Ngaba ukhulelwe kwaye une-Rh Negative? Kutheni usenokufuna Inaliti yeRhoGAM

Umxholo

• Yintoni iRh factor?
• Ukungahambelani kweRh
• Kutheni iRhoGAM isetyenziswa
• Ulawulwa njani
• Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeRhoGAM
• Imingcipheko yeRhoGAM shot - kwaye ungayifumani
• Iindleko kunye nokukhetha
• Ukuthatha

Xa ukhulelwe, unokufunda ukuba umntwana wakho ayilulo uhlobo lwakho - uhlobo lwegazi, oko kukuthi.

Wonke umntu uzalwe enohlobo lwegazi- O, A, B, okanye AB. Kwaye bazalwa benento yeRhesus (Rh), elungileyo okanye engalunganga. Ufumene iRh factor yakho kubazali bakho, kanye njengokuba uzuze amehlo kamama wakho amdaka kunye namathambo katata wakho aphakamileyo.

Ukukhulelwa lelona xesha kuphela apho kunokubakho igazi elibi (i-pun eyenzelweyo!) Phakathi kwakho ne-Rh factor yakho.

Xa uyiRh negative kwaye utata womntwana eneRh, ezinye iingxaki ezisongela ubomi zinokuvela ukuba umntwana uzuze ilifa le-Rh factor. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukungahambelani kweRh, okanye isifo seRh.

Kodwa musa ukutyhala iqhosha lokothuka okwangoku. Nangona kubalulekile ukuba kuhlolwe esi sifo, ukungahambelani kweRh kunqabile kwaye kuyathinteleka.

Ukucombulula iingxaki, ugqirha wakho angakunika i-RhoGAM-generic: Rho (D) immune globulin- malunga neeveki ezingama-28 zokukhulelwa kwaye nanini na xa igazi lakho linokudibanisa nelomntwana wakho, njengaxa uvavanywa ngaphambi kokubeleka okanye xa uhambisa.

Yintoni iRh factor?

I-Rh factor yiprotein ehleli kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba unayo le protein, uneRh positive. Ukuba awunayo, uyiRh negative. Iipesenti ezili-18 kuphela zabemi zinegazi eline-Rh elingelolalo.

Xa kuziwa kwimpilo yakho, ayinamsebenzi into onayo - nokuba ukhe wafuna utofelo-gazi, oogqirha banokuqinisekisa ngokulula ukuba ufumana igazi elibi le-Rh. Nangona kunjalo, inkxalabo ivela ngexesha lokukhulelwa (yintoni ayikho inkxalabo ngexesha lokukhulelwa?) xa igazi elingalunganga nelilungileyo linokudibanisa.

Ukungahambelani kweRh

Ukungahambelani kweRh kwenzeka xa umfazi we-Rh engenawo umntwana ekhulelwa umntwana oyindoda ene-Rh. Ngokwe:

• Kukho ithuba leepesenti ezingama-50 lokuba umntwana wakho azuze njengelifa iRh factor, nto leyo ethetha ukuba nobabini iRh iyahambelana. Konke kuyi-AOK, akukho nyango lufunekayo.
• Kukwakho nepesenti ezingama-50 zokuba umntwana wakho azuze ilifa le-Rh factor katata wakhe, kwaye oko kubangela ukungahambelani kweRh.

Ukumisela ukungahambelani kweRh kunokuba lula njengokuthatha iisampulu zegazi kuwe, kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, utata wosana.

• Ukuba bobabini abazali bane-Rh negative, umntwana naye unjalo.
• Ukuba bobabini abazali baneRh, umntwana uneRh.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi luhlala lwenziwa kutyelelo lwakho lokuqala kokubeleka.

Kwaye - ziqhelane nezo ntonga zenaliti - ukuba awunayo i-Rh negative, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi lokujonga ukuba akhangele na kwiintsholongwane zeRh.

• Ama-antibodies ziiproteni amajoni akho omzimba awenzayo ukulwa nezinto ezingezizo emzimbeni wakho (njengegazi le-Rh).
• Ukuba une-antibodies, oko kuthetha ukuba sele ubonakalisiwe kwi-Rh yegazi elifanelekileyo - ukusuka kunikezelo lwangaphambili, umzekelo, ukukhupha isisu, okanye utofelo-gazi olungalunganga.
• Usana lwakho lusemngciphekweni wokungahambelani kweRh ukuba utata wabo uneRh.
• Ungaludinga olu vavanyo lokuhlola amaxesha amaninzi ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukulinganisa inqanaba lamajoni omzimba (njengoko ephezulu, iingxaki zomntwana wakho zisenokuba qatha).
• Ukuba unayo i-antibodies, i-RhoGAM ayizukunceda umntwana wakho. Kodwa musa ukuphazamiseka. Oogqirha banako:
  • oda iimvavanyo zokuhlola, njenge-ultrasound, ukujonga ukukhula komntwana wakho
  • Nika usana lwakho utofelo-gazi ngentambo, ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho aphume kwiComfort Inn esisibeleko sakho
  • cebisa ukuhanjiswa kwangethuba

Ezinye izizathu zokuhlala uzolile:

• Ngamanye amaxesha ukungahambelani komntwana wakho kunokuvelisa kuphela iingxaki ezinobuzaza ezingafuneki kunyango.
• Ukukhulelwa kokuqala akuqhelekanga kuchaphazeleka kukungahambelani kweRh. Kungenxa yokuba kungathatha ixesha elingaphezu kweenyanga ezili-9 ukuba umama we-Rh angenawo ama-antibodies alwa ne-Rh enegazi.

