Ngaba Unokusithintela Isifo Seswekile Sikamama?

Umxholo

• Yeyiphi imeko yomngcipheko wesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Ndingawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?
• Luluphi unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kunye ne-insulin?
• Zithini iimpawu zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?
• Sichongwa njani isifo seswekile?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo seswekile?
• Kuza kuvavanywa kangaphi amanqanaba eswekile yegazi?
• Ngaba enye into enokuthi ichaphazele ukumitha kweswekile kukuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwam?
• Ithini imbonakalo yeswekile yokukhulelwa?
• Imibuzo neempendulo
• Q:
• A:

Yintoni isifo seswekile?

Isifo seswekile sikamama okwimeko yexeshana enokwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, oko kuthetha ukuba unamanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi kunesiqhelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Isifo seswekile sikamama sichaphazela malunga neepesenti ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-10 zokukhulelwa e-United States, ngokwe-Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuba unyangwe ngokukhawuleza kuba kunokubangela iingxaki kwimpilo yakho nakumntwana wakho.

Izizathu zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa aziqondwa ngokupheleleyo kwaye ayinakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ungawunciphisa umngcipheko wokuyiphuhlisa. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale meko kunye nento onokuyenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Yeyiphi imeko yomngcipheko wesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Isifo seswekile somzimba sinxulunyaniswa nezinto ezahlukeneyo zomngcipheko, kubandakanya:

• ungaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-25
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ukuba nesihlobo esisondeleyo nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini
• uneemeko ezibangela ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin, njenge-polycystic ovarian syndrome (i-PCOS) kunye nengxaki yolusu i-acanthosis nigricans
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphambi kokukhulelwa
• ukuba neswekile yokukhulelwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili
• ukufumana ubunzima obukhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangoku okanye kwangaphambili
• ukuthatha i-glucocorticoids
• ukukhulelwa okuphindaphindayo, njengamawele okanye amawele amathathu

Amanye amaqela ezizwe asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokukhulisa isifo seswekile, kubandakanya:

• Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika
• Abantu baseAsia-Amerika
• AmaSpanishi
• AmaMerika Omthonyama
• Abahlali bePacific Island

Ndingawunciphisa njani umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Eyona ndlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile kukuhlala usempilweni kwaye ulungiselela umzimba wakho ukuba ukhulelwe.

Ukuba utyebe kakhulu, ungathatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukulungiselela ukukhulelwa:

• Sebenzela ukuphucula ukutya kwakho kwaye utye ukutya okusempilweni.
• Misela umthambo oqhelekileyo wokuzilolonga.
• Cinga ukunciphisa umzimba.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neyona ndlela yokunciphisa umzimba, kuba neepawundi ezimbalwa zinokwenza umahluko kwinqanaba lomngcipheko wesifo seswekile.

Ukuba awusebenzi, nokuba utyebile okanye hayi, kuya kufuneka uphinde usebenze ngokuziqhelanisa nokuzilolonga umzimba kathathu ngeveki. Zilolonge ngokomlinganiselo ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 ngalo lonke ixesha. Yamkela ukutya okusempilweni okujolise kwimifuno, iziqhamo, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.

Nje ukuba ukhulelwe, ungazami ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha ukhuthaza. Funda ngendlela yokwehlisa umzimba ngokukhuselekileyo ukuba utyebe kakhulu kwaye ukhulelwe.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili kwaye ucwangcisa ukukhulelwa kwakhona, xelela ugqirha wakho. Baya kwenza uvavanyo kwangoko ukuchonga umngcipheko wakho kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhulelwe usempilweni.

Luluphi unxibelelwano phakathi kwesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kunye ne-insulin?

Zonke iintlobo zeswekile zinxulumene nehomoni insulin. Ilawula ubungakanani beswekile egazini lakho ngokuvumela iswekile ukuba ihambe egazini iye kwiiseli zakho.

