Uhlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2 Unyango lweSwekile
Umxholo
- Unyango lohlobo 1 lweswekile
- Unyango lohlobo lwesibini lweswekile
- Iyeza leswekile linciphisa umzimba?
- Unyango lwasekhaya lweswekile
Unyango lohlobo 1 okanye uhlobo 2 lweswekile lwenziwa ngamayeza okulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi, ngenjongo yokugcina iswekile yegazi kufutshane nesiqhelo ngangokunokwenzeka, kuthintelwe iingxaki ezinokubakho kwesi sifo, ezinje nge-retinopathy kunye nokusilela kwezintso, umzekelo. .
Ukunyanga i-1 yeswekile, kufuneka i-insulin yemihla ngemihla. Unyango lwesifo seswekile sesi-2, ngokubanzi, lwenziwa ngamayeza e-antidiabetic kwiipilisi, ezinje nge-metformin, i-glimepiride kunye ne-gliclazide, umzekelo, ukwanela kwiimeko ezininzi, okanye uncedo lwe-insulin kunokuba yimfuneko. Ukongeza, ukufezekiswa kokutya okulawulwayo kwiswekile kunye namafutha kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuzilolonga kubalulekile kuzo zonke iimeko.
Njengoko elona yeza lifanelekileyo kuye wonke umntu lahluka ngokwamanqanaba aliqela, kubandakanya uhlobo lwesifo seswekile, ubuzaza besifo kunye nobudala besigulana, unyango kufuneka lukhokelwe ngugqirha ongu-endocrinologist okanye ugqirha jikelele. Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba zeziphi ezahlula iintlobo zesifo seswekile, jonga ukuba zeziphi iimpawu kunye nokwahluka kweentlobo zesifo seswekile.
Unyango lohlobo 1 lweswekile
Njengakolu hlobo lwesifo seswekile, iipancreas azikwazi ukuvelisa i-insulin okanye ziyivelise ngesixa esincinci, injongo yonyango kukulinganisa imveliso yendalo yale hormone, ngamanye amaxesha kunye nezixa ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye umntu, ukukhusela ukunyuka kweglucose yegazi.
Ke, ukulinganisa isenzo sepancreas, kunyanzelekile ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile sokuqala asebenzise ubuncinci iintlobo ezimbini ze-insulin, ezi:
| Iindidi ze-insulin | Amagama aqhelekileyo | Isetyenziswa njani |
| I-insulin esebenza ngokukhawuleza | Rhoqo, Asparte, Lispro, Glulisina | Ihlala isetyenziswa ngaphambi kokutya okanye emva nje kokutya ukugcina amanqanaba eglucose elawulwa emva kokutya, ukuthintela iswekile ekuqokeleleni egazini. |
| I-insulin encinci | I-NPH, iDetemir, iGlggina | Ihlala isetyenziselwa i-1 ukuya kumaxesha ama-2 ngosuku, njengoko isenzo sayo sithatha iiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24, ezinye zifikelela kwiiyure ezingama-30, zigcina amanqanaba eswekile azinzile imini yonke. |
La machiza anokufumaneka kuyo nayiphi na ikhemesti kwaye uninzi luyafumaneka kwikhemesti ethandwayo, ngokufikelela kwi-SUS, ngokomyalelo kagqirha.
Ukuququzelela ukusetyenziswa kunye nokunciphisa inani leenaliti, kukho indibaniselwano kunye namalungiselelo e-insulin, adibanisa iintlobo ezimbini okanye ezingaphezulu ze-insulin, kunye nokukhawuleza kunye nokuhamba kancinci.
Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa kwempompo ye-insulin, sisixhobo esincinci esiqhotyoshelwe emzimbeni, kwaye sinokucwangciswa ukukhupha i-insulin ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokuthe chu, ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye.
Fumana ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-insulin kunye nendlela yokufaka isicelo.