Kutheni iRhoGAM isetyenziswa

Umama we-Rh ongekhoyo (hayi usana lwakhe) uya kufumana i-RhoGAM kwiindawo ezininzi ngexesha lokukhulelwa xa i-Rh factor katata inethemba okanye ingaziwa. Oku kumthintela ekwenzeni ii-antibodies kwi-Rh enegazi elungileyo-izilwa-buhlungu ezinokutshabalalisa iiseli zegazi zosana lwakhe.

I-RhoGAM inikwa ngesiqhelo nanini na kukho ukubakho kwegazi likamama elixubana nelomntwana. La maxesha aquka:

• kwiiveki ezingama-26 ukuya kwezingama-28 zokukhulelwa, xa i-placenta ingaqala ukubhitya kwaye, nangona kungenakulindeleka, igazi linokutshintshela kumntwana liye kumama
• emva kokukhipha isisu, ukuzalwa komntwana, ukuphuma kwesisu, okanye ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic (ukukhulelwa okuvela ngaphandle kwesibeleko)
• ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-72 zokuhanjiswa, kubandakanywa nokuhanjiswa kwe-cearean, ukuba umntwana u-Rh ulungile
• emva kwako nakuphi na ukuvavanywa okungafunekiyo kweeseli zomntwana, umzekelo, ngexesha:
  • i-amniocentesis, uvavanyo oluvavanya i-amniotic fluid kuphuhliso olungaqhelekanga
  • isampulu ye-chorionic villus (i-CVS), uvavanyo olujonga iisampulu zezicubu kwiingxaki zemfuza
• emva komothuko ophakathi, onokwenzeka emva kokuwa okanye kwingozi yemoto
• nakuphi na ukuxhaphaza kwimveku engekazalwa - umzekelo, xa ugqirha ejika usana olungekazalwa luhleli kwindawo enomoya
• ukopha kwilungu lobufazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Ulawulwa njani

I-RhoGAM sisiyobisi esikhutshwa ngesiqhelo sinikwa ngenaliti kwisihlunu-rhoqo ngasemva, ke esinye isidima oza kujongana naso ngelixa ukhulelwe. Inokunikwa kwakhona ngaphakathi.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthatha isigqibo sokuba yeyiphi idosi efanelekileyo kuwe. I-RhoGAM iyasebenza malunga neeveki ezili-13.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zeRhoGAM

I-RhoGAM sisiyobisi esikhuselekileyo esinerekhodi yeminyaka engama-50 yokukhusela abantwana kwizifo zeRh. Ngokomvelisi weziyobisi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezixhaphakileyo zenzeka apho kudutyulwa khona kwaye kubandakanya:

• ubunzima
• ukudumba
• intlungu
• iintlungu
• irhashalala okanye ukuba bomvu

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ngumkhuhlane omncinci. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka, nangona kuncinci, ukuba neempendulo zokungabikho komzimba.

Ukudubula kunikwa wena kuphela; umntwana wakho akafumani naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. I-RhoGAM ayisiyakho ukuba:

• Sele enazo ii-antibodies ze-Rh
• ziyaliwa komzimba kwi-immunoglobulin
• une-hemolytic anemia
• ndinezigonyo kutshanje (iRhoGAM inciphisa ukusebenza kwayo)

Imingcipheko yeRhoGAM shot - kwaye ungayifumani

Isifo seRh asiyichaphazeli impilo yakho - kodwa ukuba uyala umpu weRhoGAM, unokuchaphazela impilo yosana lwakho kunye nolwakho lokukhulelwa. Inyaniso, Umfazi okhulelweyo ongu-1 we-Rh kwi-5 uya kuba novakalelo kwi-Rh factor ukuba akafumani iRhoGAM. Oko kuthetha ukuba, umntwana wakhe angazalwa enento enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• i-anemia, ukunqongophala kweeseli ezibomvu ezisempilweni
• ukumelwa yintliziyo
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• i-jaundice, i-tinge etyheli kulusu kunye namehlo ngenxa yesibindi esingasebenzi kakuhle - kodwa qaphela, i-jaundice ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana

Iindleko kunye nokukhetha

Amaxabiso kunye ne-inshurensi yokugubungela iRhoGAM iyahluka. Kodwa ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi, lindela ukuchitha isibini ukuya kumakhulu aliqela eedola ngenaliti (ouch - kubuhlungu kakhulu kunepinki yenaliti!). Kodwa iinkampani ezininzi zeinshurensi ziya kuhlawula ubuncinci ezinye zeendleko.

Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ngaba uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweRhoGAM-Rho (D) lwe-immune globulin- okanye uphawu olwahlukileyo lweziyobisi lubiza kakhulu.

Ukuthatha

Isifo seRh asiqhelekanga kwaye siyathintelwa - ngokuqinisekileyo sisifo "esona siganeko sigqibeleleyo" ngaloo ndlela. Lazi uhlobo lwegazi lakho, kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, lelo leqabane lakho. (Kwaye ukuba ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, konke kungcono.)

Ukuba uyiRh negative, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba uyayidinga iRhoGAM kwaye leliphi ixesha elifanelekileyo lokuyifumana.