Ukungabikho ngokwaneleyo kwe-insulin okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga kwe-insulin ngamaseli omzimba wakho kukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini. Njengoko ufumana ubunzima, umzimba wakho usebenzisa i-insulin kancinci, ngenxa yoko kufuneka uvelise ngaphezulu ukuze ulawule iswekile esegazini lakho. Funda ngakumbi malunga nefuthe le-insulin.

Ukongeza, xa ukhulelwe i-placenta yakho ivelisa iihomoni ezikhusela i-insulin. Oku kwenza iswekile ihlale egazini ixesha elide emva kokutya. Umntwana wakho ufumana izakhamzimba kwigazi lakho, ke kuyanceda ngexa lokukhulelwa ukuba izakhamzimba zibe segazini lakho ixesha elide ukuze umntwana wakho azifumane. Inqanaba elithile lokunganyangeki kwe-insulin kuqhelekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Amanqanaba akho eglucose angaphakama kakhulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukuba:

• wawusele ungenayo i-insulin ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe
• amanqanaba eswekile yegazi akho sele ephezulu ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe
• uneemeko ezikubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba unganyangeki yi-insulin

Ukuba amanqanaba akho eglucose abe phezulu kakhulu, uya kufunyaniswa unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa?

Ngokubanzi, awuzukufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo zesifo seswekile. Abanye abantu basetyhini banokuba neempawu ezinobulali ezinje:

• ukudinwa
• ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
• ukwanda kokungxamiseka kokuchama kunye nokuhamba rhoqo
• erhona
• ukwanda kwesisindo

Nangona kunjalo, isifo seswekile sinokunyusa umngcipheko wezinye iimeko.

Enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu yi-preeclampsia, ebangela uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kwaye inokubulala xa inganyangwa ngokukhawuleza.

Isifo seswekile sikamlinganiso sikwanxulunyaniswa nemacrosomia, imeko apho umntwana wakho ekhula kakhulu. IMacrosomia inxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza.

Isifo seswekile sikamama sinokukhokelela ekubeni umntwana abe ne-glucose esezantsi xa ezalwa. Kwiimeko zesifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle, umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuzalwa kwakhona.

Sichongwa njani isifo seswekile?

Kuba isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa asihlali sineempawu, sifunyaniswa kuvavanyo lwegazi. Ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lokuvavanywa kwesifo seswekile ngexesha lesibini. Ukuba unemingcipheko ethile, unokufumana uvavanyo olwenziwe kwangaphambili kwi-trimester yakho yokuqala.

Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ngenye yeendlela ezimbini. Eyokuqala ibizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lomngeni we-glucose (GCT). Ngexesha lovavanyo, uya kusela isisombululo eswekile kwaye uthathe ukuthathwa kwegazi kwiyure kamva. Awunyanzelekanga ukuba uzile ukutya kolu vavanyo. Ukuba esi siphumo siphakamile, kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lweeyure ezintathu zeswekile.

Ukhetho lwesibini luvavanyo lokuvavanywa kweglucose (OGTT). Ngexesha lolu vavanyo, kuya kufuneka ukuba uzilile kwaye ube nokutsala igazi. Emva koko uya kusela isisombululo seswekile, kwaye ujonge iswekile yegazi lakho kwiyure enye kunye neeyure ezimbini kamva. Ukuba esinye sezi ziphumo siphakamile, uya kufunyaniswa unesifo seswekile.

Sinyangwa njani isifo seswekile?

Abasetyhini abaninzi bayakwazi ukulawula isifo seswekile ngokutya nangokuzilolonga, okunokusebenza kakhulu ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile yegazi.

Uzakufuna ukuhlawula ngokukodwa kwi-carbohydrate yakho yokutya kunye nobukhulu beesahlulo sakho. Kubalulekile ukuba uphephe ukutya nokusela izinto ezithile, kubandakanya utywala, ukutya okwenziweyo, kunye nesitatshi esifana neetapile ezimhlophe kunye nerayisi emhlophe. Jonga olu luhlu lokutya ukuze ufumane ezinye iingcebiso malunga nento onokuyitya kwaye ongayityiyo ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuncomela isicwangciso sokutya kunye neshedyuli yokuzilolonga. Ukuzivocavoca okukhuselekileyo ukwenza ngexesha lokukhulelwa kubandakanya:

• Iipilates
• iyoga
• ukuhamba
• ukuqubha
• ukubaleka
• ukuqeqeshwa kobunnzima

Kuya kufuneka kwakhona ujonge amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho ukuze uqiniseke ukuba iswekile yakho ayiphezulu kakhulu.