Unyango lohlobo lwesibini lweswekile
Amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile yi-hypoglycemic okanye i-antidiabetics yomlomo, enokuthathwa yodwa okanye idityaniswe, ukulawula amanqanaba eswekile yegazi. Eminye imizekelo ibandakanya:
| Uluhlu lwamayeza | Iklasi yokunyanga | Ingaba isebenza kanjani | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
| IMetformin | IiBiguanides | Ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kweswekile sisibindi, kuphucula ukusetyenziswa kweglucose ngumzimba | Ukugula kunye norhudo |
IGlibenclamide, iGlimepiride, iGlipizide, iGliclazide | Isulphonylureas | Iyakhuthaza kwaye inyuse imveliso ye-insulin ngamanyange | Hypoglycemia, ukuzuza ubunzima |
Iacarbose, iMiglitol | I-alpha-glycosidase inhibitors | Inciphisa ukufunxeka iswekile ukutya evela emathunjini | Ukwanda kwegesi yamathumbu, urhudo |
| IRosiglitazone, iPioglitazone | Uyenazididioniones | Iphucula ukusetyenziswa kweglucose ngumzimba | Ukutyeba, ukukhukhumala, ukuwohloka kwentliziyo |
Ngaphandle, iLiraglutide | I-GLP-1 agonists | Yonyusa ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin, yehlisa iswekile, inyusa ukugcwala kwaye iququzelele ukwehla kobunzima | Isihlunu, ukunciphisa ukutya |
ISaxagliptin, iSitagliptin, iLinagliptin | I-DPP-4 inhibitors | Ukunciphisa i-glucose emva kokutya, ukwandisa imveliso ye-insulin | Isicaphucaphu |
Dapagliflozin, Empagliflozin, eKhanagliflozin | Isithinteli se-SGLT2 | Yandisa ukupheliswa kweswekile kumchamo kwaye iququzelele ukwehla kobunzima | Umngcipheko ophezulu wokusuleleka kwintsholongwane |
Ezona ziyobisi zisandula ukwenziwa, ezinje nge-Exenatide, Liraglutide, Glyptines kunye neGlyphozins, azikafumaneki kuthungelwano lukawonke-wonke, nangona kunjalo, amanye amachiza anokufumaneka simahla kwiikhemesti.
Kwiimeko apho iswekile iphezulu kakhulu, okanye xa iipilisi zingasebenzi, ugqirha unokubandakanya inaliti ye-insulin kunyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyanga i-2 yeswekile, ukongeza ekusebenziseni amayeza, kubalulekile ukulawula iswekile ngokudibeneyo nokutya okulawulwayo kwii-carbohydrate, kumanqatha nakwityiwa, ukongeza kwimithambo yomzimba. Jonga ukuba ukutya kweswekile kufuneka kube njani.
Iyeza leswekile linciphisa umzimba?
Amachiza eswekile akufuneki asetyenziswe ngabantu abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba kodwa abangenaso isifo seswekile, kuba iyingozi empilweni. Amachiza asetyenziselwa ukulawula iswekile yegazi, kwimeko yeswekile, anefuthe lokwehla kobunzima, kuba ngokulawula ngcono inqanaba leswekile yegazi umntu uziva elambile kancinci, kwaye kulula ukulandela ukutya okwehlisayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweearhente zehypoglycemic akufuneki kwenziwe ngabantu abaphilileyo, ekufuneka endaweni yoko bakhethe ukusebenzisa ukutya, iijusi kunye neti ezinceda ukulawula iswekile yegazi ngendlela yendalo, enje ngesinamoni, umgubo ovela kwigwebu yeziqhamo kunye neflakisi. , umzekelo.
Unyango lwasekhaya lweswekile
Unyango lwendalo lwesifo seswekile ziindlela ezilungileyo zokuncedisa unyango ngamayeza, njengoko eneempawu ezinceda ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi. Ezinye iitayi ezinalo msebenzi ziigorse, isinamon okanye iti yesilumko, umzekelo. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iindlela zokupheka zeswekile.
Olunye unyango lwasekhaya kukusetyenziswa komgubo weziqhamo zesikhumba, njengoko ine-pectin, ifayibha esebenza ukunciphisa iswekile yegazi. Ukongeza, omnye umlawuli we-glucose yegazi yi-São Caetano melon, enokuthi isetyenziswe ngendlela yayo yendalo okanye njengejusi, umzekelo.
Unyango lwesifo seswekile kubalulekile ukuba ungatyi ukutya okuneswekile eninzi okanye ii-carbohydrate, ezinje ngejeli, ikuki okanye iitapile. Kungenjalo, ukutya okutyebileyo kwifayibha okufana nemifuno, ii-apile, iflakisi, isonka sengqolowa kunye neencindi zendalo kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iziqhamo ezicetyiswayo kubantu abanesifo seswekile.
Jonga kwakhona imithambo onokuyenza, echazwe kule vidiyo ilandelayo:
Ukukhetha Komhleli
Ixesha elide lihlala njani?
