okanye iintsalela zenyama ezinesidleleli.

Iintshulube zikhula emathunjini omamkeli, zize emva koko zivelise imibungu edlula kwigazi ize ibambeke kwimisipha ().

Ukutya inyama yehagu engaphekwanga I-Trichinella spiralis kunokukhokelela kwi-trichinosis, usulelo olwenza iimpawu ezinjengorhudo, isisu esibuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha kunye nomkhuhlane.

Ngethamsanqa, ukuphuculwa kococeko, imithetho enxulumene nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma, kunye namanyathelo othintelo ayilelwe ukukhusela kusulelo kukhokelele ekunciphiseni okubonakalayo kukuxhaphaka kwetrichinosis kule minyaka ingama-50 idlulileyo (3).

Ngapha koko, ukusukela ngo-2008 ukuya ku-2012, kuphela ngamatyala ali-15 kuphela axeliweyo minyaka le kumaZiko oLawulo noThintelo lwezifo (i-CDC) -ngaphantsi kakhulu kunangaphambili ().

Umzekelo, ingxelo ka-1943 yeZiko lezeMpilo likaZwelonke laqikelela ukuba i-parasite yosuleleke malunga ne-16% yabantu base-US (3).

Ngaphandle kokuhla kwesifo se-trichinosis, ukupheka ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wosulelo.

Ukupheka inyama yehagu kunokuthintela ukugula okubangelwa kukutya okubangelwa ziintsholongwane. Oku kubandakanya Salmonella, Ubunjani benkampu, IListeria, kwaye Yersinia enterocolitica, ezinokubangela umkhuhlane, Ukugodola, kunye noxinzelelo lokugaya ukutya ().

Ukutya inyama yehagu ene-Trichinella spiralis kunokubangela i-trichinosis. Ngelixa uphuculo kumzi mveliso wokutya uwunciphisile umngcipheko wosulelo, ukupheka inyama yehagu kusabalulekile ekuthinteleni ukugula okubangelwa kukutya.

Indlela yokulinganisa ubushushu

Sebenzisa ithemometha yenyama yedijithali yeyona ndlela ilula nesebenzayo yokulinganisa ubushushu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba inyama yehagu iphekwe iphela.

Qala ngokufaka ithemometha embindini wenyama kwelona candelo lityebileyo, nelona lipholileyo nelokugqibela ukupheka.

Qiniseka ukuba ithemometha alichukumisi thambo ukuze lifumane olona lwazi luchanekileyo.

Ukongeza, qiniseka ukuba ucocekile ithemometha ngamanzi anesepha ngaphambi nasemva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye.

Nje ukuba inyama yengulube ifikelele kubushushu obufunwayo, yususe kumthombo wobushushu kwaye inyama mayiphumle ubuncinci imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokuyikrola okanye ukuyitya.

Ngaphandle kwenyama yehagu, la manyathelo ayacetyiswa kuwo onke amanxeba okusika ukunceda ukubulala naziphi na iintsholongwane kunye nokukhuthaza ukhuseleko lokutya olufanelekileyo ().

Izikhokelo zobushushu

Ukupheka ngendlela efanelekileyo yenye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokuthintela i-trichinosis, usulelo olubangelwa sisidleleli I-Trichinella spiralis.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwacetyiswa ukuba kuphekwe inyama yehagu kubushushu obungaphakathi kwe-160 ° F (71 ° C) -kungakhathalelwanga ukusikwa - ukuthintela usulelo.

Nangona kunjalo, ngo-2011, iSebe lezoLimo lase-United States (i-USDA) lahlaziya iingcebiso zalo ukubonisa ukuphuculwa kwendlela yokutya kunye nokwehla kokuxhaphaka kwetrichinosis.

Kuyacetyiswa ke ngoku ukuba kuphekwe inyama yehagu, ichops, kunye ne roast ubuncinci i-145 ° F (63 ° C) - evumela inyama ukuba igcine ukufuma kwayo kunye nencasa ngaphandle kokuyomisa (6).

Inyama yomzimba, inyama yehagu yomhlaba, kunye nemixube eyenziwe ngehagu yomhlaba kufuneka isaphekwe ubuncinci ukuya kwi-160 ° F (71 ° C).

I-USDA ikwacebisa ukuvumela inyama ukuba ihlale ubuncinci imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokuba isetyenziselwe zonke iintlobo zehagu ngaphandle kwengulube yomhlaba.

Nanga amaqondo obushushu aphekwayo kokucheba iihagu ezimbalwa (6):

Ukupheka inyama yehagu ngocoselelo kunokuwususa umngcipheko wosulelo. Inyama kufuneka iphekwe kumaqondo obushushu ayi-145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) kwaye ivumeleke ukuba iphumle imizuzu emithathu phambi kokutya.

Ezinye iingcebiso ngokhuseleko lokutya kwehagu

Ukongeza ekuphekeni kakuhle inyama yehagu, zininzi ezinye iindlela onokuzithatha ukuziqhelanisa nokhuseleko lokutya xa uphethe olu hlobo lwenyama.

Ukuqala, zombini inyama yehagu ekrwada nephekiweyo ingagcinwa kwifriji kangangeentsuku ezi-3-4 kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi ko-40 ° F (4 ° C).

Qiniseka ukuba uyisonge ngokuqinileyo inyama yehagu kwaye unciphise ukubonakaliswa komoya ukukhusela inyama ukuba ingomi.

Inyama eluhlaza nayo kufuneka igcinwe kwishelufa esezantsi yefriji ukunqanda ukuhambisa ibhaktheriya kokunye ukutya.

Xa upheka inyama yehagu, qiniseka ukuyilungiselela kwindawo ecocekileyo kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ezahlukileyo kunye neebhodi zokusika ukuba ulungiselela okunye ukutya ngaxeshanye.

Kuphephe ukuvumela ukutya okuphekiweyo okanye ukutya okungafuni kuphekwa kunxibelelane nenyama eluhlaza ukukhusela ungcoliseko lomnqamlezo.

Okokugqibela, qiniseka ukuba ugcina okuseleyo kwifriji ngokukhawuleza kwaye ungashiyi inyama yehagu kubushushu begumbi ngaphezulu kweeyure ezimbini ukukhusela ekukhuleni kwebhaktiriya.

Ukongeza ekuphekeni kakuhle inyama yehagu, ukuphatha kakuhle nokugcina kubalulekile ukugcina ukhuseleko lokutya.

Umgca wezantsi

Nangona izikhokelo zokupheka inyama yehagu zitshintshile kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ukuziqhelanisa nokhuseleko lokutya kuhlala kubalulekile ukuthintela ukugula okubangelwa kukutya.

Ukulandela izikhokelo ezinconyelweyo zokupheka inyama yehagu kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-trichinosis, usulelo olubangelwa kukutya inyama yehagu engaphekwanga engcoliswe I-Trichinella spiralis sisidleleleli.

I-USDA icebisa ukuba inyama yehagu kufuneka iphekwe kubushushu obungaphakathi kwe-145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) - kuxhomekeke kwisiko- kwaye kuvunyelwe ukuphumla ubuncinci imizuzu emithathu ngaphambi kokutya.

Ukuphathwa ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokugcinwa nako kubalulekile ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wosulelo lwebacteria.