Ukuba ukutya kunye nokuzilolonga kuphela akusebenzi, kusenokufuneka ukuba uthathe i-insulin ngokunjalo.

Kuza kuvavanywa kangaphi amanqanaba eswekile yegazi?

Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya amanqanaba eswekile yegazi rhoqo ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, kwaye kuya kufuneka uvavanye amanqanaba akho mihla le ekhaya.

Ukwenza oku, uya kusebenzisa inaliti encinci ukuthatha isampuli yegazi emnweni wakho, oza kuyibeka kumtya wovavanyo kwimitha yeswekile yegazi. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba loluphi uluhlu lwamanani onokulujonga. Ukuba i-glucose yakho iphezulu kakhulu, biza ugqirha wakho kwangoko.

Ukongeza kuvavanyo ekhaya, uza kundwendwela ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa. Ugqirha wakho uya kufuna ukuvavanya amanqanaba akho eglucose eofisini kube kanye ngenyanga ukuqinisekisa ufundo lwakho lwasekhaya.

Ngaba enye into enokuthi ichaphazele ukumitha kweswekile kukuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwam?

Unokuba nama-ultrasound amaninzi rhoqo ukubeka iliso ekukhuleni komntwana wakho. Ugqirha wakho angenza uvavanyo lwe-nonstress ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinga lentliziyo yosana lwakho liyonyuka xa besebenza.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngokungeniswa ukuba umsebenzi awuqali ngomhla wakho omiselweyo. Kungenxa yokuba ukuhanjiswa kwasemva kwexesha kunokwandisa umngcipheko xa unesifo seswekile.

Ithini imbonakalo yeswekile yokukhulelwa?

Isifo seswekile sikamama ngesiqhelo sihamba sodwa emva kokubeleka. Ugqirha wakho uya kuvavanya amanqanaba eswekile yegazi emva kweeveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokuba ubelekile ukuze uqiniseke ukuba amanqanaba akho abuyele esiqhelweni. Ukuba azinjalo, unokuba nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile.

Nokuba iswekile yegazi lakho ibuyele esiqhelweni emva kokuba usana lwakho lufikile, isifo seswekile sokukhulelwa sikubeka emngciphekweni owandayo wokuphuhlisa uhlobo lweswekile yesibini kamva ebomini. Kuya kufuneka uhlolwe yonke iminyaka emi-3 ukuqinisekisa ukuba amanqanaba eglucose egazini aqhelekile.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa, umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokutyeba kakhulu okanye ukukhula kwesifo seswekile xa sele emdala. Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngoku:

• ukuncancisa
• ukufundisa umntwana wakho imikhwa yokutya esempilweni esemncinci
• ukukhuthaza umntwana wakho ukuba asebenze ngokomzimba kubo bonke ubomi babo

Imibuzo neempendulo

Q:

Ngaba ukutya ukutya okuneswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwam kuya kuwonyusa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Ukutya ukutya okuneswekile akuyi kuwonyusa umngcipheko wesifo seswekile. Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa kuya kuba kubalulekile ukulawula ukutya kwakho kwe-carbohydrate ukuze ulawule kakuhle amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Oku kunokubandakanya ukulawula ukutya kwakho ukutya okuneswekile. Okunye koku kutya, okufana nesoda kunye nejusi, kugaya ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kunokunye ukutya okune-carbohydrate ezinefayibha, kwaye kunokubangela amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, ngakumbi ukuba uthathwe wedwa. Dibana nengcali yokutya okutyikityo ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo seswekile sokukhulelwa ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ulawula indlela otya ngayo ngokufanelekileyo.

I-Peggy Pletcher, i-MS, i-RD, i-LD, i-CDEA iimpendulo zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.